Advances in Neutron Capture Therapy

Front Matter....Pages i-xxx
Review of Reactor-Based Neutron Beam Development for Bnct Applications....Pages 1-7
Evaluation of Neutron Irradiation Fields for Bnct by Using Absorbed Dose in a Phantom....Pages 9-13
Analysis of Filtered Neutron Beams At Hifar....Pages 15-20
Filtered Neutron Beam Measurements at Hifar....Pages 21-24
Preclinical Tests for Neutron Capture Therapy on the Lvr-15 Reactor....Pages 25-28
Study on Remodeling the Heavy Water Facility of the Kyoto University Reactor for Neutron Capture Therapy from the Concept of Neutron Energy Spectrum Control....Pages 29-32
Improvement of Thermal Neutron Fluence for Bnct Treatment of Deep—Seated Tumors: Simulation Calculation and Phantom Experiments....Pages 33-36
The Sensitivity of Research Reactor Based Bnct Irradiation Facility Performance to Core Conversion from High to Low Enriched Uranium Fuels....Pages 37-41
Neutron Spectrum Determination for the Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Program in Thailand....Pages 43-46
A Standardized Method for Beam Design in Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 47-51
Application of Fricke Dosimetry for Bnct....Pages 53-57
Nuclear Characterisation of the Hfr Petten Bnct Facility....Pages 59-65
A Comparison of Epithermal Neutron Beams for Nct: Effect of Beam Collimation on Therapy Parameters....Pages 67-70
Physics Parameters for an Epithermal—Neutron Beam at the Georgia Institute of Technology....Pages 71-74
Enhancement of the Epithermal Neutron Beam at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor....Pages 75-79
Epithermal BNCT Neutron Beam Design for a Triga II Reactor....Pages 81-84
Generating Epithermal Neutron Beams for Neutron Capture Therapy in Small Reactors....Pages 85-88
Epithermal and Fast Neutron Spectrum Measurement at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor (Bmrr)....Pages 89-93
Accelerator-Based Epithermal Neutron Beams for Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 95-98
Effect of Variations in the RBE on the Design of an AENIF for BNCT....Pages 99-103
Low Energy Accelerator-Based Neutron Sources for Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 105-108
An Epithermal Neutron Beam from the MURR and from an Accelerator Source Compared to the Beam at the BMRR....Pages 109-113
Monte Carlo Shielding Analysis for an Accelerator Epithermal Neutron Irradiation Facility (AENIF) in a Conventional X-Ray Irradiation Room....Pages 115-118
Accelerator Neutron Irradiation Facility for Hospital-Based Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 119-123
On the Study of Energy Spectra and Angular Distributions of the Neutrons Emitted from a Beryllium Target Bombarded with 4-MeV Protons for Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 125-129
Californium-Based Epithermal Neutron Beams for Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 131-134
Cf-252 Neutrons for the Treatment of Superficial Carcinomas....Pages 135-137
Cf-252 Neutron Therapy and Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 139-141
Analytical Dosimetry and Treatment Planning for BNCT....Pages 143-146
Potential MCNP Enhancements for NCT....Pages 147-151
Post Treatment Dose Distribution Evaluation for a Recent NCT Patient....Pages 153-157
Measurements and Calculations for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Treatment Planning....Pages 159-163
Dose Calculation and Treatment Planning for the Brookhaven NCT Facility....Pages 165-169
SBNCT Plan: A 3-Dimensional Treatment Planning System for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 171-175
Removal-Diffusion Theory for Calculation of Neutron Distributions in BNCT....Pages 177-180
Possibility of Application of Acoustic Pulse Generation to Dose Distribution Monitoring during Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 181-183
Refinements of Monte Carlo Calculations for BNCT at the Brookhaven Medical Reactor....Pages 185-189
The Effect of Incident Neutron Energy and Tumor Depth in BNCT Study....Pages 191-195
Modified Advantage Depth and Maximum Therapeutic Depth in Thermal Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 197-200
Biological Effectiveness of Recoil Protons from Neutrons of Energy 5 keV to 5 MeV....Pages 201-205
On the Development of a Scintillation Spectrometer for Comparison of Neutron Energy Spectra at High and Low Flux....Pages 207-211
Microdosimetry and Compound Factors for Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 213-216
Analytical Dose Calculation in Cell Nucleus from Spherical 10 B Containing Region and a Concept of RBE for Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 217-220
Monte Carlo Calculation of Microdosimetry in Nitrogen and Boron Neutron Capture Reactions....Pages 221-224
Gadolinium as an Element for Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 225-229
Monte Carlo Dose Distribution of Gadolinium NCT for Brain Tumors of Different Site and Level of Necrosis....Pages 231-234
Evaluation of Depth-Dose Distributions for Gadolinium Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 235-239
Gadolinium Neutron Capture Therapy: Growth Suppression of Ehrlich Ascites and Subcutaneously-Implanted Tumor Cells in Mice....Pages 241-243
Biological Dosimetry for Gadolinium Neutron Capture Reaction....Pages 245-248
Capture of p-Boronophenylalanine by Melanin-Related Compounds: Complex Formation of p-Boronophenylalanine with L-Dopa....Pages 249-252
Proposed Mechanism of Capture and Release of p-Boronophenylalanine in Melanoma Cells: Chemical Behavior of p-Boronophenylalanine-Fructose Complex in L-Dopa Solution....Pages 253-256
Relation between Structures of p-Boronopiienylalanine Related Compounds and Their Usefulness for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 257-260
Synthesis of o - and m -Boronophenylalanine....Pages 261-264
Synthesis of Carboranylphenylalanine for Potential Use in Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 265-268
Asymmetric Synthesis of Carboranyl Amino Acids with Potential Use in BNCT....Pages 269-272
Novel Carboranyl Amino Acids and Peptides....Pages 273-276
Enantioselective Synthesis of an Unnatural Amino Acid, L-Carboranylalanine....Pages 277-280
Synthesis and Evaluation of Carborane-Containing Amino Acids for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 281-284
Synthesis, Antiviral Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Cellular Pharmacology of 5-Carboranyl-Pyrimidine Nucleosides....Pages 285-288
Synthesis of Carborane-Containing Nucleosides, Nucleotides, and Carbohydrates for Bnct....Pages 289-292
Novel Carboranyl Diols and Their Derived Phosphate Esters....Pages 293-296
Ether Lipids as Potential Boron Carriers for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy: Synthesis of rac -1-(9- o -Carboranyl)nonyl-2-Methyl-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine (B-Et-11-OMe)....Pages 297-300
A Boronated Metalloporphyrin for use in Neutron Capture Therapy and Magnetic Resonance Contrast Enhancement of Glioma....Pages 301-303
Synthesis and Biological Properties of Carboranylaziridine....Pages 305-308
Preparation of Meta -Carboranylpropyl-2-Nitroimidazole Derivatives for Application to BNCT....Pages 309-313
Hypoxia-Selective Cellular Toxicity of Carboranyl-Nitroimidazole....Pages 315-318
Preparation of Meta -Carborane Derivatives by Thermal Rearrangement in a Small Scale Laboratory Apparatus.....Pages 319-323
Carbonyl Nonahydrodecaborate(1-): A Versatile Synthon for Functionalized Borane Anions....Pages 325-328
Synthesis of Monocarbon Carboranes with Potential for Application in 10 B Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 329-332
Synthesis and Evaluation of Amine Reactive Carboranyl Derivatives for Application to Boron-10 Containing Polymers....Pages 333-337
Synthesis and Preliminary in Vivo Toxicity Evaluation of an Iodinated Sulfidoborate....Pages 339-343
Boron Delivery to Tumors Mediated by Macromolecules and Vesicles....Pages 345-350
In Vivo Distribution of Boronated Monoclonal Antibodies and Starburst Dendrimers....Pages 351-355
Binding of Boronated Polylysine to Immunoglobulin by Way of Glycoside Moieties: Immunoreactivity and Boron Content....Pages 357-360
Boronated Peptides and Nucleic Acid Components for Nct....Pages 361-365
Targeting of Boronated Anti-Afp MoAB to Hepatoma Cells: Applications of Boronated MoAB for BNCT....Pages 367-370
Epidermal Growth Factor as a Potential Targeting Agent for Delivery of 10 B to Malignant Gliomas....Pages 371-375
Evaluation of a 10 B-Labelled DNA Ligand....Pages 377-381
Synthesis and Evaluation of 157 Gd-Labelled DNA Ligands....Pages 383-387
Chemical and Enzymatic Incorporation of Boron into DNA....Pages 389-393
Liposomal Delivery of Boron to Murine Tumors for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 395-398
Low Density Lipoprotein Reconstitutions with Alkyl and Aryl Carboranes....Pages 399-402
A Rapid Method for the Direct Analysis of Boron in Whole Blood by Atomic Emission Spectroscopy....Pages 403-407
Quantification of Boron in Biological Tissue by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry....Pages 409-412
Ftir Spectrometry for the Assay of Polyhedral Boron Compounds in Plasma....Pages 413-417
Prompt Gamma-Ray Analysis to Determine 10 B Concentrations....Pages 419-422
Probing Boronated Nucleoside Utilization by Glioma Cells Using Ion Microscopy....Pages 423-427
Subcellular Localization Study of Boronated Uridine and Glucose Derivatives in Cell Cultures Using Ion Microscopy....Pages 429-433
The Analysis of Boron in Dextran-Sulfhydrylborane Conjugates....Pages 435-438
Determination of Strongly Protein-Bound Borocaptate Species by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with on-Line Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy Detection of Boron....Pages 439-443
Optimisation of Neutron Capture Radiography for Analysis of Boron-10 in Tissues....Pages 445-448
The Application of an Alpha Autoradiographic Technique for Determination of Boron-10 Concentrations in a Study of Intratumoral Injection of BSH and CBU-2’....Pages 449-451
NMR Studies of the Interaction of Borocaptate Sodium with Serum Albumin....Pages 453-457
Purity and Quality Determinations of Borocaptate Sodium....Pages 459-463
Determination of p-Boronophenylalanine in Biological Tissues with High Performance Liquid Chromatography....Pages 465-468
Large Animal Studies on the Use of BNCT for the Treatment of Brain Tumors....Pages 469-475
Lessons Learned from Hypoxic Sensitizer and Photodynamic Therapy Research of Potential Use to BNCT....Pages 477-483
RG2 Rat Glioma Model: Influence of the Blood-Brain Barrier on Biodistribution of Boronsulfhydryl....Pages 485-490
 In Vivo Pharmacokinetics of a Boron Neutron Capture Agent in a Tumor-Bearing Rat Via Boron-11 MRS and MRI....Pages 491-494
Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Boronophenylalanine Following Intraperitoneal Injection in Nude Rats with Intracerebral Melanoma....Pages 495-499
Uptake of 10 B in Gliosarcomas Following the Injection of Glutathione Monoethyl Ester and Sulfhydryl Borane....Pages 501-504
Biodistribution of a Boronated Porphyrin in BC-1 Mammary Carcinoma....Pages 505-508
Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in Partially Deuterated Rat Brain....Pages 509-512
Cardiovascular Toxicities Associated with Intravenous Administration of P-Boronophenylalanine Formulations....Pages 513-517
Treatment of Intracerebral Malignant Melanoma Using a Rat Model and L-Boronophenylalanine as the Capture Agent....Pages 519-523
Effects of Fractionation of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy in a Mouse Glioma Model....Pages 525-528
Californium-252 Brachytherapy of Intracerebral Melanoma with and without Administration of Boronophenylalanine Utilizing a Nude Rat Model....Pages 529-533
 In Vivo Studies in NCT with a Boronated Porphyrin and Tumor Growth Delay as an End Point....Pages 535-539
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy: Skin and Spinal Cord Tolerance....Pages 541-545
An Intra-Pancreatic and Hepatic Nude Mouse Cancer Xenograft Model for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 547-550
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) of F98 Glioma Bearing Rats Using Boronophenylalanine (BPA) as a Capture Agent....Pages 551-555
Histological Examination of Murine Melanoma Xenografts in the Nude Mouse Model: Pre and Post Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 557-560
Evaluation of Dose Components for Healthy Tissue Tolerance Studies on Dogs at the HFR Petten....Pages 561-564
Dose Effect Comparisons between HFR and BMRR Irradiated Dogs with Respect to Healthy Tissue Tolerance....Pages 565-569
Developments in Healthy Tissue Tolerance Studies as a Precondition for Clinical Application of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 571-574
Brain Effects Observed in the Canine Healthy Tissue Tolerance Studies for BNCT with Borocaptate Sodium at the Epithermal Neutron Beam of the HFR, Petten....Pages 575-578
Pharmacokinetics of Borocaptate Sodium in Canine Head Determined by 11 B Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy....Pages 579-583
Bioavailability of Intravenous Formulations of P-Boronophenylalanine in Dog and Rat....Pages 585-589
Computer Modeling the Boron Compound Factor in Normal Brain Tissue....Pages 591-595
Computer Modeling the Boron Compound Factor in Brain Tumors....Pages 597-601
Determination of Fast—Neutron Dose Distributions in the Canine Central Nervous System....Pages 603-606
Dose Optimization for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy of Spontaneous Canine Brain Tumors....Pages 607-611
Cellular Uptake, Subcellular Distribution and In Vitro Toxicity of Carboranyl Uridines....Pages 613-617
 In Vivo and in Vitro Uptake of Boronated Compounds by B16-BL6 Murine Melanoma....Pages 619-622
The Use of Boron Neutron Capture for the Treatment of Pituitary Tumors....Pages 623-628
Characteristics of Melanoma Cells Regarding Binding of Carboranylalanine and Effects of Boron Neutron Capture....Pages 629-632
Irradiation of Single Cells with Individual High-Let Particles....Pages 633-638
Thermal Neutron Capture Therapy Using 10 B 1 -Bpa: Inducement of Marked Lethal Effect on Melanoma Cells Irrespective of X-Ray Sensitivity....Pages 639-643
Bibenzimidazoles as Radioprotectors Against Bnc-Induced Dna Damage....Pages 645-648
Rbe: A Useful Concept in Neutron Therapy and Bnct?....Pages 649-652
A Comparison of the Dose-Rbe and the Biological Dosimetry Approaches for Treatment Planning in Bnct....Pages 653-657
A PC-Based Computer Program for the Estimation of the Radiation Dose in in Vitro and in Vivo Boron Neutron Capture Irradiation Experiments....Pages 659-663
New Dimensions of Boron Thermal Neutron Capture Therapy in Neurosurgery....Pages 665-669
Thermal Neutron Capture Therapy for Brain Stem and Skull Base Tumors: Heavy Water and Multiportal Neutron Delivery....Pages 671-675
A Treatment Protocol for Bnct of Malignant Gliomas with Borocaptate Sodium (BSH) and Epithermal Neutrons....Pages 677-681
Experiences of BNCT Using the KUR....Pages 683-687
Clinical Experience with Bnct for Malignant Brain Tumors....Pages 689-693
Current Standard Boron Neutron Capture Therapy with Shionogi’s Mercaptoundecahydrododecaborate for Malignant Glioma....Pages 695-698
Endovascular Boron Neutron Capture Radiotherapy for Giant Arteriovenous Malformations....Pages 699-703
Selective Melanoma Thermal Neutron Capture Therapy for Lymph Node Metastases....Pages 705-710
Deuteriation Trials for Neutron Capture Therapy of Deep-Seated Melanoma Lesions....Pages 711-714
Correlation of Bsh Uptake with CT-Scan Contrast Enhancement in Patients with Intracranial Tumors....Pages 715-717
Update on Biodistribution of Borocaptate Sodium (BSH) in Patients with Intracranial Tumors....Pages 719-726
Results of Continued Clinical Investigations of BSH in Patients with Malignant Glioma....Pages 727-730
 111 In- and 99m Tc-Labeled Low Density Lipoprotein Uptake by High-Grade Gliomas....Pages 731-733
The Biodistribution of p-Boronophenylalanine-Fructose in Human Patients with Glioma and Metastatic Melanoma....Pages 735-738
On the Progress Towards Clinical Trials at Petten (Post-Sydney)....Pages 739-743
Designing a Treatment Room for BNCT Clinical Trials at the HFR, Petten....Pages 745-748
Federal and Institutional Approvals Necessary Prior to A U.S. Clinical Trial of Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 749-752
Preparations for Clinical Trials at the MIT Reactor and the New England Medical Center....Pages 753-756
Procedures for the Medical Application of Research Reactors....Pages 757-759
A Proposal for Low Dose Rate Beam Therapy for Glioblastoma....Pages 761-768
Roundtable Discussion on Neutron Capture Therapy....Pages 769-774
“Summing UP”: The Physics of NCT....Pages 775-779
Compound Development and Analytical Studies....Pages 781-787
Summing UP: Biological Studies Relating to BNCT....Pages 789-797
Summing UP: Clinical Papers....Pages 799-805
Back Matter....Pages 807-829