An Invitation to Health: Choosing to Change

Front Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
CONTENTS......Page 6
SECTION 1 Taking Charge of  Your Health......Page 24
CHAPTER 1 Your Invitation to Healthy Change......Page 26
The Dimensions of Health......Page 27
A Report Card on the Health of Americans......Page 29
Health Disparities......Page 31
A Report Card on the Health of Young Adults......Page 34
Staying Healthy on Campus......Page 35
Making Quality Health-Care Decisions......Page 39
Making Healthy Changes......Page 43
Self Survey......Page 51
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 59
CHAPTER 2 Psychological and Spiritual Well-Being......Page 62
Psychological Well-Being......Page 63
Feeling in Control......Page 71
Spiritual Health......Page 73
Sleepless on Campus......Page 78
Learn It/Live It......Page 83
Self Survey......Page 84
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 85
CHAPTER 3 Personal Stress Management 65......Page 88
What Is Stress?......Page 89
What Causes Stress?......Page 90
Stress and Physical Health......Page 92
Stress on Campus......Page 94
Men, Women, and Stress......Page 98
Other Personal Stressors......Page 99
Responses to Stress......Page 102
Traumatic Life Events and Stress......Page 105
Organizing Your Time......Page 107
Self Survey......Page 110
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 111
CHAPTER 4 Taking Care of Your Mind......Page 114
The Brain: The Last Frontier......Page 115
Understanding Mental Health......Page 117
Mental Health on Campus......Page 121
Depressive Disorders......Page 122
Anxiety Disorders......Page 127
Attention Disorders......Page 129
Suicide......Page 130
Overcoming Problems of the Mind 111......Page 134
Self Survey......Page 138
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 139
SECTION 2 Healthy Lifestyles......Page 142
CHAPTER 5 Th e Joy of Fitness......Page 144
What Is Physical Fitness?......Page 145
The Inactivity Epidemic......Page 147
Physical Activity and Health......Page 150
The Principles of Exercise......Page 154
Improving Cardiorespiratory Fitness......Page 156
Building Muscular Fitness......Page 161
Drugs Used to Boost Athletic Performance......Page 165
Becoming More Flexible......Page 168
Body Composition......Page 172
Evaluating Fitness Products and Programs......Page 175
Sports Nutrition......Page 178
Safe and Healthy Workouts......Page 180
Self Survey......Page 183
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 185
CHAPTER 6 Personal Nutrition......Page 188
What You Need to Know about Nutrients......Page 189
Eating Guidelines for Americans......Page 203
The Way We Eat......Page 208
Taking Charge of What You Eat......Page 217
Food Safety......Page 221
Nutritional Quackery......Page 222
Self Survey......Page 224
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 225
CHAPTER 7 Managing Your Weight......Page 228
The Global Epidemic......Page 229
Body Image......Page 232
Understanding Weight Problems......Page 234
Health Dangers of Excess Weight......Page 235
If You’re Too Thin: How to Gain Weight......Page 237
A Practical Guide to Weight Loss......Page 238
The Psychology of Losing Weight......Page 243
Treating Severe Obesity......Page 245
Unhealthy Eating Behaviors......Page 247
Eating Disorders......Page 249
Self Survey......Page 253
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 254
SECTION 3 Responsible  Sexuality......Page 256
CHAPTER 8 Communicating and Relating......Page 258
Your Social Health......Page 259
Personal Communications......Page 260
Nonverbal Communication......Page 261
How Men and Women Communicate......Page 262
Forming Relationships......Page 263
Healthy Relationships......Page 267
The Science of Romantic Love......Page 268
Assessing a Relationship......Page 269
Dysfunctional Relationships......Page 270
Committed Relationships......Page 273
Family Ties......Page 279
Learn It/Live It......Page 280
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 281
CHAPTER 9 Personal Sexuality......Page 284
Becoming Male or Female......Page 285
Women’s Sexual Health......Page 289
Men’s Sexual Health......Page 293
Responsible Sexuality......Page 294
Sexual Behavior......Page 296
Sexual Diversity......Page 300
Sexual Activity......Page 303
Sexual Response......Page 307
Sexual Concerns......Page 309
Sex Therapy......Page 313
Self Survey......Page 315
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 316
CHAPTER 10 Reproductive Choices......Page 320
Conception......Page 321
Birth Control Basics......Page 322
Abstinence and Nonpenetrative Sexual Activity......Page 323
A Cross-Cultural Perspective......Page 324
Choosing a Birth Control Method......Page 326
Barrier Contraceptives......Page 328
Hormonal Contraceptives......Page 334
Intrauterine Contraceptives......Page 340
Fertility Awareness Methods......Page 341
Emergency Contraception......Page 342
Sterilization......Page 343
Abortion......Page 344
Childfree by Choice......Page 347
Pregnancy......Page 348
Childbirth......Page 351
Infertility......Page 353
Self Survey......Page 355
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 356
SECTION 4 Avoiding Health  Risks......Page 358
CHAPTER 11 Avoiding Addictions......Page 360
Risky Behaviors......Page 361
Gambling on Campus......Page 362
Drug Use on Campus......Page 365
Understanding Drugs and Their Effects......Page 367
Men, Women, and Drugs......Page 369
Caffeine and Its Effects......Page 370
Medications......Page 371
Prescription Drug Abuse on Campus......Page 374
Substance Use Disorders......Page 376
Common Drugs of Abuse......Page 378
Treating Substance Dependence and Abuse......Page 393
Learn It/Live It......Page 395
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 396
CHAPTER 12 Alcohol Use, Misuse, and Abuse......Page 400
Drinking in America......Page 401
Drinking on Campus......Page 402
Understanding Alcohol......Page 412
The Impact of Alcohol on the Body......Page 417
Alcohol, Gender, and Race......Page 420
Alcohol Problems......Page 422
Alcoholism Treatments......Page 424
Alcoholism’s Impact on Relationships......Page 428
Self Survey......Page 429
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 431
CHAPTER 13 Tobacco Use, Misuse, and Abuse......Page 434
Tobacco Use on Campus......Page 435
Why People Start Smoking......Page 437
Why People Keep Smoking......Page 439
Smoking, Gender, and Race......Page 441
Tobacco’s Immediate Effects......Page 442
Health Effects of Cigarette Smoking......Page 444
Other Forms of Tobacco......Page 446
Quitting......Page 448
Environmental Tobacco Smoke......Page 453
Self Survey......Page 457
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 458
SECTION 5 Protecting Your  Health......Page 460
CHAPTER 14 Preventing Major Disease......Page 462
Your Cardiometabolic Health......Page 463
Metabolic Syndrome......Page 467
Diabetes Mellitus......Page 469
Hypertension......Page 472
Your Lipoprotein Profile......Page 475
Cardiovascular (Heart) Disease......Page 477
Crises of the Heart......Page 484
Stroke......Page 486
Cancer......Page 490
Other Major Illnesses......Page 501
Self Survey......Page 503
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 505
CHAPTER 15 Avoiding Infectious Diseases......Page 508
Understanding Infection......Page 509
How Your Body Protects Itself......Page 512
Immunization for Adults......Page 516
Common Cold......Page 519
Infl uenza......Page 520
Meningitis......Page 522
Hepatitis......Page 523
Epstein-Barr Virus and Infectious Mononucleosis......Page 525
Tuberculosis......Page 526
Group A and Group B Strep Infection......Page 527
The “Superbug” Threat: MRSA......Page 528
Insect- and Animal-Borne Infections......Page 529
H1N1 Virus and Infl uenza (Swine Flu)......Page 531
The Threat of a Pandemic......Page 532
Emerging Infectious Diseases......Page 533
Reproductive and Urinary Tract Infections......Page 535
Learn It/Live It......Page 536
Self Survey......Page 537
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 538
CHAPTER 16 Lowering Your Risk of Sexually Transmitted Infections......Page 542
The ABCs of Safer Sex......Page 543
Sexually Transmitted Infections and Diseases......Page 545
Human Papilloma Virus......Page 549
Genital Herpes......Page 551
Chlamydia......Page 553
Pelvic Infl ammatory Disease (PID)......Page 554
Gonorrhea......Page 555
Syphilis......Page 556
Trichomoniasis......Page 558
HIV and AIDS......Page 559
Learn It/Live It......Page 563
Self Survey......Page 564
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 565
CHAPTER 17 Getting Quality Traditional and Nontraditional Health Care......Page 568
Personalizing Your Health Care......Page 569
Choosing a Primary Care Physician......Page 574
Asserting Your Medical Rights......Page 577
Elective Treatments......Page 578
Getting Quality Nontraditional Health Care......Page 580
The Health-Care System......Page 585
Self Survey......Page 592
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 593
CHAPTER 18 Protecting Yourself from Injury, Violence, and Victimization......Page 596
Personal Safety......Page 597
Safety at Work......Page 601
Which Gender Is at Greater Risk?......Page 603
Crime and Violence on Campus......Page 604
Sexual Victimization and Violence......Page 607
Self Survey......Page 614
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 616
CHAPTER 19 Creating a Healthier Environment......Page 620
The Environment and Your Health......Page 621
Climate Change......Page 623
The Impact of Pollution......Page 625
The Air You Breathe......Page 626
Working Toward Sustainability......Page 627
The Water You Drink......Page 629
Indoor Pollutants: The Inside Story......Page 630
Chemical Risks......Page 635
Invisible Threats......Page 637
Your Hearing Health......Page 639
Learn It/Live It......Page 641
Self Survey......Page 642
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 643
CHAPTER 20 A Lifetime of Health......Page 646
The Aging of America......Page 647
Successful Aging......Page 649
Sexuality and Aging......Page 654
The Challenges of Age......Page 655
Preparing for Medical Crises and the End of Life......Page 658
Death and Dying......Page 661
How We Die......Page 664
Suicide......Page 665
The Practicalities of Death......Page 666
Grief......Page 667
Self Survey......Page 669
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 673
Glossary......Page 674
References......Page 682
Index......Page 694