Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine — A.P.I.C.E.: Proceedings of the 15th Postgraduate Course in Critical Care Medicine Trieste, Italy — November 17–21, 2000

Front Matter....Pages II-XXII
Front Matter....Pages XXIII-XXIII
Anaesthesia and Critical Care: Technology and Standards of Care....Pages 25-37
Front Matter....Pages 39-39
Experimental Models in Hemodilution....Pages 41-51
New Insight Into the Role of Microcirculation in Shock....Pages 53-59
The Electrocardiogram....Pages 61-68
Myocardial Contractility. Mechanism — Diagnosis — Therapy. Focus in General Anesthesia — Linked Problems....Pages 69-77
Hypocynetic and Hypercynetic Arrhythmias: Diagnosis, Management, Prevention....Pages 79-96
Clinical Applications of the Transpulmonary Thermodilution Technique....Pages 97-105
Front Matter....Pages 107-107
Respiratory Function — Monitoring and Modalities at the Bedside....Pages 109-122
Respiratory Physiology during Artificial Ventilation....Pages 123-133
Capnography: Basic Concepts....Pages 135-148
Capnography in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome....Pages 149-159
Volumetric Capnography in Anaesthesia....Pages 161-167
Disturbances of Alveolar Capillary Permeability Pathomechanisms and Pharmaceutical Interactions....Pages 169-187
Local and Systemic Effects of Hypercapnia....Pages 189-194
Monitoring Respiratory Mechanics by Forced Oscillation in Ventilated Patients....Pages 195-204
Optimizing Patient Interface with Ventilation....Pages 205-211
Prevention of Acute Respiratory Failure by Optimal Ventilator Settings: The Open Lung Concept....Pages 213-220
Prevention of Acute Respiratory Failure by Early Surfactant Application....Pages 221-224
Optimization of Oxygenation During One-Lung Ventilation....Pages 225-231
Management of Lung Separation: The Difficult Airway....Pages 233-241
Front Matter....Pages 107-107
Use of Alternative Techniques in a Difficult Tracheal Intubation....Pages 243-250
Outcome of Patients Treated with Non-Invasive Ventilation in Intensive Care Unit....Pages 251-257
Detection of Respiratory Muscle Fatigue: Diagnostic Tests in Intensive Care Unit....Pages 259-268
Inspiratory Capacity, Exercise Tolerance, and Respiratory Failure in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease....Pages 269-273
Chest Roentgenology in the Intensive Care Unit....Pages 275-286
Front Matter....Pages 287-287
Metabolic Changes with Surgery — Lessons to be Learned....Pages 289-298
Monitoring of Substrates in Catabolic Patients....Pages 299-308
Renal Dysfunction in the Perioperative Period....Pages 309-315
Patient Selection, Timing and Stopping of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy....Pages 317-322
Fluid and Electrolyte Dynamics in the Body....Pages 323-331
Monitoring of Blood Volume....Pages 333-337
Volume Replacement — Crystalloids vs Colloids vs Colloids Controversy....Pages 339-348
Front Matter....Pages 349-349
Sedatives — Pharmacological Advances and Clinical Use....Pages 351-357
Advances in Clinical Pharmacology of the Muscle Relaxants....Pages 359-364
Recommendations on the Appropriate Use of the Muscle Relaxant....Pages 365-373
Muscle Relaxants: Side Effects and Complications....Pages 375-386
Opioid Pharmacology....Pages 387-396
New Narcotics....Pages 397-413
Target-Controlled Infusion: Definition, Methods, and Limits....Pages 417-424
Target-Controlled Infusion: Clinical Use in Anesthesia and Intensive Care....Pages 425-430
Front Matter....Pages 349-349
Decision Making in Patients Undergoing CABG....Pages 433-437
Perioperative Period in the Elderly....Pages 439-442
Inflammatory Response to Cardiopulmonary Bypass Cardiac Operations....Pages 443-447
Fast Track Cardiac Surgery....Pages 449-453
Postoperative Morbidity — What the Anaesthetist Needs to Know....Pages 457-463
Basic Concepts of Closed-Loop Anesthesia Delivery Systems....Pages 465-472
Clonidine Smoothing Anesthesia....Pages 473-477
Anaphylactic and Anaphylactoid Reactions During Anesthesia....Pages 479-496
Combined Epidural and General Anesthesia in High-Risk Patients....Pages 497-507
Critical Point in Perioperative Medicine: Anaesthesia for Day Surgery....Pages 509-516
Challenges for Perioperative Management of Obese Patients: How to Manage the Airways....Pages 519-530
Respiratory Management in Obese Patients....Pages 531-541
Challenges for Perioperative Management of Obese Patients — How to Manage Complications....Pages 543-551
Gero-Anesthesia: Functional Reserve, Cardiovascular Changes, and Postoperative Complications....Pages 555-567
Management of the Hopelessly Ill Patient: To Stop or Not to Start?....Pages 569-575
Pre- and Intraoperative Methods to Reduce Immediate Postoperative Pain....Pages 577-585
Front Matter....Pages 587-587
Strategies to Maintain Homeostasis in Major-Risk Pediatric Surgery....Pages 589-599
Useful Guide for Management of Postoperative Pain....Pages 601-605
Recommendations on Paediatric Basic Life Support....Pages 607-620
What’s New in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Infants and Children....Pages 621-632
Front Matter....Pages 633-633
Heart Disease and Pregnancy....Pages 635-649
Risk Assessment for Obstetric Anesthesia....Pages 651-653
Foetal Complications During Complicated Delivery....Pages 655-664
Front Matter....Pages 665-665
Function and Dysfunction of the Liver: An Overview....Pages 667-673
Pathophysiology of Liver Dysfunction....Pages 675-679
Acute Pancreatitis in the ICU....Pages 681-691
Management of Consumption Coagulopathy....Pages 693-701
Front Matter....Pages 703-703
Liver Transplantation — Anesthesia and Intensive Care....Pages 705-712
Challenges in Perioperative Care Transplantation: Heart Transplant....Pages 713-721
Challenge in Perioperative Care Transplantation: Lung Transplant....Pages 723-729
Front Matter....Pages 731-731
Bad and Good News From the Emergency Department....Pages 733-739
Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism in Neurotrauma....Pages 741-748
Neurotrauma: Monitoring and Management of Early and Late Complications....Pages 749-752
Anaesthesia Management Problems in Trauma....Pages 753-761
Imaging of Neurotrauma....Pages 763-769
Front Matter....Pages 771-771
Prevention and Reduction of Pneumonia Associated with Ventilation in Intensive Therapy....Pages 773-779
New Perspectives in the Management of Gram-Positive Infections....Pages 781-789
Focus on Peritonitis: Diagnostic Procedures....Pages 791-798
Front Matter....Pages 799-799
Early Defibrillation....Pages 801-811
Outcome and Cost-Effectiveness of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation....Pages 813-827
Front Matter....Pages 829-829
Epidemiology of Epilepsy....Pages 831-839
Front Matter....Pages 841-841
Local Area Network Videoconferencing for Continuous Anesthesia Quality Improvement....Pages 843-864
Front Matter....Pages 865-865
Monitoring of Performance in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care....Pages 867-881
Albumin in Critical Care — Use, Abuse, or Misuse....Pages 883-890
Real-Time Monitoring of the Process of Care....Pages 891-896
Front Matter....Pages 897-897
Anesthesia Residency Education in America....Pages 899-911
Education in Intensive Care....Pages 913-920
Errors in the Intensive Care Unit....Pages 921-932
Error Prevention in Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine....Pages 933-943
Evidence-Based Medicine: An Effective Guide to Intelligent Physician....Pages 945-951
Long-Term Outcome of Intensive Care: How Well Are the Survivors?....Pages 953-964
Back Matter....Pages 965-973