Advances in heat transfer

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List of contributors
Analyses of buoyancy-driven convection
	Introduction
	Prediction of Nusselt number
		Lessons from forced convection
	Governing equations
		Reynolds averaged equations for the mean flow and heat transport
		Laminar DHVC solution
	Dimensional analysis of buoyancy-driven convection
		Dimensional analysis of laminar DHVC
		Dimensional analysis of turbulent DHVC
	Review of scaling patch approach
		Layer structure of turbulent channel flow
		Steps in scaling patch approach
	Scaling analysis of laminar DHVC
	Scaling analysis of the mean momentum equation in turbulent DHVC
		Layer structure of the mean momentum balance equation
		Properties of the Reynolds shear stress
		Outer scaling of the mean momentum equation
		Inner scaling of the mean momentum equation
		7.5 Meso scaling of the mean momentum equation
	Scaling analysis of the mean heat equation
		Layer structure of the mean heat equation
		Properties of the turbulent temperature flux Rwθ
		Outer scaling of the mean heat equation
			Alternative scaling of the turbulent temperature flux
		Inner scaling of the mean heat equation
		Scaling patches in the mean heat equation
	New prediction of Nusselt number
	Summary and conclusions
	Acknowledgments
	References
Convective heat transfer in different porous passages
	Introduction
	The governing equations
		Physical interpretation of relaxation times
		Energy equations with dimensionless coordinates and time
	Micro-scale bio-heat diffusion
		Boundary and initial conditions
		Uncoupling-based solution method
		Dual-phase lag bio-heat diffusion equation
		Transformations of the dependent variable: The DPL equation
		Temperature solution in finite regular tissues
		Temperature solution in a laser-irradiated biological tissue
	Transient thermal diffusion in porous devices
		Transient temperature field with a moving fluid
		Transient temperature field with stationary fluid
	Steady state heat transfer to flow in porous passages
		Formulation of heat transfer in porous ducts
		Porous ducts with no-axial conduction
			First solution
			Second solution
			Circular pipes
			An alternative method of solution
		Porous ducts with axial conduction
			Parallel plate ducts
			Solution
			Circular ducts
			Solution
		Orthogonality condition and the determination of coefficients
			Parallel plate channels
			Circular pipes
		Frictional heating effects
	Rapidly switched heat regenerators in counterflow
		Mathematical formulation for cyclic steady operation
		Slowly- and rapidly-switched heat regenerators
		General solution of the gas energy equation
		``Cold´´ particles
			Blow period
			Reverse period
		``Hot´´ particles
			Reverse period
			Blow period
		``Internal´´ particles
			Blow period
			Reverse period
		Fluid temperature solution
		Effectiveness and heat stored in the regenerator
	Concluding remarks
	References
Heat exchange between the human body and the environment: A comprehensive, multi-scale numerical simulation
	Introduction
		Overall solution domain geometry
	Numerical methods
	Bioheat modeling
		Pennes´ solution geometry
		Numerical methods for the investigation into Pennes´ model
		Pennes´ model boundary conditions
		Pennes´ model computational grid and convergence
		Pennes´ model thermophysical properties
	Pennes´ model results
		Heat transfer from the skin surface
		Quantitative Pennes´ model temperature comparisons
	Computational grid and convergence of the wind chill model
		Boundary conditions
		Thermophysical properties
		Initial conditions
	Results
		Comparison of published Nusselt number correlations
		Simulation validation using cylinder Nusselt number correlations
		New facial Nusselt number correlation
		Comparison of predicted facial temperatures with measured values
		Temperature contour diagrams
		Discussion of wind chill
		Predicted facial temperatures
	Concluding remarks
	References
Pressure drop and heat transfer in the entrance region of microchannels
	Introduction
	Entrance length
		Hydrodynamic entrance length
		Thermal entrance length
	Circular microchannels
	Parallel plate microchannels
	Rectangular microchannels
		Continuous flow in the entrance region
		Slip flow in the entrance region
			Developing velocity profiles
			Effects of aspect ratio and Knudsen number
		Hydrodynamic development length
	Elliptical microchannels
		Fully developed flow and heat transfer
		Laminar flow in the entrance region
		Heat Transfer in the entrance region
			Simultaneously developing flow
			Hydrodynamically fully developed flow
		Entrance length
			Simultaneously developing flow
			Hydrodynamically fully developed flow
	Microchannel plate fin heat sinks
		Liquid slip entrance flow
		Nanofluid entrance flow
			Effect of Reynolds number
			Effect of aspect ratio
			Effect of particle volume fraction
	Acknowledgments
	References
Predicting mesoscale spectral thermal conductivity using advanced deterministic phonon transport techniques
	Introduction
		The phonon gas
		Frequency-dependent phonon transport
		Thermal interfacial resistance
		Convergence performance of phonon transport methods
	Methodology
		The Boltzmann transport equation for phonons
			Spectral phonon transport
			Multigroup gray phonon transport
			Frequency-independent gray phonon transport
			Spectral phonon diffusion
		Weak forms of the multigroup phonon transport equations
			Self-adjoint angular flux formulation
			Spatial discretization
			Multigroup gray method
			Frequency-independent gray method-Finite difference
		Weak form of the multigroup phonon diffusion equation
			Spatial discretization
		Derivation of energy conservation
		Interface conditions
			Diffuse mismatch model
		Uncertainty quantification
		Material property development
			First-order phonon transport properties
			Determination of the phonon mean free path
			Decomposition into transport groups
	Results
		Spectral phonon transport
			Spectral phonon transport in silicon
		Frequency-independent gray phonon transport
			Single crystal uranium dioxide
			Thermal conductivity in z-axis graphite
			Thermal conductivity of Si with uncertainty quantification
			Silicon nanowires in germanium superstructure
			Xenon bubble in uranium dioxide
	Convergence studies
		Four-group data set
		Test problem A
		Test problem B
	Conclusions
	Acknowledgments
	References
An overview of mathematical models and modulated-heating protocols for thermal ablation
	Introduction
		The clinical aspect: Why induced hyperthermia is so important
		What is thermal ablation?
		How to quantify damage
		Ablation procedures
		Scope of the present chapter
	Modeling
		Thermal problem
		Heat source term modeling
	Modulated-heating protocols
		Radiofrequency ablation
		Microwave ablation
	Conclusions
	References
Thermal stimulation of targeted neural circuits via remotely controlled nano-transducers: A therapy for ne ...
	Introduction
		Neurodegenerative disorders
		Magnetothermal stimulation
	Thermal field characterization
		Blood flow analysis
			Blood flow homogeneity
			Blood rheology
			Pulsatile blood flow
		Brain capillary analysis
		Average thermophysical properties
	Thermal models for nano transducers injected into brain capillaries
		Single phase approach; homogenous method
		Two-phase approach; Eulerian-Lagrangian method
		Nanoparticle dynamics
			Drag force
			Gravity force
			Lift force
			Brownian force
			Thermophoretic force
			Pressure gradient force
			Virtual mass force
	Neuro-signaling model
	Concluding remarks
	Acknowledgment
	References