Advances in Cryogenic Engineering

Front Matter....Pages i-xxx
Emerging 21st Century Markets and Outlook for Applied Superconducting Products....Pages 1-24
Large Applications and Challenges of State-Of-The-Art Superconducting RF (SRF) Technologies....Pages 25-36
The Jefferson Lab Superconducting Accelerator....Pages 37-42
Jefferson Lab High-Power Free-Electron Laser....Pages 43-52
Superconducting Radio-Frequency Technology: Understanding and Improvements of Limitations Through Application of Cryogenic Instrumentation....Pages 53-62
Thermal Stability Analysis of Superconducting RF Cavities....Pages 63-70
Influence of the RRR of Niobium on the RF Properties of Superconducting Cavities....Pages 71-76
Studies of RF-Superconductivity Properties of Niobium Film-Coated Cavities at CERN....Pages 77-85
Construction, Commissioning, and Cryogenic Performances of the First TESLA Test Facility (TTF) Cryomodule....Pages 87-96
The Performance of 1.3 Ghz 9-Cell Superconducting Cavity Systems for The TESLA Test Facility....Pages 97-104
Superconducting RF Cavities and Magnets for a 4-TeV Energy Muon Collider....Pages 105-112
Experience with the Lep Superconducting RF Accelerating System....Pages 113-121
Design and Performance of KEKB Superconducting Cavities and its Cryogenic System....Pages 123-130
Beam Effects on the Cryogenic System of LEP 2....Pages 131-137
A Cryogen-Free 0.5 TESLA MRI Magnet for Head Imaging....Pages 139-147
Design, Fabrication, and Testing of the Aliss Superconducting Mine-Countermeasures Magnet....Pages 149-156
Manufacturing of Liquid Helium Free Superconducting Magnets for Industrial Use....Pages 157-163
Ramp Rate Testing of an HTS High Gradient Magnetic Separation Magnet....Pages 165-171
Bi-2212 Coils for 1 T Class Insert Coils....Pages 173-179
Computer Simulation of Quench Propagation in QUELL....Pages 181-188
Numerical Evaluation of the Quench Behaviour of the ITER Toroidal Field Model Coil....Pages 189-196
Thermal and Hydraulic Measurement in the ITER QUELL Experiments....Pages 197-204
Rearrangement of Superconducting Wires in Solenoidal Magnets....Pages 205-212
Completion of Helical Coils for LHD....Pages 213-220
Development of a Superconducting Solenoid Magnet System for the B-Factory Detector (BELLE)....Pages 221-228
Preliminary Testing of the DØ Superconducting Solenoid....Pages 229-236
Performance and Operating Experience of the RHIC First Sextant Test....Pages 237-243
Magnetic Elements for the A1900 Fragment Separator at the NSCL....Pages 245-252
Design and Construction of Coil Supporting Structure and Cryostat Vessel for LHD....Pages 253-260
Performance of Magnet Leads for RHIC....Pages 261-267
Mechanical and Thermal Considerations for the Superconducting Magnet to Normal Conductor Magnet “Warm-to-Cold Transitions” of the RHIC Accelerator....Pages 269-275
A Gaseous-Helium Cooling System for a High-Tc Superconducting Coil....Pages 277-281
A Novel Thermal Insulation Method for a Next-Generation Conduction — Cooled Superconducting Magnet....Pages 283-290
Cryocooler Cooled Superconducting Magnets and Their Applications....Pages 291-297
Development of Two Types of Cryogen Free Superconducting Magnets (5T-ϕ300min and 10T-ϕ100mm)....Pages 299-305
Design of the Thermal Shields for the New Improved Version of the TESLA Test Facility (TTF) Cryostat....Pages 307-314
Cooldown Symulations for TESLA Test Facility (TTF) Cryostats....Pages 315-324
Novel Concept of Concentrator of Magnetic Energy....Pages 325-331
Stability Estimate for CICC with Cooling Channel Using One- and Two-Fluid Codes....Pages 333-339
A Simple Method for Measurement of AC Losses in Superconducting Wires under Configuration of a Double-Layer Non-Inductive Coil....Pages 341-348
High-Temperature Superconductor Coil System for a Particle Detector Analyzing Magnet....Pages 349-356
Three-Dimensional Numerical Analyses of the Stability of Ag/BSCCO Tape....Pages 357-363
Design Considerations and Experience of the RHIC Dual Magnet Cryostat Installation....Pages 365-370
High Current Diffusion Type Diodes at Cryogenic Temperatures for the LHC Superconducting Magnet Protection....Pages 371-378
Critical Current Density and Dissipation in Sintered YBCO Filaments....Pages 379-386
A Possible 1.8 K Refrigeration Cycle for the Large Hadron Collider....Pages 387-393
A Simplified Cryogenic Distribution Scheme for the Large Hadron Collider....Pages 395-402
Cryogenic System and Cryostat Design for the LHC IR Quadrupole Magnets....Pages 403-410
The New Superfluid Helium Cryostats for the Short Straight Sections of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC)....Pages 411-417
Cooling Strings of Superconducting Devices Below 2 K: The Helium II Bayonet Heat Exchanger....Pages 419-426
Supporting Systems from 293 K to 1.9 K for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Cryo-Magnets....Pages 427-434
Design of the Second Series of LHC Prototype Dipole Magnet Cryostats....Pages 435-441
A Facility for Evaluating Superconductors above Atmospheric Pressure at 1.8K....Pages 443-450
Cable Magnetization Effects in the LHC Main Dipole Magnets....Pages 451-458
Thermohydraulics of Resistive Transitions of the LHC Prototype Magnet String: Theoretical Modeling and Experimental Results....Pages 459-466
Helium Recovery in the LHC Cryogenic System Following Magnet Resistive Transitions....Pages 467-474
Analysis of the 15m LHC Cryo-Dipole Radiation Screen during a Magnet Quench....Pages 475-482
Status, Operation and Performance of the RHIC Helium Refrigerator....Pages 483-490
TS Diagram for on-Line Monitoring of the RHIC Refrigerator....Pages 491-497
RHIC 25 kW Refrigerator and Distribution System, Construction, Testing, and Initial Operating Experience....Pages 499-506
Ring Warmup and Helium Recovery for the RHIC Accelerator: Thermal Analysis of the Warmup of a Superconducting Magnet String....Pages 507-515
Performance of RHIC 50 Watt Recoolers....Pages 517-522
Performance of the RHIC Cryogenic Control System During the First Sextant Test....Pages 523-529
VJR/VJRR Design, Construction, Installation, and Performance....Pages 531-540
A 1400 Liter 1.8 K Test Facility....Pages 541-548
Performance and Control of a Cryogenic System Cooling 1152 VLPC Channels....Pages 549-556
Thermodynamic Analysis and Operating Experience of the Nuclotron Helium Refrigerators in the “Satellite” Mode....Pages 557-564
Experience in Four Years Operation of the 2 kW-HE I-Refrigerator at FZK/Karlsruhe....Pages 565-569
Experience with a Large Scale He II Refrigeration System at Tore Supra....Pages 571-579
Operation Characteristics of the Helium Refrigerator for the Large Helical Device with a Dummy Load Apparatus....Pages 581-588
Development of a Cryogenic System for the Large Helical Device....Pages 589-596
Cryogenic System for TJNAF’s Hall C....Pages 597-604
Design of the Fill/Transfer Station Cryostat for the Omega Cryogenic Target System....Pages 605-611
The Cold Neutron Source of the Munich Research Reactor (FRM)....Pages 613-620
Cryogenic Transient Heat Transfer in the g-2 Cryostats at Thermal Insulating Vacuum Loss....Pages 621-628
Safety Design, Operation, and Control of a Liquid Hydrogen Target at BNL....Pages 629-636
Operational Experience with a Cryogenic Axial-Centrifugal Compressor....Pages 637-641
A High Reliability Gas-Driven Helium Cryogenic Centrifugal Compressor....Pages 643-649
Operating a Train of Cryogenic Centrifugal Compressors at Lower Flow Rates and Constant Compression Ratio....Pages 651-655
Predicting Performance of Expansion Turbines Using Different Working Fluids Based on the Artificial Neural Network....Pages 657-660
A Feasibility Study on the Use of New Gas Foil Bearings in Cryogenic Turboexpander....Pages 661-665
80K Turbo Compressor System Without LN2 Cooling for High Reliable and Efficient Helium Refrigerator....Pages 667-674
Progress Report of a Cryomechanical Hybrid Vacuum Pump Prototype....Pages 675-682
Conduction Cooled High-Temperature Superconducting Magnetic Bearing Module....Pages 683-690
Cool-Down Dynamics of a Cryostat with a Closed-Cycle Cryogenic Refrigerator....Pages 691-696
Development of 70MW Class Superconducting Generators....Pages 697-704
Study of Supercritical Helium Circulation Pump for a Forced-Flow Cooled Magnet Using CICC....Pages 705-712
Experimental Study on a Thermoacoustic Engine with Brass Screen Stack Matrix....Pages 713-718
Increasing the Useful Life of Quench Reliefs with Inconel Bellows....Pages 719-725
Magnetic Bearing with Melt Processed HTS....Pages 727-732
Recent Advances in the Realization and Dissemination of the ITS-90 Below 83.8058 K at NIST....Pages 733-740
Cryogenic Thermometer Calibration Facility at CERN....Pages 741-748
Miniature Resistance Thermometers Based on Ge Films on GaAs....Pages 749-756
High Resolution Thermometry Using the Magnetic Penetration Depth of Superconducting Films....Pages 757-763
Neutron Irradiation Tests of Calibrated Cryogenic Sensors at Low Temperatures....Pages 765-772
Effects of High Intensity Cryogenic Irradiation and Magnetic Field on Temperature Sensors....Pages 773-780
Silicon Pressure Sensor for in Situ Pressure Measurement in a Pressurized Superfluid Helium Environment....Pages 781-788
Development of an Accurate Double-Diaphragm Sapphire Cryogenic Capacitive Pressure Transducer....Pages 789-794
Measurements of Void Fraction and Flow Rate of LNG Flow....Pages 795-802
Forced Convection Cooled Thermistors Used as Magnet Lead Flow Sensors....Pages 803-809
Precise Wide Range Heatmeters for 1.5 K up to 80 K....Pages 811-818
Low Temperature Performance of a Superconducting Angular Accelerometer....Pages 819-826
New Transformer for Powering Superconducting Magnets....Pages 827-834
Cryogenic Control System for the g-2 Muon Ring....Pages 835-840
Application of Industrial Control Systems to a Large Scale Cryogenic System....Pages 841-848
The Deskside Supercomputer....Pages 849-855
Cryogenically Cooled Optical Dynamic RAM....Pages 857-864
Cryopackaging for Real World Products....Pages 865-870
Packaging and Integration Issues for Cryoelectronic and Superconductor Materials....Pages 871-880
A Fully Functional Closed Cycle Cryosystem That Uses Less Than One Watt of Refrigeration at 4.5 K, for a 2.5 GHz Per Channel, 128 X 128 Channel Superconducting Switch....Pages 881-888
A Review of Cryobiology and Cryosurgery....Pages 889-896
A Novel Closed Loop Cryosurgical Device....Pages 897-902
A Cryogenic Catheter for Treating Heart Arrhythmia....Pages 903-910
Fast Joule-Thomson Cryocycling Device for Cryosurgical Applications....Pages 911-917
Magnetocardiography and Magnetoencephalography: New Technologies for Fetal Surveillance....Pages 919-926
Development of the Long-Lifetime Solid Nitrogen Dewar for NICMOS....Pages 927-933
Pre- and Post-Launch Performance of the NICMOS Dewar....Pages 935-940
Thermal Performance of the XRS Helium Cryostat....Pages 941-948
Suppression of Superfluid Film Flow in the XRS Helium Dewar....Pages 949-956
Final Design of the XRS/Astro-E ADR....Pages 957-963
A High Tc Superconducting Current Lead Assembly for the XDS Helium Cryostat....Pages 965-972
Cryogenic/Thermal System for the SIRTF Observatory....Pages 973-979
A Small Long-Life Dewar for Explorer-Type Space Experiments....Pages 981-987
Lifetime Enhancement of the CHeX Cryogenic System....Pages 989-994
Design and Testing of an Improved Cryopump for the Confined Helium Experiment....Pages 995-1000
Design and Fabrication of a Zero Gravity Liquid Cryogen Cooler Using Surface Tension Confinement Technology....Pages 1001-1008
Liquid Hydrogen Densification Heat Exchanger....Pages 1009-1016
Post-Flight Analysis of a 10 K Sorption Cryocooler....Pages 1017-1024
The Redstone Interface Cooling System....Pages 1025-1030
Coals to Newcastle — Cryogenics in Antarctica....Pages 1031-1035
Investigation of the Self Destruction of a Liquid Nitrogen Container at South Pole Station, Antarctica....Pages 1037-1040
Cryogenic Safety in the United States Antarctic Program....Pages 1041-1045
Alaska SMES: Form and Function for the World’s Largest Magnet....Pages 1047-1076
Research of a New Coil Design for Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage....Pages 1077-1084
Test Results of Elementaly Coils for Toroidal SMES....Pages 1085-1091
Structural Design of Superconducting Energy Storage Solenoidal Magnets....Pages 1093-1102
Aluminum Stabilized Conductor in a Large Cryostable SMES Magnet....Pages 1103-1108
Design of a Monolithic 15 kA Superconductor for SMES....Pages 1109-1115
A Method to Buffer AC Losses in a Forced Flow Superconducting Magnet....Pages 1117-1124
Integrated Design of Cryogenic Refrigeration Systems for SMES Systems....Pages 1125-1133
He II Cooling System Performance in the Ebasco Proof of Principle Experiment during Lambda Transition, Warmup, and Quench....Pages 1135-1141
Deep Discharge Recovery with the AML&P SMES Helium Refrigeration System....Pages 1143-1150
Simulation and Design of a Protection System for SMES....Pages 1151-1158
Power System Feedback from High-Tc Superconductor Shielded Core Fault Current Limiter....Pages 1159-1166
Studies on the Current Distribution in HTSC Power Cables....Pages 1167-1174
Test Results for Different High Temperature Superconducting Transmission Cable Prototypes....Pages 1175-1182
R&D of High Reliable Refrigeration System for Superconducting Generators....Pages 1183-1190
1 ATM Subcooled Liquid Nitrogen Cryogenic System for Oxide Superconducting Power Transformer....Pages 1191-1198
Optimized LNG Storage Tanks for Fleet-Size Refueling Stations with Local LNG Liquefiers....Pages 1199-1206
A Comparative Study of CNG Production Methods for a 1750 DEG / Day Vehicle Fleet....Pages 1207-1213
Testing of a Buried LNG Tank....Pages 1215-1221
Regime of Uniform Heating of Liquid Phase During Static Storage of Liquefied Natural Gas....Pages 1223-1228
The Assessment and Comparison of Alternative and Traditional Fuels from a Study of the Vehicle’s On-Road Performance and Emissions....Pages 1229-1236
The Elimination of Oxides of Nitrogen from the Exhaust of a Diesel Engine Using Cryogenic Air Separation....Pages 1237-1243
Cryogenic Heat Engine Experiment....Pages 1245-1252
Cryogenic Marine Loading Vapor Recovery System....Pages 1253-1256
Adsorption Storage of Gaseous Hydrogen at Cryogenic Temperatures....Pages 1257-1264
A Fuel Cell Power Supply for Long Duration Balloon Flights Using Stored Cryogens....Pages 1265-1271
Current Status of Thermodynamic Properties of Cryogenic Fluids....Pages 1273-1280
Thermodynamic Properties of Mixtures of Nitrogen, Argon, and Oxygen, Including Air....Pages 1281-1288
Mathematical Model for Boiling Heat Transfer from a Thin Wire in Liquid Nitrogen....Pages 1289-1295
Numerical Analysis of Heat Transport Mechanism in Nitrogen Near the Critical Point....Pages 1297-1304
Effect of Surface Conditions on Pool Boiling Critical Heat Fluxes in Saturated and Subcooled Liquid Nitrogen at Various Pressures....Pages 1305-1312
Heat Transfer Through a Multilayer Insulation System as a Function of Pressure in the Cryostat Vacuum Space....Pages 1313-1318
Cryogenic Superinsulations with Increased Efficiency....Pages 1319-1325
Pumping Performance of Cryopanels Coated with Activated Carbon....Pages 1327-1334
A Simplified Theory of Current Leads....Pages 1335-1341
Optimal Design of Sizes in Binary Current Leads Cooled by Cryogenic Refrigerator....Pages 1343-1350
Effect of Heat Transfer on Cooling of Current Leads....Pages 1351-1357
Thermal Resistance Across a Copper/Kapton/Copper Interface at Cryogenic Temperatures....Pages 1359-1367
The Effect of Solid Interfaces on Thermal Contact Resistance at Low Temperature....Pages 1369-1375
Modeling Superfluid Phase Separator Systems....Pages 1377-1384
Common Approximations that Can Invalidate Calculations of the Flow of Superfluid Helium....Pages 1385-1392
Development of Superfluid Shock Tube Facility....Pages 1393-1400
Liquid Level Control Using a Porous Plug in a Two-Phase He II System....Pages 1401-1408
Steady and Unsteady Heat Transfer from a Flat Plate in Subcooled Helium II....Pages 1409-1416
Material and Geometry Effects of Wire Surface Coating on Heat Transfer in He II Bath....Pages 1417-1424
Various Film Boiling States in He II at Hydrostatic Pressures from Saturated Vapor Pressure to 1 ATM....Pages 1425-1432
Heat Transfer from Insulated Rutherford Type Cables Immersed in Pressurized He II....Pages 1433-1440
Latest Developments on He II Co-Current Two-Phase Flow Studies....Pages 1441-1448
Heat Transport in Saturated He II with Surface Heat Transfer in the Turbulent Counterflow Regime....Pages 1449-1456
He II Heat Transport in Cylindrical Geometry....Pages 1457-1464
Experimental Study for Dynamical Characteristics of He I–He II Interface Under Saturated Vapor Pressure Condition....Pages 1465-1471
Measurement of the Pressure Distribution and Drag on a Sphere in Flowing Helium I and Helium II....Pages 1473-1479
Steady State Heat Transfer Characteristics in He I with Different Surface Area....Pages 1481-1487
Transient Heat Transfer Characteristics of Liquid Helium in Centrifugal Acceleration Field....Pages 1489-1496
A Liquid Helium Film Heat Pipe/Heat Switch....Pages 1497-1504
Liquid Helium Thermosiphon for the 4 TESLA CMS Solenoid....Pages 1505-1511
Development of Multi-Loop Heat Pipes for Superconducting Magnet Applications....Pages 1513-1519
Performance of Crycooler Shunt Heat Pipes....Pages 1521-1528
Cryopump Cooled with a Dual Heat Pipe....Pages 1529-1532
Development of Intermetallic Compounds for Use as Magnetic Refrigerators or Regenerators....Pages 1533-1540
Recent Progress in the Application of Magnetic Regenerator Materials....Pages 1541-1547
Mean-Field Approximation Analysis of Magnetocaloric Effect in Rare-Earth Materials....Pages 1549-1555
Low Temperature Elasticity and Magnetic Susceptibility of Gd-Y Alloys....Pages 1557-1564
Eddy Current Power Dissipation in Rare Earth Packed Particle Bed Regenerators for AMRR Applications....Pages 1565-1571
Systematic Investigations of Regenerators for 4.2K-Refrigerators....Pages 1573-1580
Niobium Clad Neodymium in Wire and Strip Form for Use as a Regenerator....Pages 1581-1587
Neodymium-Ribbon-Regenerator Cooling Performance in a Two-Stage Gifford-McMahon Refrigerator....Pages 1589-1596
Monolithic Regenerator Technology for Low Temperature (4 K) Gifford-McMahon Cryocoolers....Pages 1597-1604
Analysis on the Colder Regenerator of 4.2K G-M Refrigerator....Pages 1605-1610
Measurement of Heat Conduction through Stacked Screens....Pages 1611-1618
Pressure Drop over Regenerators in Oscillating Flow....Pages 1619-1626
Parallel Flow Regenerator for Pulse Tube Cooler Application....Pages 1627-1633
A Study of Oscillating Flow Charactristics of Regenerators in a High Frequency Pulse Tube Refrigerator....Pages 1635-1641
A Straightforward Method for the Sizing of Perforated Plate Matrix Heat Exchangers....Pages 1643-1650
Phillips Laboratory Space Cryocooler Development and Test Program....Pages 1651-1660
An Update on Estimating the Cost of Cryogenic Refrigeration....Pages 1661-1666
Further Development of a Mixed Gas Joule Thomson Refrigerator....Pages 1667-1674
Mixed-Refrigerant Joule-Thompson Cryocooler Driven By R22/R12 Compressor....Pages 1675-1678
Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of 80k Closed-Cycle Joule-Thompson Cryocooler with Gas Mixture....Pages 1679-1683
Development of a Low Vibration Throttle Cycle Cooler....Pages 1685-1692
Water Trap Refrigerated by a Throttle-Cycle Cooler Using Mixed Gas Refrigerant....Pages 1693-1700
Retrospective of Mixed-Refrigerant Technology and Modern Status of Cryocoolers Based on One-Stage, Oil-Lubricated Compressors....Pages 1701-1708
Closed-Cycle Cooling System for a Superconducting Magnet and 2K – 400K Variable Temperature Insert....Pages 1709-1714
An Hybrid Cycle Helium Liquefier....Pages 1715-1718
Analyzing Magnetic Refrigeration Efficiency: A Rotary AMR — Reverse Brayton Case Study....Pages 1719-1728
The Giant Magnetocaloric Effect in Gd 5 (Si x Ge 1-x ) 4 Materials for Magnetic Refrigeration....Pages 1729-1736
The Influence of Multiple Magnetic Ordering on the Magnetocaloric Effect in RNiAl Alloys....Pages 1737-1744
Effect of Heat Rejection Conditions on Cryocooler Operational Stability....Pages 1745-1752
Test and Analysis of Five Types of Regenerative Cryocoolers....Pages 1753-1757
Description and Performance of a Near-Room Temperature Magnetic Refrigerator....Pages 1759-1766
An Experimental GM/Magnetic Refrigerator....Pages 1767-1774
Performance and Internal Process of a 4 K GM Cooler....Pages 1775-1782
Performance of a Low-Temperature Gifford-McMahon Refrigerator Utilizing a Neodymium Disk Regenerator....Pages 1783-1790
Numerical and Experimental Study of a 4 K Modified-Solvay Cycle Cryocooler....Pages 1791-1798
A Numerical Simulation Method of a Two-Stage G-M Refrigerator and Comparison with Experiment....Pages 1799-1806
Effects of Thermal Conductance in the Cooling Stage of a 4K-GM Refrigerator on Refrigeration Capacity....Pages 1807-1814
Long-Term Performance of 4 K Gifford-McMahon Refrigerators on the Bima Array....Pages 1815-1821
Efficient Single Stage Gifford-McMahon Refrigerator Operating at 20K....Pages 1823-1830
Thermofluid Analysis of Shuttle Loss on Regenerative Cryocoolers....Pages 1831-1838
Performance of Hughes’ “SBIRS Low” FDS Cryocooler....Pages 1839-1846
Enhanced Performance of the BEI 0.5 Watt Mini-Linear Stirling Cooler....Pages 1847-1853
Experimental Performance of the BEI One Watt Linear (OWL) Stirling Cooler....Pages 1855-1861
Exergy Analysis of Stirling Cycle Cryogenerator....Pages 1863-1870
Theoretical Performance of Single Stage and Two Stage Superfluid Stirling Refrigerators Using Kapton Recuperators....Pages 1871-1878
Development of a Linear Drive Cryocooler System Incorporating Both Stirling and Orifice Pulse Tube Refrigeration Cycles....Pages 1879-1886
A New Approach for Thermoacoustic Refrigeration....Pages 1887-1894
Pulse Tube Coolers with an Inertance Tube: Theory, Modeling, and Practice....Pages 1895-1902
An Optimization Program for Modeling Pulse Tube Coolers....Pages 1903-1909
Pulse Tube Refrigerator Based on Fluid Inertia....Pages 1911-1918
Thermodynamical Aspects of Pulse Tubes....Pages 1919-1925
The Temperature Profile within Pulse Tubes....Pages 1927-1932
Interface Loss in the Small Amplitude Orifice Pulse Tube Model....Pages 1933-1940
An Adiabatic Model for a Two-Stage Double-Orifice Pulse Tube Refrigerator to Reach Liquid Helium Temperatures....Pages 1941-1948
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Verification of the Oscillating Flow in a Multi-Bypass Pulse Tube Refrigerator with Area Change....Pages 1949-1955
Development of Low Frequency Pulse Tube Refrigerators....Pages 1957-1964
Experimental Results of a Single Stage Linear Orifice Pulse Tube Refrigerator....Pages 1965-1972
Experiments on the Thermodynamic Performance of a “U-Tube” Pulse Tube Expander....Pages 1973-1981
A Single Stage Five Valve Pulse Tube Refrigerator Reaching 32 K....Pages 1983-1989
A Four-Valve Pulse Tube Cryocooler with a Cooling Power over 30 W at 80 K....Pages 1991-1998
Effects of Regenerator Geometry on Pulse Tube Refrigerator Performance....Pages 1999-2005
Investigation on the Heat Transfer Characteristic in Pulse Tube Refrigerator....Pages 2007-2013
Oscillating Flow Behavior in a Pulse Tube Refrigerator under Optimized Conditions....Pages 2015-2021
Visualization Study of Oscillating Flow Inside a Pulse Tube Refrigerator....Pages 2023-2030
Dynamic Experimental Study of the Multi-Bypass Pulse Tube Refrigerator with Two-Bypass Tubes....Pages 2031-2037
Design of a 0.5 Watt Dual Use Long-Life Low-Cost Pulse Tube Cooler....Pages 2039-2046
Development of a Low-Cost Unlimited-Life Pulse-Tube Cryocooler for Commercial Applications....Pages 2047-2053
Performance Study on a Two-Stage 4 K Pulse Tube Cooler....Pages 2055-2062
3K Double-Orifice Two-Stage Pulse Tube Refrigerator....Pages 2063-2068
Design and Testing of a Pulse Tube Based Cooling System for High Purity Germanium Detectors....Pages 2069-2076
Low Noise Cold Head of a Four-Valve Pulse Tube Refrigerator....Pages 2077-2084
Use of a Pulse Tube Refrigerator for Cooling a HTS-Antenna for Magnetic Resonance Imaging....Pages 2085-2092
Back Matter....Pages 2093-2104