An introduction to distributed optical fibre sensors

Content: Cover 
 Half title 
 Series in Fiber Optic Sensors
 Title 
 Copyright
 Dedication 
 Contents
 Series Preface
 Foreword
 Preface
 Author
 List of Symbols
 List of Abbreviations
 Part ONE Fundamentals
 Chapter 1 Introduction
 1.1 The Concept of Distributed Optical Fibre Sensors
 1.1.1 Optical Fibre Sensors
 1.1.2 The Advent of Multiplexed Sensors
 1.1.3 Distributed Optical Fibre Sensors
 1.2 Historical Development of DOFS
 1.2.1 Optical TDR: An Enabling Technology
 1.2.2 Distributed Temperature Sensors
 1.2.3 Elastic and Inelastic Scattering
 1.2.4 Raman OTDR 1.2.5 Brillouin-Based Distributed Sensing1.2.6 Distributed Sensing with Rayleigh Backscatter
 1.3 Performance Criteria in Distributed Fibre-Optic Sensors
 1.3.1 Four Key Criteria
 1.3.1.1 Measurand resolution
 1.3.1.2 Range
 1.3.1.3 Spatial resolution
 1.3.1.4 Sampling resolution
 1.3.1.5 Measurement time
 1.3.2 Interplay between Performance Criteria
 1.3.3 Estimation of Key Performance Parameters
 1.3.4 Sensor Accuracy and Cross-Talk
 1.4 History of Commercialisation: Successes and Failures
 1.4.1 Raman DTS
 1.4.2 Commercial Brillouin-Based Distributed Strain and Temperature Sensors 1.4.3 Distributed Vibration Sensing1.5 Other Technologies
 1.6 Distributed Sensing and Dense Point Sensor Arrays
 1.7 Organisation of the Book
 References
 Chapter 2 Optical Fibre Technology
 2.1 Propagation in Optical Fibres
 2.1.1 Types of Optical Fibre
 2.1.1.1 Step-index multimode fibres
 2.1.1.2 Graded-index multimode fibres
 2.1.1.3 Single-mode optical fibres
 2.1.2 Loss Mechanisms
 2.1.2.1 Absorption
 2.1.2.2 Scattering
 2.1.2.3 Other loss mechanisms
 2.1.3 Bandwidth of Optical Fibres
 2.2 Construction of Optical Fibres
 2.3 Principal Components Used in Distributed Sensing Systems 2.3.1 Lasers2.3.1.1 Broad contact semiconductor lasers
 2.3.1.2 Fabry-Pérot single-mode laser diodes
 2.3.1.3 Semiconductor distributed feedback lasers
 2.3.1.4 External cavity feedback semiconductor lasers
 2.3.1.5 Semiconductor DFB lasers with active phase/frequency feedback
 2.3.1.6 Fibre DFB lasers
 2.3.1.7 Tunable lasers
 2.3.1.8 Symbols for optical sources
 2.3.2 Optical Amplifiers
 2.3.2.1 Doped fibre amplifiers
 2.3.2.2 Semiconductor optical amplifiers
 2.3.2.3 Symbol for optical amplifiers
 2.3.3 Fused-Taper Couplers
 2.3.4 Micro-Bulk Optics 2.3.5 Isolators, Circulators and Faraday Rotation Mirrors2.3.6 Fibre Bragg Gratings
 2.3.7 Modulators
 2.3.7.1 Acousto-optic modulators
 2.3.7.2 Electro-optic modulators
 2.3.8 Switches
 2.3.9 Polarisation Controllers
 2.3.10 Connectors and Splices
 2.3.11 Detectors
 2.3.12 Other Symbols
 References
 Chapter 3 Principles of Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry (OTDR) for Distributed Sensing
 3.1 Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry
 3.1.1 Single-Ended Measurement
 3.1.2 Double-Ended Measurement
 3.1.3 Capture Fraction
 3.1.4 Coherence Effects
 3.1.5 Signal Levels
 3.2 OTDR System Design