Africa Case Studies in Operations Research: A Closer Look into Applications and Algorithms

Contents
Traveling Advisor Problem in Occupational Health and Safety Field with a Case Study from Egypt
	1 Introduction
	2 Occupational Health and Safety Advisory Problem
	3 Traveling Advisor Problem Vs. Traveling Salesman Problem
		3.1 The Traveling Salesman Problem: An Overview
		3.2 Main Differences Between TAP and TSP
	4 Traveling Advisor Problem with Single Advisor
	5 A Real Application Example
	6 Proposed Methodology
		6.1 Gaining-Sharing Knowledge-Based Optimization Algorithm (GSK)
		6.2 Binary Gaining-Sharing Knowledge-Based Optimization Algorithm (BGSK)
			6.2.1 Binary Initialization
			6.2.2 Binary Junior Gaining and Sharing Stage
			6.2.3 Binary Senior Gaining and Sharing Stage
	7 Experimental Results
	8 Conclusions and Points for Future Research
	References
Data Envelopment Analysis for Healthcare Systems Assessment: Review and Applications from Tunisia
	1 Introduction
	2 Main Features of the DEA Approach
		2.1 Main DEA Models
		2.2 Types of Scale Efficiency
		2.3 Calculation of the Efficiency Scores
		2.4 Identification of the Reference Peers (Benchmarking)
	3 Applications of the DEA in the Healthcare Field
		3.1 Macro-level-Based Studies
			3.1.1 One-Phase-DEA Models
			3.1.2 Two-Phases-DEA Models
		3.2 Conducted Studies Within a Single Hospital
			3.2.1 Integration of All DMUs
			3.2.2 Partial Integration of DMUs
	4 Applications in Tunisia
	5 Challenges and Opportunities
	6 Conclusion
	References
Artificial Intelligence and Operations Research in a Middle Ground to Support Decision-Making in Healthcare Systems in Africa
	1 Introduction
	2 AI & OR, Together for Better Healthcare Decision-Making
		2.1 Logistics and Management for Healthcare
			2.1.1 Patients´ Scheduling
			2.1.2 Other Resources´ Scheduling
			2.1.3 Capacity Planning
			2.1.4 Transport Routing
		2.2 Healthcare Practice Support
			2.2.1 Disease Diagnosis
			2.2.2 Treatment Planning
		2.3 Specialized and Preventive Care
			2.3.1 Organ Transplant
			2.3.2 Disease Prevention
	3 Challenges and Opportunities of AI Implementation to Solve Optimization Problems in Africa
		3.1 State of Art and Opportunities
		3.2 Challenges
			3.2.1 Inadequate Infrastructure
			3.2.2 Adoption Is Costly
			3.2.3 Data Is an Issue
			3.2.4 Legal & Policy Issues
	4 Conclusion
	References
A CODAS Disaggregation Approach for Urban Rainwater Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 The CODAS Method
	4 The Process of an Interactive Group Preference Disaggregation Approach
	5 Resolution of the Mathematical Program
	6 Case Study, Result, and Discussion
	7 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
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Evaluating How the Regulatory Ecosystem Promotes Entrepreneurial Activities in Africa
	1 Introduction
	2 Composite Indicators
		2.1 Principal Component Analysis
		2.2 Data Envelopment Analysis
	3 Case Study: Venture Initiations
	4 Results and Analysis
	5 Limitations of the Case Study
	6 Conclusion and Future Projects
	Bibliography
Exact Resolution for Healthcare Facility Location Problem: A Case Study of the Specific Pharmacy of Tunisia
	1 Introduction
	2 The Multi-Covering Tour Problem (M-CTP)
		2.1 Overview of the Literature for the M-CTP
		2.2 Notation and Model Formulation
	3 Computational Experiments
		3.1 Preparing Instances
		3.2 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Applications of Transportation Models in Africa
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Africa Infrastructure
		1.2 Impact of Africa Transportation Infrastructure on Economic Development
	2 Case Studies in Africa
		2.1 Routing Problems
			2.1.1 Vehicle Routing Problems
			2.1.2 Other Routing Issues
		2.2 Waste Management Problems
			2.2.1 Urbanization´s Impact on Waste Management
			2.2.2 Solid Waste Management Problems
			2.2.3 Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment
	3 Conclusion
	References
Operations Research Case Study Papers for Africa: A Bibliometric Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Data Collection and Analysis Methods
		2.1 Data Sources
		2.2 Methods
	3 The Current Status of OR Case Studies in Africa
		3.1 Publication and Citation Pattern Analysis
		3.2 Research Trends at a Disciplinary Level
		3.3 Major Contributors to OR-CSA: A Collaboration Analysis
			3.3.1 Co-authorship Network
			3.3.2 Co-institute Co-Country Network
	4 Research Hotspots and Research Trend: The Intellectual Base
		4.1 Co-citation Analysis
		4.2 Timeline-View Analysis
		4.3 The Intellectual Base
	5 Research Frontiers and Major Milestones
	6 Conclusion
	References
Economic Resilience and Foreign Development Aid: Lessons from Sub-Saharan Africa
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Data Description
	4 Method of Study
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
Fintech Adoption for Poverty Alleviation in African Countries: Application of Supervised Machine Learning Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Data Description and Methodology
	4 Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References