Algorithmic Democracy: A Critical Perspective Based on Deliberative Democracy

Acknowledgements
Introduction. How Can We Restrain the Advance of Algorithmic Democracy?
Contents
Part I: Framing Algorithmic Democracy
	Chapter 1: The Democratic Drift
		1.1 The Democratic Drift
		1.2 The New Democratic Revisionism
		1.3 Defining Algorithmic Democracy
		1.4 Two-Track Democracy
		Bibliography
Part II: Ethical and Political Challenges of Algorithmic Democracy
	Chapter 2: The Second Age of Artificial Intelligence
		2.1 The First Era of Artificial Intelligence
		2.2 The Second Age of Artificial Intelligence
		2.3 The Transformative Power of Artificial Intelligence
		2.4 Ethical and Political Challenges for Democracy
		Bibliography
	Chapter 3: The Virtual Politician: On Algorithm-Based Political Decision-Making
		3.1 The Paradox of Digitization: The Distrustful Trust in Algorithms
		3.2 Algorithmic Governance: Virtual Politicians
		3.3 The Principal Features of Algorithmic Governance
		3.4 A Critique of Algorithmic Governance: Ethical and Political Issues
		Bibliography
	Chapter 4: Digital Twins: On Algorithm-Based Political Participation
		4.1 Digital Twins: From Industrial Activity to Political Participation
		4.2 Augmented Democracy: An Approach Based on Digital Twins
		4.3 Design Principles and Implementation Requirements for Augmented Democracy
		4.4 The Ethical and Political Challenges of Augmented Democracy
		Bibliography
	Chapter 5: Platformization: The Dangers of the Artificial Public Sphere
		5.1 The Public Sphere as a Basic Requirement for Democracy
		5.2 Platformisation: A New Structural Change in the Public Sphere?
		5.3 Cyber-physical Ecosystems, Big Data, and Bots: The Dissolution of the Public Sphere
		5.4 Generative Social Bots: The Construction and Development of the Artificial Public Sphere
		Bibliography
	Chapter 6: Moral Learning by Algorithms: The Possibility of Developing Morally Intelligent Technology
		6.1 The Morality of the Thermostat
		6.2 From Artificial Neural Networks to Artificial Moral Intelligence
		6.3 Moral Machine Learning Models
		6.4 The Non-place of the Moral Machine
		6.5 Towards the Ethical Governance of Machines
		Bibliography
	Chapter 7: The Metaverse: Building a Digital Hyper-economy
		7.1 From the Digital Economy to the Artificial Hyper-economy
		7.2 Cryptoeconomics: Ethical Aspects of the NFT Revolution
		7.3 The Metaverse: The Gateway to the Inner World
		7.4 Metanomic Ethics: When the Real Matters
		Bibliography
Part III: Against Algorithmic Democracy: Scope and Ethical-Discursive Perspectives for an Expansion of Deliberative Democracy
	Chapter 8: Hyperethics: The Automation of Morality
		8.1 Deliberation: The Dialogic Transformation of Morality
		8.2 Datafication: The Algorithmic Transformation of Morality
		8.3 Hyperethics: The Algorithmic colonization of the Lifeworld
		8.4 The Ethical and Democratic Challenges Posed by Hyperethics
		Bibliography
	Chapter 9: A Critique of Algorithmic Reason
		9.1 Datapositivism: The New Positivism
		9.2 The Ideology of Algorithmic Neutrality
		9.3 The Construction of Algorithmic Culture
		9.4 Neuropower: From Neuropolitics to Neurodata
		9.5 Post-truth: The Power of Technopopulism
		Bibliography
	Chapter 10: Dialogic Digital Ethics: From Explicability to Participation
		10.1 Towards Dialogic Digital Ethics
		10.2 From the Desirable to the Possible
		10.3 The Principle of Explicability: From Transparency to the Need for Participation
		10.4 Institutional Design: The Role of Applied Ethics in the Democratic System
		Bibliography
	Chapter 11: A Critical Civil Society: An Ethical Framework to Control the Power of Algorithms
		11.1 Two-Way Democracy: The Value of Participation
		11.2 Applied Ethics: Structuring Civil Society
		11.3 A Participatory Model of Deliberative Democracy
		11.4 Ethical Principles for Institutional Design
		Bibliography
	Chapter 12: Institutional Design for the Development of Algorithmic Democracy
		12.1 Civil Society Institutions as Agents of Justice
		12.2 Ethics and Regulation: Handing Public Engagement with Big Tech
		12.3 Corporate Public Sphere: At the Core of Big Tech
		12.4 Spheres of Participation and Communication
			12.4.1 Ethics Lines and Blockchain
			12.4.2 Ethics Lines and Data Mining
			12.4.3 Explicability Report
		12.5 Spaces for Trust: Recovering Participation
		Bibliography
Index