Agricultural Chemicals and the Environment

Table of Contents......Page 0
Front Matter......Page 2
Preface......Page 7
Table of Contents......Page 9
1. The Nitrate Problem......Page 11
2. The Contribution of Fertilizer to the Nitrate Problem......Page 15
3. The Contribution of Factors other than Nitrogen Fertilizers to the Nitrate Problem......Page 27
4. What Can Be Said about the Long-Term Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer?......Page 31
5. Conclusions......Page 34
1. Introduction......Page 37
2. The Role of Agricultural Fertilizers in Aquatic Production......Page 38
3. The Factors Controlling Algal Blooms......Page 41
4. Sources of Nutrients......Page 43
5. Control of Eutrophication and Toxic Blooms......Page 45
6. Management Framework......Page 49
7. Conclusions......Page 50
2. Legislation......Page 52
4. Recognition of Pesticide Pollution......Page 53
5. The Harmonized Monitoring Scheme......Page 54
7. Impact on Drinking Water Sources......Page 56
9. Recent Pesticide Developments......Page 61
10. Environmental Significance......Page 62
11. Monitoring......Page 63
12. The Future......Page 64
13. Conclusion......Page 65
1. Introduction......Page 66
2. Ammonia......Page 68
3. Emissions of NO and N2O from Agricultural Soils......Page 80
4. Conclusions......Page 91
1. Introduction......Page 94
2. Commercial Implications of the Use of Drugs and Dietary Additives......Page 95
3. Compounds Encountered by Animals......Page 96
4. Effects in Animals......Page 99
5. Environmental Effects......Page 102
6. The Gut Microbial Flora......Page 104
7. Gastrointestinal Microorganisms and Feeding Strategy......Page 105
8. Microbial Fermentation, CO2 and CH4 Formation......Page 106
10. Methane and Ammonia Oxidation......Page 109
11. Microbial Transformations and Interactions with the Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzyme (XME) System......Page 110
12. Toxic Constituents of Plants......Page 112
13. Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance......Page 114
14. Conclusions......Page 115
15. Acknowledgements......Page 116
1. Introduction......Page 117
2. Production and Properties of Cyanobacterial Toxins......Page 119
3. Detection and Analysis of Cyanobacterial Toxins......Page 121
4. Risk Assessment of Cyanobacterial Toxins......Page 128
Subject Index......Page 131