An Anthology of Structural Morphology

CONTENTS......Page 8
Preface......Page 6
1. The Background......Page 10
2. The Beginning......Page 11
3. Group Activities......Page 12
3.1.2. SMG2 – Stuttgart Seminar 1994......Page 13
3.1.3. SMG 3 – Nottingham Colloquium 1997......Page 15
3.1.4. SMG 4 – Delft Colloquium 2000......Page 16
3.1.5. SMG 5 – Montpellier Seminar (workshop) 2004......Page 17
3.2. SMG Newsletter......Page 18
3.3. SMG Activities at IASS Conferences e.g. Sessions, Meetings......Page 19
4. Further Recent SMG-Relevant Reading......Page 20
Acknowledgements......Page 22
2. An Approach to Structural Morphology R. Motro......Page 24
1.1.1. Structure......Page 25
1.1.2. System......Page 26
1.1.3. Structure and System......Page 28
1.2. Form and Structure......Page 29
1.3.1. Structures and Constructions......Page 30
1.3.3. Modelling the Design Process......Page 31
1.4. Structural Morphology......Page 32
2.1. Stone Cutting......Page 33
2.2. Geometry......Page 34
2.3. Bionics......Page 35
2.4. Equilibrium Forms......Page 37
3.1. Structural Morphology and Art......Page 38
3.2. Order and Harmony......Page 39
References......Page 40
3. The Structural Morphology of Curved Diaphragms — Or the Structural Behaviour of Floral Polyhedra T. Wester......Page 42
1. Basic Stability in 3-Dimensional Space......Page 43
3. Plane Faceted Polyhedra - Genus Zero......Page 44
4. Plane Faceted Polyhedra - Genus above Zero......Page 47
5. Infinite Polyhedra......Page 48
6. Floral Polyhedra......Page 49
References and Notes......Page 54
1. Definition of Polyhedra......Page 58
2. Regular and Semi Semi-Regular Polyhedra......Page 59
3. Index Numbers for Polyhedra......Page 60
4. Close-Packings......Page 62
5. Prisms and Antiprisms......Page 63
6. Augmentation......Page 64
7. Sphere Subdivisions......Page 65
8. Sphere Deformation......Page 66
9.2. Solitary Polyhedra......Page 67
10. 3D-Slide Presentation......Page 68
References......Page 70
1. Introduction......Page 72
2. An Example......Page 73
4. Sharp Novations......Page 74
5. Exponential Decay Novations......Page 75
6. Multiple Specifications......Page 78
7. Further Examples......Page 83
8. Indirect ED Novations......Page 86
9. Novation Function......Page 88
References......Page 90
1.1. Definitions and Scope......Page 92
1.4. Design and Evaluation Criteria......Page 96
2.2. Other DLG Bar Systems......Page 98
2.3. Strut-Cable Systems......Page 99
3.2. Reciprocal Grids and Ruled Surfaces......Page 100
4.2. Strut-Cable Systems......Page 101
5.1. Folded Plates......Page 102
5.2. Curved Surfaces......Page 103
6.1. Fabric and Hybrid Structures......Page 104
6.2. Pneumatic Structures......Page 105
7.1. General......Page 106
7.2. Double-Layer Pantographic Grids......Page 107
7.3. Double-Layer Bar Grids......Page 110
7.4. Strut-Cable Systems (DLGs)......Page 111
7.5. Angulated Scissors (SLG, retractable)......Page 112
7.6. Other Single-Layer Bar Grids......Page 113
7.7. Spines for Membrane and Hybrid Structures......Page 114
7.8. Plates......Page 115
7.9. Fabric Structures......Page 116
7.10. Pneumatic Structures......Page 117
7. Phantasy in Space: On Human Feeling Between the Shapes of the World and how to Look on Natural Structures M. Balz......Page 118
Hexatinellid Sponge - Glass Sponge......Page 123
Hexa Timella - Glass sponge......Page 124
Reference......Page 125
1. Introduction......Page 126
1.2. Classification......Page 93
1.3. Kinematics......Page 95
2.1. The Structure......Page 128
2.2. Type and Range of Expansion......Page 129
3. Numerical Models......Page 132
3.1. A Bar-and-Joint Structure......Page 133
3.2. An Alternative Model......Page 134
4. Analogies and Results......Page 137
Acknowledgements......Page 139
References......Page 140
1. Physical Models as Essential base of Design and Subsequent Reverse Engineering......Page 142
2. Geometrical/Mechanical Constraints Imposed Execution Feasible and Push Method Geometrical Reverse Engineering Applied on Design to make xecution and Subsequent Reverse Engineering. “Build Method” (B&P-Method) of Bridge Construction: to the Loisach Bridge......Page 144
3. Shape of an Existing Structure as Essential Constraint for Subsequent Reverse Engineering: Geometrical Reverse Engineering at Recent Optimisation Works at the Timber Shell Bad Dürrheim......Page 150
4. Conclusion......Page 152
References......Page 153
1. Introduction......Page 154
2. Symmetry......Page 155
3. Quasi-Symmetry......Page 156
4. The Adamantine Angle......Page 158
5. Vector Equilibrium and Stability......Page 160
6. Buckminsterfullerene......Page 161
7. Tensegrity......Page 162
References......Page 163
Introduction......Page 168
1. Brief Explanation of the Swivel Diaphragm System......Page 170
2.1. Diaphragm Morphology......Page 172
2.2. Module Designs......Page 174
3. Interconnections for Flat Grids......Page 175
3.1. The Fractal Method......Page 176
3.3. Equivalent Link Method......Page 178
Conclusion......Page 179
References......Page 180
1. Introduction......Page 182
2. Growth......Page 183
3. Seashell Geometry......Page 184
4. Formation of the Shell......Page 185
5. Digital Modeling......Page 186
6. Structural Optimization in Engineering — Seashell Structural Properties......Page 191
Conclusion......Page 194
References......Page 195
1. Introduction......Page 198
2. Background......Page 199
3. An Expandable Sphere......Page 203
4. Stack Structures......Page 205
5. An Expandable Blob......Page 207
References......Page 210