Advances in Cryogenic Engineering Materials

Front Matter....Pages i-xix
Structural Alloys for High Field Superconducting Magnets....Pages 1-22
Requirements for Structural Alloys for Superconducting Magnet Cases....Pages 23-32
Cryogenic Fe-Mn Austenitic Steels....Pages 33-42
Nickel and Nitrogen Alloying Effects on the Strength and Toughness of Austenitic Stainless Steels at 4 K....Pages 43-50
Improvement of Toughness of a High-Strength, High-Manganese Stainless Steel for Cryogenic Use....Pages 51-56
Effect of Metallurgical Variables on Strength and Toughness of Mn-Cr and Ni-Cr Stainless Steels at 4.2 K....Pages 57-64
Effect of Mn on the Cryogenic Properties of High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steels....Pages 65-71
An Investigation of the Cryogenic Mechanical Properties of Low Thermal-Expansion Superalloys....Pages 73-80
Welding Advances in Cryogenics....Pages 81-88
Cryogenic Properties of Electron-Beam Welded Joints in a 22Mn-13Cr-5Ni-0.22N Austenitic Stainless Steel....Pages 89-96
Cryogenic Mechanical Properties of High-Manganese Steel Weldments....Pages 97-102
Improvements in the Weldability of a Superconductor Sheath Material....Pages 103-109
Weldability and Mechanical Properties of Age-Hardened Fe-Ni-Cr-Mn-Ti Austenitic Alloy for Cryogenic Use....Pages 111-118
Cryogenic Compressive Properties of Basic Epoxy Resin Systems....Pages 119-126
Cryogen Containment in Composite Vessels....Pages 127-136
Influence of Damage on Mechanical Performance of Woven Laminates at Low Temperatures....Pages 137-144
Radiation Damage of Composite Material—Method and Evaluation....Pages 145-151
Screening the Performance of Organic Insulators under Cryogenic Neutron Irradiation....Pages 153-159
Effect of Cryogenic Irradiation on the Mechanical Properties of Organic Insulator Films....Pages 161-167
Fracture Properties of Polymers and Composites at Cryogenic Temperatures....Pages 169-177
Mechanical Behavior and Fatigue in Polymeric Composites at Low Temperatures....Pages 179-186
Thermo-Stimulated Current and Dielectric Loss in Composite Materials....Pages 187-193
Mechanical Properties of Carbon-Glass Hybrid Composite Materials at Low Temperature....Pages 195-202
Mechanical Properties of Unidirectionally Reinforced Composite Materials....Pages 203-208
Two-Dimensional Thermal Contraction of Composites....Pages 209-215
Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Advanced Composite Materials at Low Temperatures....Pages 217-224
Inorganic Dielectric Insulation for Superconducting Nb 3 Sn Wire....Pages 225-234
Measurement of Thermal Conductivity of Insulating Cryogenic Structural Materials....Pages 235-241
Compressive Properties of Silica Aerogel at 295, 76, and 20 K....Pages 243-250
LH 2 On-Orbit Storage Tank Support Trunnion Design and Verification....Pages 251-260
Recent Investigations on Refrigerants for Magnetic Refrigerators....Pages 261-270
High Enthalpy Materials for Use in Superconductor Stabilization and in Low Temperature Cryocooler Regenerators....Pages 271-278
Investigations on the Possibility of the RAl 2 System as a Refrigerant in an Ericsson Type Magnetic Refrigerator....Pages 279-286
Magnetic and Thermal Properties of Dy 3 Al 5 O 12 as a Magnetic Refrigerant....Pages 287-294
Specific Heat and Entropy of RNi 2 (R: Rare Earth Heavy Metals) in Magnetic Field....Pages 295-301
Low Temperature Deformation of Copper and an Austenitic Stainless Steel....Pages 303-312
Effects of Gage Diameter and Strain Rate on Tensile Deformation Behavior of 32Mn-7Cr Steel at 4 K....Pages 313-320
Near-Threshold Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of AISI 316 Stainless Steel....Pages 321-327
Fatigue Testing at 4 K with a Helium Recondensation System....Pages 329-338
A Model for Fatigue Strength Degradation Including Temperature Effect....Pages 339-346
Fracture Toughness of Newly Developed Structural Materials for Superconducting Coils of Fusion Experimental Reactor....Pages 347-354
Tensile, Fracture Toughness and Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Properties of HP 9–4–30....Pages 355-360
Notch Tensile Measurements and Fracture Toughness Correlations for Austenitic Stainless Steels....Pages 361-368
Creep of 304 LN and 316 L Stainless Steels at Cryogenic Temperatures....Pages 369-376
Magneto-Mechanical Effects in Two Steels with Metastable Austenite....Pages 377-384
In Situ Observation of Martensitic Transformation during Tensile Deformation of an Fe-Mn-C Alloy....Pages 385-388
Fracture Toughness of Modern 9% Nickel Cryogenic Steels....Pages 389-395
Cryogenic Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu-Li-Zr Alloy 2090....Pages 397-404
Strain Resistivity at 4.2 K in Pure Aluminum....Pages 405-412
The Effect of Prestrain on Low Temperature Fatigue Induced Resistivity in Pure Aluminum....Pages 413-419
Relationships between Mechanical and Magnetoelectric Properties of Oxygen-Free Copper at 4 K....Pages 421-427
Anomalous Decrease of Resistance at 250 K in Ultrathin Au-Nb Film on Single-Crystal Silicon....Pages 429-436
A New Aluminum-Base Alloy with Potential Cryogenic Applications....Pages 437-442
Production of High-Conductivity, High-Strength in-Situ Cu-Nb Multifilamentary Composite Wire and Strip....Pages 443-449
Data on a Magnetic Shield Alloy at Low Magnetic Fields from 300 Kelvin to 1.91 Kelvin, and 0.08 Hz to 10kHz....Pages 451-457
The Characterization of Cryogenic Materials by Photoacoustic Spectroscopy....Pages 459-469
The Characterization of Cryogenic Materials by X-Ray Absorption Methods....Pages 471-478
Nondestructive Characterization of Cryogenic Materials for Quality and Process Control....Pages 479-488
Characterization of Tunnel Barriers by Flicker Noise Spectroscopy....Pages 489-498
Role of Localized States in Amorphous Silicon Tunnel Barriers....Pages 499-506
All Refractory Josephson Integration Process with NbN Junctions....Pages 507-516
Thin Film Preparation and Device Application of Low Carrier Density Superconductor BaPb 1-x Bi x O 3 ....Pages 517-526
UHV Deposition and In-Situ Analysis of Thin-Film Superconductors....Pages 527-541
A Multilayer Technology with High T c Nb 3 Ge Films....Pages 543-548
Josephson Tunneling Junctions with High Tc Nb 3 (Ge,Si) Electrode....Pages 549-556
A 1 µm Cross-Line Junction Process....Pages 557-563
Selective Trilayer Ion-Beam Etching Process for Fabricating Nb/Nb Oxide/Pb-Alloy Tunnel Junctions....Pages 565-572
A Novel Design of Submicron Thin Film Point Contacts....Pages 573-578
Superconducting Wires for Electronic Applications....Pages 579-584
Formation of A15 Phase in Epitaxial and Polycrystalline Nb-Sn Diffusion Couples....Pages 585-592
A New Look at the Growth of Thin Films of Nb-Sn....Pages 593-602
High-T c MoN Thin Film Synthesis....Pages 603-616
Epitaxial Growth of NbN on MgO Film....Pages 617-626
Epitaxial Growth of NbN Films....Pages 627-633
Dual Ion-Beam Deposition of Superconducting NbN Films....Pages 635-641
Superconducting and Structural Properties of RF Magnetron Sputtered Niobium Nitride for Josephson Junctions....Pages 643-650
Dependence of the Upper Critical Field and Critical Current on Resistivity in NbN Thin Films....Pages 651-658
High Field Properties of NbN Ribbon Conductors....Pages 659-661
Synthesis of B1 MoN Films by Ion Beam Deposition....Pages 663-670
Preparation of Superconductive MoN x Films by Reactive Sputtering....Pages 671-678
Critical Field Studies of Reactively Sputtered and Nitrided NbN, VN and V(Mo)N Films....Pages 679-686
NbTi Based Superconductors: Technical Aspects and Trends....Pages 687-696
Superconducting Materials for the SSC....Pages 697-706
Critical Current Studies on Fine Filamentary NbTi Accelerator Wires....Pages 707-714
The Growth of Intermetallic Compounds at a Copper-Niobium-Titanium Interface....Pages 715-722
Development of Multifilamentary NbTi and Nb 3 Sn Composite Conductors with Very Fine Filaments....Pages 723-730
Fabrication and Characterization of Fine Filaments of NbTi in a Copper Matrix....Pages 731-738
Fine Filamentary NbTi Superconducting Wires....Pages 739-745
NbTi Ultrafine Filament Wires for 50/60 Hertz Use....Pages 747-762
Coupling Losses in Superconducting Cables....Pages 763-769
A.C. Losses in Multifilamentary Composite Superconducting Strands and Cables....Pages 771-778
AC Losses in Nb-Ti Measured by Magnetization and Complex Susceptibility....Pages 779-786
The Exact Solution of the Electromagnetic Field Configuration in Multifilamentary Wire in a Time-Dependent Field....Pages 787-794
AC Losses for in Situ Superconducting Microcomposites....Pages 795-800
Magnetic Behavior of a Very Fine Filament Continuous Superconductor....Pages 801-807
Magnetization and Critical Currents of NbTi Wires with Fine Filaments....Pages 809-815
Strain Effects in “in Situ” Processed Nb 3 Sn Conductors....Pages 817-824
Fatigue Damage in Nb 3 Sn Conductors....Pages 825-832
The Effect of Aspect Ratio on Critical Current in Multifilamentary Superconductors....Pages 833-840
Performance of Nb 3 Sn-Cu In Situ Conductor in a Superconducting Magnet....Pages 841-844
Heat Capacity of Superconducting Materials....Pages 845-851
Irradiation Damage in Superconductors....Pages 853-864
Neutron Irradiation of Superconductors and Damage Energy Scaling of Different Neutron Spectra....Pages 865-872
Disordering Mechanism in Irradiated and Quenched A15 Type Compounds....Pages 873-880
The Relationship between Critical Current and Microstructure of Internal Tin Wire....Pages 881-888
Critical Currents and Flux-Pinning Properties in PbMo 6 S 8 Superconductors....Pages 889-894
Flux Flow Dynamics in Superconducting Films....Pages 895-902
The Pinning Force and Critical Current in NbTi Superconducting Wire with Plate-Like α-Ti Precipitates....Pages 903-909
The Development of Microstructure in Multifilamentary Bronze Route A15 Composites....Pages 911-923
Characterization of Bulk and Multifilamentary Nb 3 Sn and Nb 3 Al by Diffractometric and Resistive Measurements....Pages 925-936
Development of A15 Conductors in the USSR....Pages 937-946
Multifilamentary (Nb,Ti) 3 Sn Conductors for 15-T-Class Magnet Application....Pages 947-954
Observation of the Microstructure in Bronze-Processed Multifilamentary Nb 3 Sn Tapes....Pages 955-960
Effect of Starting Materials and Processing Variables for the Production of Discontinuous-Filament Nb 3 Sn Wire....Pages 961-966
Characterization Studies of a Fully Reacted High Bronze-To-Niobium Ratio Filamentary Nb 3 Sn Composite....Pages 967-975
Effects of Hot Isostatic Pressing on the Superconducting Properties of (Nb, Ti) 3 Sn Multifilamentary Wires....Pages 977-983
The Diffusion Process in Nb 3 Sn-Cu Superconducting Wire Made by the External Tin Method....Pages 985-993
The Structure and Superconducting Properties of Multifilamentary Nb 3 Sn Wires Prepared by Internal Sn Diffusion Process Using Sn-Ti Cores....Pages 995-1002
Internal Tin Process Nb 3 Sn Superconductors for 18 Tesla....Pages 1003-1009
Internal-Tin-Processed Nb 3 Sn Multifilamentary Wires Alloyed with Mg, Zn+Ni, and Ti Through the Sn Core....Pages 1011-1018
New Methods for Obtaining Metastable Metallic Alloys....Pages 1019-1030
Practical Processing of A-15 Multifilamentary Superconducting Wire from Powders: Nb 3 Al and Nb 3 Sn....Pages 1031-1039
The Formation of the Metastable Phase Nb 3 Al by a Solid State Reaction....Pages 1041-1047
Processing of Nb 3 Al and Other Emerging Superconductors....Pages 1049-1059
The Effects of High Reaction Temperatures on the T c of Multifilamentary Nb-Al Wires....Pages 1061-1066
A Flexible A-15 Superconducting Tape in the Nb 3 (Al Si B) 1 System....Pages 1067-1072
Superconducting Materials Research and Development in China....Pages 1073-1078
The Stabilization of High T c A15 Nb 3 Ge Phase in Sputtered Nb-Ge Films by (T)Nb 5 Ge 3 ....Pages 1079-1084
Superconducting Properties of Chevrel-Phase PbMo 6 S 8 Wires by an Improved Powder Process....Pages 1085-1091
Critical Field Measurements on Very thin Films of V-Ga Superconductors....Pages 1093-1099
Electron Tunneling into Superconducting Filaments: Depth Profiling The Energy GAP of NbTi Filaments from Magnet Wires....Pages 1101-1108
Back Matter....Pages 1109-1120