Advancing Criminology and Criminal Justice Policy

Cover
Half Title
Endorsements
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
List of illustrations
Notes on contributors
Acknowledgements
Volume introduction
	References
Part I Introduction
	Introduction: Evidence, evaluation, and strategies for moving criminal justice policy forward
	Chapter 1 Evidence-informed criminal justice policy: Looking back, moving forward
		Looking back: the growth of evidence-informed policy
		Federal contributions to evidence-informed policy
		State, local, and NGO contributions
		Moving forward: recommendations for sustaining growth
		Conclusion
		Note
		References
	Chapter 2 Policy evaluation and assessment
		Introduction
		Evaluation versus assessment
		Policies
		Bad policies: the perils of extremes, anecdotes (“evidence”), and no or weak empirical research
			Extremes
			Anecdotes (“evidence”)
			No, or weak, empirical research
		Use of the evaluation hierarchy to define, develop, and identify “good” policies
		Benefits of policy evaluation
		Institutionalize policy evaluation
		Causal uncertainty
		Conclusion
		Note
		References
	Chapter 3 The role of theory, ideology, and ethics in criminal justice policy
		Introduction
		Theory
		Ideology
		Ethics
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 4 Translational criminology: A new path forward
		Introduction
		Translational criminology
		Benefits of translational criminology in a policy context
		Challenges to translational criminology in a policy context
		Concrete steps: moving forward
		Notes
		References
Part II Crime prevention
	Introduction: Individual, family, and community prevention programs
	Chapter 5 Juvenile delinquency prevention programs
		Family-based prevention
			Home visiting programs
			Parent management training
			Programs for older children
			Multisystemic therapy
		School-based prevention
			Pre-school programs
			School programs
		Skills training
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 6 Opportunities for public policies to strengthen families and prevent crime
		The family context and crime prevention
		Opportunities for public policy
		References
	Chapter 7 Community crime prevention
		Introduction: The dominant role of community crime prevention
		The undermining of community crime prevention by official action
		Programmatic community crime prevention interventions
			The weakness of broad “prevention” approaches
			Targeted community crime prevention approaches: the record and the challenges
		Lessons
		Notes
	Chapter 8 Situational crime prevention
		Introduction
		The situational approach to crime prevention
		Theoretical underpinnings
		Evidence of effectiveness
			Methodological issues in SCP evaluation
		Implications for policy and practice
		Notes
		References
Part III Policing and court sentencing
	Introduction: Policing
	Chapter 9 Community policing
		Community policing in the United States
		The effectiveness of community policing
		Challenges of community policing
		Moving forward: community policing in practice
		Conclusion and directions for future research
		Note
		References
	Chapter 10 Problem-oriented policing: Evidence v. framing in implementation success
		The problem
		What is problem-oriented policing and what is a problem?
		Problem-oriented policing and crime science
		Does problem-oriented policing work?
		Difficulties with implementing POP
		Problem frames and POP
		Conclusions
		Note
		References
	Chapter 11 The science and practice of hot-spots policing
		Introduction
		Theoretical perspectives on hot-spots policing
			The concentration and stability of crime at places
			Crime prevention perspectives
		The empirical evidence on hot-spots policing and crime control
			Campbell systematic review of the effects of hot-spots policing and crime
		What we need to know most: how hot-spots policing programs affect police legitimacy
		Conclusion
		References
	Introduction: Court sentencing
	Chapter 12 Mandatory minimum penalties: Evidence-based consequences and recommendations for policy and legal reform
		Introduction
		Mandatory minimum sentencing policy
		Evidence-based findings of the consequences of mandatory minimum penalties
		Response to evidence-based consequences of mandatory minimum penalties
		Note
		References
		Statutes
		Supreme court cases
	Chapter 13 Sentencing disparities
		Introduction
		Research on racial, ethnic, and gender disparity in sentencing
		Race and ethnic disparity is conditional on gender and context
			Gendered racial and ethnic disparity
			Social contexts and sentencing disparity
		Sentencing disparity and sentencing policy
		Sentencing guidelines
		Mandatory minimums
		Sentencing risk assessments
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	Chapter 14 Sex offender legislation and policy
		The current state of research, policy, and practice
		Registration and community notification policies
		Residence restriction policies
		Civil commitment policies
		Alignment of policy and practice with empirical research
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 15 Drug courts and drug policy
		Introduction
		Background
		Effectiveness of drug courts
		Target population
		Fidelity to the model
		The policy environment
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	Chapter 16 Did the Gregg decision overcome the arbitrary and discriminatory use of the death penalty...
		Introduction
		Arbitrariness and the death penalty
			Geographic arbitrariness
			Culpability arbitrariness
			Prosecutorial arbitrariness
			Gubernatorial arbitrariness
			Jury arbitrariness
			Judicial arbitrariness
		Is there racial discrimination in the use of the death penalty?
			GAO study
			Baldus study
			Blume study
			Donohue study
			Racial prejudice and the death penalty
			Stereotypical ‘Blackness’ and death sentencing
			The American Law Institute (ALI)
		Conclusion
		References
Part IV Corrections and rehabilitation
	Introduction: Community corrections
	Chapter 17 Improving correctional supervision: What does the research tell us?
		Introduction
		The failure of focusing on control
		The search for the magic caseload size
		Use of technology
		The search continues
		Reducing recidivism and changing behavior
		Risk-need-responsivity principles
		Real world application of the RNR framework
		RNR frameworks for community supervision
		Summary and conclusions
		Note
		References
	Chapter 18 Smart sentencing revisited: Assessing the policy/practice implications of research ...
		Introduction: intermediate sanctions as a “smart” sentencing strategy
		The target population for intermediate sanctions: risk vs. stakes
		Electronic monitoring
		Intensive probation supervision
		Boot camps
		Split sentencing
		Other intermediate sanctions: day fines, community service, and residential community corrections
		Conclusions and policy recommendations
		References
	Introduction: Incarceration
	Chapter 19 Confinement in local jails: Institutions and their clients neglected by criminologists
		Introduction
		What are jails and how do they differ from prisons?
		The volume of inmates local jails and prisons receive, release and house
		Comparison of one city jail to the 50 state prison systems
		Limited knowledge on jails
		Services available to inmates in local jails
		Job training and education
		Substance abuse treatment
		Mental health services in jails
		Jail budgets and expenditures
		Discussion and conclusions
		Note
		References
	Chapter 20 Does a prison term prevent or promote more crime?
		Introduction
		A model of the prison experience: moderating and mediating effects
		Summary of the research on the effect of a term of prison and prison time served
		Inferential limitations
		The effect of prison security level
		Community release conditions
		Future research, current policy implications
		Notes
		References
	Introduction: Reentry and recidivism reduction programs
	Chapter 21 Reentry from incarceration to community: A convergence of practices based on scientific evidence...
		Introduction
		The transition process for reentry
		Housing
		Employment
		Social support networks
		Substance abuse treatment
		Parole supervision or reentry supervision
		Conclusion
		Note
		References
	Chapter 22 The effects of prison programming
		Introduction
		Literature review
		Considerations
		Conclusions
		Notes
		References
	Chapter 23 The challenge of integrating restorative justice into the “deep-end” of criminal justice
		Restorative justice and evidence-based research
		Case study: visions of a “restorative county”
		The challenge of branching into the deep-end
		Acknowledgements
		Notes
		References
	Chapter 24 Juvenile justice education
		Introduction
		Empirical research regarding juvenile justice education
		History of juvenile justice education
		Florida’s juvenile justice education system: a case illustration
		Conclusion
		References
	Introduction: Special populations
	Chapter 25 Inmates with serious mental illnesses: Current knowledge and challenges for practice
		The nature and extent of PSMI in prisons
			Overview
			Prevalence estimates
			Mentally ill inmates’ needs
		Correctional practices for PSMI
			Psychiatric treatment
			Disciplinary procedures
			Inmate suicide
			Classification and capacity management
		Moving forward
		References
	Chapter 26 Women’s incarceration and motherhood: Policy considerations
		Introduction
		Trends in women’s incarceration
		Over classified; over policed
		Parenting concerns of incarcerated women
		Policies impacting imprisoned mothers
			Prison parenting
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 27 Aging and dying in prison: At the intersection of crime, costs, and health care
		Introduction
		The scope and origins of a correctional problem
		Correctional health care needs and costs
		Policy and program responses
		Conclusions
		Notes
		References
	Chapter 28 Native American criminal justice Toward evidence-based policies and practices
		Introduction
		Historical context
		Crime and criminal justice in Indian country
		Native American law enforcement
		Native American court systems
		Criminal detention on Native American reservations
		Toward evidence-based Native American criminal justice
		References
Part V Conclusion
	Introduction: The future of criminology and criminal justice policy
	Chapter 29 Mass incarceration, the carceral state, and evidence-based research
		The slippery concept of “recidivism”
		The recidivism-crime connection
		Racial disparities and evidence-based research
		Methodological rabbit hole
		New research frontiers on mass incarceration and the carceral state
		Emergence of the carceral state
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	Chapter 30 The media and criminal justice policy and practices
		Introduction
		Crime news and criminal justice
		Setting the social problem agenda
		New media, crime, and justice
		Recommendations for practitioners
			1: Conduct rigorous research and criminal justice practice evaluations
			2: Raise your media consciousness
			3: Recognize that punitive effects are the most common result of media attention
			4: Become aware of unintended consequences of media
			5: Become aware of media-generated moral panics and new media’s role
			6: Become a news-making criminologist
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 31 Cost-effective and accountable criminal justice policy
		Introduction
		What works: evidence-based policy
		Pay for success and social impact bonds
		Justice reinvestment
		References
	Chapter 32 The utility of findings from biosocial research for public policy
		Introduction
		Key findings from biosocial research
		Integrating biosocial findings into criminal justice policies
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 33 Bringing evidence into criminal justice policy
		Introduction
		Contrast with the medical field
		Complexities of the evidence models
		The complex choice environment
		Research approaches to provide evidence
		Strengthening the link between evidence and policy
		References
Index