Advances in Communication Systems and Networks: Select Proceedings of ComNet 2019 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering (656), Band 656)

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Analysis of Active Contours Without Edge-Based Segmentation Technique for Brain Tumor Classification Using SVM and KNN Classifiers
	1 Introduction
	2 Pre-processing Techniques
		2.1 Image Sharpening
		2.2 Contrast Stretching
		2.3 Gaussian Filtering
		2.4 Homomorphic Filtering
	3 Active Contouring Without Edge Segmentation Technique
	4 Classification Algorithms
	5 Results and Discussions
	6 Conclusions
	References
CB-CPW Fed SRR Loaded Miniaturized U-Slot Planar Antenna for ECG Monitoring
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Antenna Models
	3 Simulation Results and Discussion
		3.1 Reflection Coefficients
		3.2 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
		3.3 Directivity and Gain
	4 Conclusion
	References
An Improved Resource Allocation Scheme for Heterogeneous Macro–Femto Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Resource Partitioning-Based Methods
		2.2 Transmit Power Control-Based Methods
		2.3 Cognition-Based Methods
	3 System Model
		3.1 Self-organized Resource Allocation Scheme
		3.2 Modified Self-organized Resource Allocation Scheme
	4 Results and Discussions
		4.1 Comparison of User Throughput
		4.2 Effect of Active Ratio on Throughput
		4.3 Comparison of User Throughput and SINR
		4.4 Impact of Active Ratio on 10 Percentile Throughput
		4.5 Comparison of Fairness Performance
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Robust Music Composer Identification System Based on Cepstral Feature and Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Database
		2.2 Feature Extraction
		2.3 K-Means Clustering Algorithm
	3 Proposed Music Composer Identification System
		3.1 Pre-processing Technique
		3.2 Working of Proposed System
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Performance of the System Without DWT
		4.2 Performance of the System with DWT
		4.3 Analysis
		4.4 Correlation Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Spectral Efficiency-Energy Efficiency Tradeoff Analysis for a Carrier Aggregated 5G NR Based System
	1 Introduction
	2 System and Channel Models
		2.1 System Model
		2.2 Channel Model
	3 Parameters for Analysis
		3.1 5G NR Numerology
		3.2 User Velocity
		3.3 Power Amplifier Efficiency, Static and Signal Processing Power Consumptions at the Base Station
		3.4 Spectral Efficiency and Energy Efficiency
	4 Simulation Results and Inferences
		4.1 Varying Numerology
		4.2 Varying User Velocity
		4.3 Varying Power Amplifier Efficiency
		4.4 Varying Static and Signal Processing Power Consumptions at the Base Station
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
An Image Restoration Method for Outdoor and Its Application to Under Water Using Improved Transmission Map and Airlight Estimation
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Dehazing Algorithm
		3.1 Providing Input to the Dehazing System
		3.2 Obtain Dark Channel
		3.3 Transmission Map Estimation
		3.4 Atmospheric Light Estimation
		3.5 Image Visibility Recovery Without Refining Transmission Map
		3.6 Refinement Using Guided Filter
		3.7 Edge Collapse Based Repair
		3.8 Image Visibility Recovery with Refined Transmission Map
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Comparison of Dehazing Algorithms
		4.2 Processing Speed
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Novel Approach to Ultrasound Image Thresholding Using Phase Gradients
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Methodology
		2.1 Pre-processing: Neutrosophic Enhancement
		2.2 Pre-processing: Shearlet Despeckling
		2.3 Gabor Filter for Texture Extraction
		2.4 Thresholding
		2.5 Proposed Work
	3 Experimental Results and Evaluation
	4 Conclusions
	References
Investigation of Techniques to Recognize Optimal Power Structuring of Vedic Multiplier
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Carry Select Adder
	4 Proposed Vedic Multiplier
		4.1 UrdhvaTiryakbhyam Algorithm
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Power Optimization in Application-Based D2D Communication
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 System Model
		3.1 System Framework
		3.2 System Model
	4 Results and Discussions
		4.1 Result Analysis
		4.2 Analysis of Energy Efficiency and Transmission Power
		4.3 Transmission Time and Battery Life
		4.4 Comparison with Hata Model
	5 Conclusion
	References
View-Based and Visual-Attention-Based Background Modeling for Detecting Frequently and Infrequently Moving Objects for Video Summarization
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Rule-Based Face Detection Algorithm
		3.1 Rules for Skin-Color Region Extraction
		3.2 Rules for Lips and Eyes Detection
		3.3 Rules for Component Verifications and Face Region Determination
		3.4 The Arbitration of Confusing Eye–Lip Triangles
	4 Performance Evaluation
	5 Concluding Remarks
	References
Analysis of Segmentation Algorithms for Detection of Anomalies in MR Brain Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Segmentation Algorithms for Brain Anomalies Detection
		2.1 Thresholding
		2.2 Region Growing
		2.3 K-means Clustering
		2.4 Fuzzy C-Means Clustering
		2.5 Hidden Markov Random Field (HMRF)
		2.6 Watershed Segmentation
	3 Choice of Segmentation Algorithm for MR Brain Images
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
HEP-2 Specimen Image Segmentation and Classification Using GLCM and DCT Based Feature Extraction with CNN Classifier
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 HEP-CIC-CNN-DCT-GLCM: HEP-2 Cell Image Classification (CIC) Using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)
		3.1 Image Preprocessing
		3.2 Data Augmentation
		3.3 Feature Extraction
		3.4 Network Architecture
		3.5 CNN Training
		3.6 CNN Testing
	4 Result and Discussion
		4.1 Dataset
		4.2 Adequacy of Data Augmentation
		4.3 Result Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Real-Time Traffic Signal Management System for Emergency Vehicles Using Embedded Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 System Hardware
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Reduction of PAPR in Optical OFDM Signals Using PTS Schemes Without Side Information
	1 Introduction
	2 PTS Schemes
	3 ACO-OFDM Sequence
	4 HACO-OFDM
	5 PAPR Reduction Without Side Information Using PTS Scheme
		5.1 Encapsulation of Side Information
		5.2 PTS Scheme II
		5.3 Maximal Likelihood Detector in the PTS Scheme Without Side Information
	6 Simulation Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
Effectiveness of Wilson Amplitude for the Detection of Murmur from the PCG Records
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Analysis of Electromagnetic Field Variance in Random PCB Model Using 2D Stochastic FDTD
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology Description
		2.1 2D Space Modelling
		2.2 Mean and Variance Approximation
	3 Simulation Requirements
		3.1 Numerical Model
		3.2 Simulation Setup
		3.3 PML for Variance in S-FDTD
	4 Simulation Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
An FDTD Method for the Transient Terminal Response of a PCB Trace Illuminated by an Electromagnetic Wave
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology Description
		2.1 Building a 3D Model
		2.2 Incorporation of Lumped Element
		2.3 TF/SF FDTD Formulation
	3 Simulation Setup
	4 Simulation Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Synthesis of Pseudorandom Number Generator by Combining Mentor Graphics HDL Designer and Xilinx Vivado FPGA Flow
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Implementation Flow
	3 Implementation Flow
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Analysis on Extraction of Common Foreground Object by Co-Segmentation
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Co-segmentation Method 1
		3.1 Occlusion Boundary Detection
		3.2 Object Proposal Generation
		3.3 Weighted Graph Construction
		3.4 Common Target Multi-search Algorithm
	4 Co-segmentation Method 2
		4.1 Graph Cut Method
		4.2 Saliency Maps
	5 Experiments and Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Novel Strategy for Data Transmission in Aerospace Vehicle Using Space-Based TTC Network—Telemetry via INSAT
	1 Introduction
	2 Frequency Selection Criteria
	3 Link Budget and Visibility Studies
	4 Total System Description and Design
		4.1 INSAT Segment
		4.2 Ground Segment
		4.3 TDV Segment
		4.4 Baseband System
		4.5 BPSK Transmitter
		4.6 Power Supply
		4.7 Antenna System
	5 Performance in Flight
		5.1 Future Scope
	6 Conclusion
	References
An Improved Image Inpainting Technique Using Fuzzy Hard C-Means Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Existing Methods
	3 Proposed Method
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
An Improved EEG Acquisition Protocol Facilitates Localized Neural Activation
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 EEG Recording Setup
		2.2 Subjects for the Study
		2.3 Web Application for Controlled Timing
		2.4 Preprocessing of the EEG Data
		2.5 Algorithm to Identify the Primary Region of Activation
	3 Experimental Protocols Explored
		3.1 Protocol A: RA-RF with Auditory Cues
		3.2 Protocol B: RA-RF with Actual Motion and Auditory Cues
		3.3 Protocol C: LA-RA with Actual Motion and Auditory Cues
		3.4 Protocol D: LA-RA with Somatosensory Cues
		3.5 Protocol E: LA-RA with Actual Motion and Somatosensory Cues
	4 Results
		4.1 RA-RF Based Protocols
		4.2 LA-RA-Based Protocols
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusions
	7 Limitations
	References
A Centre of Gravity-Based Preprocessing Approach for Feature Selection Using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm on High-Dimensional Datasets
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Concepts
		2.1 Centre of Gravity of a Dataset
		2.2 Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
		2.3 ABC Algorithm for Feature Selection
	3 Proposed Method
	4 Experimental Framework
		4.1 Datasets
		4.2 Classification Set-up
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Design and Analysis of Metamaterial Loaded Microstrip Slotted Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Overview of Antenna Geometry
		2.1 Concept of Patch Design
		2.2 Design of Slots on Patch
		2.3 SRR Design
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Assistive Technology for the Blind
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Data Collection
		2.2 Data Cleaning
		2.3 Data Preprocessing—Images
		2.4 Data Preprocessing—Captions
		2.5 Data Preparation Using Generator Function
		2.6 Word Embedding
		2.7 Model Architecture
		2.8 Inference
		2.9 Audio Output
	3 Result and Analysis
	4 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Fractal-Based Patch Antenna Design for Multi-band Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Work
		2.1 Construction of Koch Snowflake Structure
		2.2 Antenna Design
	3 Simulation Results
	4 Fabrication and Measured Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Light Field Imaging and Segmentation on All-Focus Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Basic Acquisition Model and Representation of Plenoptic Images
		2.1 Basic Image Acquisition Model
		2.2 Representation of Plenoptic Images
	3 Applications and Research Scope in Plenoptic Imaging
	4 Segmentation Analyses of All-Focus Light Field Images
		4.1 K-Means
		4.2 Otsu
		4.3 Active Contour
	5 Simulation Results and Inferences
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Feature Extraction Methods in Person Re-identification System: A Technical Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Existing Challenges
	3 Types of Person Re-identification
		3.1 Open Set
		3.2 Closed Set
		3.3 Single Shot
		3.4 Multi-Shot Person Re-identification
		3.5 Language Based
		3.6 Long Term
	4 Steps in Person Re-identification System
	5 Related Work
		5.1 Color-Based Methods
		5.2 Texture-Based Methods
		5.3 Human Body Part-Based Methods
		5.4 Deep Learning-Based Methods
	6 Comparison
	7 Findings
	8 Conclusion
	References
Emotion Recognition from Speech Using Perceptual Features and Convolutional Neural Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 PLPC and ERBPLPC Extraction
		2.2 Experimental Analysis Based on Clustering Method
		2.3 Emotion Recognition Based on Convolutional Neural Network
	3 Experimental Evaluation of the Emotion Recognition System
	4 Conclusion
	References
Implementation of Building Stability Analyzer with Earthquake Detection Using Simple MEMS Pressure Sensor
	1 Introduction
	2 Overview of Block Diagram
	3 Hardware Interfacing
		3.1 BMP180 Sensor, ADC and I2C Interface with Arduino
		3.2 ZigBee Transmitter and GSM Interface with Arduino
		3.3 ZigBee Receiver and LCD Interface with Arduino
	4 Software Interfacing
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Novel Technique for Low PAPR in LFDMA Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Problem Statement
		2.2 Overview
		2.3 LFDMA Uplink System with Selective Mapping Method
		2.4 Selective Mapping (SLM)
		2.5 Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR)
		2.6 Proposed Model
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 PAPR Analysis
		3.2 BER Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
Apparel CPW-Fed Antenna for Medical Anatomy Zone Web Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Representation of Antenna Designs
	3 Presentation of Receiver Than EBG-FSS and PEC
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Reduced Planar Omnidirectional MIMO Antenna for Pattern Phase Variety
	1 Introduction
	2 Fundamental Research
		2.1 Analysis of Pattern Phase Variance
		2.2 Antenna Formation
		2.3 Antenna Evolution
	3 Plan of Antenna
		3.1 Antenna Layout
		3.2 Integrated Feed Point
		3.3 Parameter Analysis
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Antenna Performance
	5 Conclusion
	References
Design of Slot Antenna in Medical Wearable Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Comparative Study on Data Cleaning Approaches in Sentiment Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Dynamic Sorted Neighborhood Indexing for Real-Time Entity Resolution (DySNI)
		2.2 Brushing—An Algorithm for Data Deduplication (BAA-DD)
		2.3 Progressive Sorted Neighborhood Method (PSNM)
		2.4 Comparison Study on Pre-processing Methods (CSPM)
		2.5 Deep Recurrent Convolution Neural Network (DRCNN)
		2.6 Glove-Deep Convolution Neural Network (G-DCNN)
	3 Experiment Evaluation
		3.1 Evaluation Metrics
		3.2 Datasets Description
		3.3 Steps for Algorithm Execution
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Sybil Attack in VANET Operating in an Urban Environment: An Overview
	1 Introduction
	2 Overview of Urban VANET
	3 Security Requirements and Applications of Urban VANET
	4 Types of Attackers and Classification of Attackers in Urban VANET
	5 Survey of Sybil Attack in Urban VANET
	6 Conclusion
	7 Future Work
	References
Double-Band Coplanar Antenna for GSM and UWB Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Methodology
	4 Antenna Design
	5 Simulation Results
		5.1 Return Loss
		5.2 Parametric Analysis
		5.3 Radiation Pattern
	6 Experimental Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
Matrix Adaptor for Instrument Interface Interchangeability in ATE
	1 Introduction
	2 System Model
	3 System Implementation
		3.1 Implementation Details
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Performance Analysis of Security Algorithms
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Hashing
		1.2 Encryption
	2 Structure of Hashing and Encryption Algorithms
		2.1 Merkle–Damgård Construction [3]
		2.2 Feistel Structure [8]
	3 Results
		3.1 Hashing
		3.2 Encryption and Decryption
	4 Conclusions and Recommendations
		4.1 Recommendations for Hashing Algorithms
		4.2 Recommendations for Encryption Algorithms
	References
Quality Grading of the Fruits and Vegetables Using Image Processing Techniques and Machine Learning: A Review
	1 Introduction
		1.1 A Subsection Sample
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Comparative Analysis
	4 Proposed System
	5 Conclusion
	References
Exploring Various Aspects of Gabor Filter in Classifying Facial Expression
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Face Detection
		3.2 Preprocessing
		3.3 Gabor Wavelet Feature Representation
		3.4 Support Vector Machine (SVM)
	4 Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Voting-Based Ensemble of Unsupervised Outlier Detectors
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Outlier Detection Methods
		3.1 Supervised Outlier Detection
		3.2 Unsupervised Outlier Detection
		3.3 Semi-supervised Outlier Detection
		3.4 Local Outlier Factor
		3.5 Elliptic Envelope
		3.6 One-Class Support Vector Machine
	4 Proposed Method
	5 Datasets
	6 Experiments
		6.1 Performance of Individual Detectors
		6.2 Performance of Proposed Ensemble Detector
		6.3 Effect of Dimensionality Reduction
	7 Conclusion
	References
Double-Band Coplanar Antenna for ISM and UWB Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Methodology
	4 Antenna Design
	5 Simulation Results
		5.1 Return Loss
		5.2 Parametric Analysis
		5.3 Radiation Pattern
	6 Experimental Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
A Modified Partitioning Around Medoids Clustering-Based Cluster Head Selection Scheme for Data Offload in Mobile Cloud Sensor Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Modified Partition Around Medoid-Based Cluster Head Selection (MPAM-CHS) for Data Offload
		3.1 Clustering Model
		3.2 Clustering Phases
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Design of Dual-Band Compact Planar of MIMO Antenna with Pattern Diversity Characteristics
	1 Introduction
	2 Configuration of MIMO Antenna
		2.1 Analysis of MIMO Antenna
		2.2 Pattern Diversity Performance Analysis
	3 Performance Validation
		3.1 Parametric Analysis of MIMO Antenna
	4 Conclusion
	References
Energy Harvesting of Traditional Cantilever-Based MEMS Piezoelectric Energy Harvester
	1 Introduction
	2 Design Material for Piezoelectric Sensor
	3 Model of Piezoelectric Energy Scavenger
	4 Model of Piezoelectric Energy Scavenger
	5 Mathematical Modeling of Proposed Structure
		5.1 Resonant Frequency of an Unimorph Cantilever Beam
		5.2 Energy Relations of the Unimorph Piezoelectric Microcantilever
	6 Results and Discussions
	7 Conclusions
	References
Challenges and Impacts of RFID Technology in a Research Library
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 History of Research Library at IGCAR
	4 RFID-Based Integrated Library Management System at IGCAR
	5 RFID-Based Library Schema
		5.1 Physical Layer
		5.2 Interface Layer
		5.3 Communication Layer
		5.4 Processing Modules
		5.5 Application Layer
	6 Functionality and Components of RFID-Based ILMS at SIRD
	7 RFID Tagging and Commissioning at SIRD
	8 Challenges Faced While Implementing RFID
		8.1 Tagging Issues
		8.2 Circulation and Inventory Issues
		8.3 Security Issues
	9 The Impact of RFID Technology at SIRD
		9.1 Stock Verification and Shelf Management Analysis
		9.2 Counter-Transaction Productivity Analysis
		9.3 RFID-Based Member Cards
		9.4 Generating Management Information Reports
	10 Summary and Conclusion
	References
An Efficient Multiauthority Attribute-Based Encryption Technique for Storing Personal Health Record by Compressing the Attributes
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 System Model
	4 Conclusion
	References
BrainNET: A Deep Learning Network for Brain Tumor Detection and Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed System
		2.1 Proposed Detection Network: BrainNET
		2.2 Proposed Classification Networks
	3 Network Implementation
	4 Graphical User Interface of the Proposed System
	5 Result and Discussion
		5.1 BrainNET Detection Network
		5.2 Classification Networks
		5.3 BrainNET Classification Network
	6 Segmentation
	7 Conclusion
	References
High-Speed Inversion Using x4n Units
	1 Introduction
	2 Existing HS-ITA Using (2n) Blocks
	3 Proposed Modular Inversion for GF(2m) Using 4n Blocks
	4 Algorithm for HS-ITA Using 4n Units
	5 Control Word Development for Inverse Computation over GF(2163)
	6 Hardware Implementation of High-Speed ITA
	7 Experimental Results
	8 Conclusion
	References
Design of CPW-Fed Slot Antenna for 5G Mobile Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Geometry
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Energy-Conserving Cluster Method with Distance Criteria for Cognitive Radio Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 System Model
		3.1 Cluster-Based Cooperative Sensing with SNR Criteria
	4 Proposed Energy-Conserving Cluster Method with Distance Criteria (EECMD)
		4.1 Energy Consumption Analysis
		4.2 Relay Assistance in EECMD
		4.3 Spectrum-Efficiency (SE) and Energy-Efficiency (EE) Trade-off
	5 Simulations and Discussions
		5.1 Simulation of Cluster-Based CSS with SNR Criteria
		5.2 Simulation of Energy-Conserving Cluster Method with Distance Criteria
		5.3 Energy Consumption Analysis of Simulated Methods
		5.4 Relay Assistance and Energy Consumption Analysis
	6 Conclusions
	References
Quality Enhancement of Low Bit Rate Speech Coder with Nonlinear Prediction
	1 Introduction
	2 Code-Excited Linear Prediction Speech Codec (CELP)
	3 Estimation of Nonlinear Prediction Coefficients Using Volterra Series
		3.1 Short-Term Speech Prediction: Second-Order Volterra Model
		3.2 Long-Term Speech Prediction Using Volterra Model
	4 Code-Excited Nonlinear Prediction Speech Coder (CENLP)
		4.1 Implementation Details of CENLP Coder with Bitrate 4.8 Kbps
	5 Experimental Results
		5.1 Subjective Testing
		5.2 Objective Testing
	6 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Analysis of FCFS and SJF for Multimedia Process Scheduling
	1 Introduction
	2 Multimedia Task Scheduling
		2.1 Multimedia Task
		2.2 Scheduling Criteria
		2.3 Basic Definitions [29]
	3 Comparative Study of FCFS and SJF for Multimedia Task Scheduling
		3.1 Experimental Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Face Recognition Using Improved Co-HOG Features
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Background of Co-HOG
	4 Proposed Method
		4.1 Feature Extraction of the Proposed Method
	5 Experimental Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Non-destructive Testing for Cracks in Concrete
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Database
		3.2 CNN Model
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
On Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Breast Cancers Using Nuclear Atypia Scoring
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Dataset
	4 Taxonomy
		4.1 Pre-processing
		4.2 Segmentation
		4.3 Feature Selection
		4.4 Classification
	5 Conclusion
	References
Using Images for Real-Time Violence Detection in the Edge
	1 Deep Neural Networks and Violence Detection
		1.1 Violence Detection Using Deep Neural Networks
		1.2 Edge Computing and Violence Detection
	2 Images for Violence Detection on the Edge
		2.1 Reduced UCF-Crime Images
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusions and Future Directions
	References
Diagnosis of Epileptic Seizure a Neurological Disorder by Implementation of Discrete Wavelet Transform Using Electroencephalography
	1 Introduction
	2 EEG Signals and Brain Rhythms
	3 Methodology
		3.1 EEG Database
		3.2 Preprocessing and Artifact Removal
		3.3 Wavelet Implementation
		3.4 Feature Extraction
		3.5 Classification
	4 Performance Evaluation
	5 Result and Discussion
		5.1 Sensitivity
		5.2 Specificity
		5.3 Accuracy
		5.4 True Predictive Value
	6 Conclusion
	References
Detection and Recognition of License Plate Using CNN and LSTM
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 License Plate Detection
		2.2 Character Segmentation
		2.3 License Plate Recognition
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Convolutional Neural Network
		3.2 Recurrent Neural Network
		3.3 Long Short-Term Memory
		3.4 Transfer Learning
	4 Proposed System
		4.1 Car License Plate Detection
		4.2 Car License Plate Recognition
	5 Experimental Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Robust Adaptable Segmentation-Based Copy Move Forgery Detection Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Superpixel Segmentation
	4 Proposed Method
	5 Experimental Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Behavior Tracking in Video Surveillance Applications: A Detailed Study
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Background Subtraction/Segmentation
		1.2 Object Detection/Object Tracking
		1.3 Object Classification
		1.4 Object Tracking
	2 Methods of Object Tracking
		2.1 Shape-Based Object Tracking
		2.2 Occlusion-Based Object Tracking
	3 Methods of Behavior Analysis
		3.1 Hidden Markov Model-Based Behavior Analysis
		3.2 Fuzzy-Based Behavior Analysis in Video Surveillance
		3.3 Support Vector Machine-Based Behavior Analysis
		3.4 ANN-Based Behavior Analysis
		3.5 SOM-Based Behavior Analysis
		3.6 KNN-Based Behavior Analysis
		3.7 PCA-Based Behavior Analysis
		3.8 Other Methods
	4 Performance Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Different Substrate Material on Wearable Antenna for ISM Band Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Design and Methodology
	3 Simulations and Results
	4 Conclusion
	5 Future Work
	References
An Analytical Framework  for Comparing Flat and Hierarchical Architectures in Fog Computing Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Network Model and Contributions of Our Work
		2.1 Contributions
	3 Analytical Framework and Mathematical Analysis
		3.1 Hierarchical Architecture
		3.2 Analysis
		3.3 Compound Round-Robin Algorithm for `K\' Tier Architecture
		3.4 Flat Architecture
		3.5 Comparison Between Flat and Hierarchical Architecture
	4 Simulation Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusion
	References
Wideband Spectrum Sensing Using Geolocation Database for Cognitive Radio Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 System Model
	3 System Architecture
	4 Joint-Sparse Recovery Incorporated with Geolocation Database
		4.1 Compressed Sensing
		4.2 Modulated Wideband Converter
		4.3 Spectral Support Recovery with Prior Information
	5 Results and Discussions
		5.1 Simulation Setup
	6 Conclusions
	References
Anomaly Detection and Safe Transmission of ECG Signals in Point-of-Care Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Walsh–Hadamard Transform (WHT)
		3.2 Inverse Walsh–Hadamard Transform (IWHT)
	4 Results and Discussions
		4.1 Dataset
		4.2 Performance Measures
		4.3 Embedding Process
		4.4 Retrieval of Confidential Information
	5 Conclusion
	References
Multiband-Loaded Compact Antenna Design for WiMAX/WLAN/UWB Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design
	3 Results and Discussions
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Robust Tamil Text to Speech Synthesizer Using Support Vector Machine (SVM)
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Background
	2 Techniques of Speech Synthesis
		2.1 Articulatory Speech Synthesis
		2.2 Formant Speech Synthesis
		2.3 Concatenative Speech Synthesis
		2.4 Statistical Parametric Speech Synthesis
		2.5 Gaussian Mixture Model
	3 Support Vector Machine (SVM)
	4 Proposed SVM Classifier Scheme
	5 Results and Discussions
		5.1 Senitivity Analysis
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Large Number Multiplication  by Repeated Addition
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Algorithm
	3 Conclusion
	References
A Comparative Performance Analysis of Different Denoising Techniques in Sputum Smear Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Lıterature Survey
	3 Image Preprocessıng Methods
		3.1 Noise Removal
		3.2 Denoising Techniques
	4 Experimental Evaluation
		4.1 Quality Measurements
		4.2 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Design and Implementation of Compact Economic Kitchen Waste Recycler Bin
	1 Introduction
	2 Block Diagram of Proposed Recycle Bin
	3 Interfacing of Sensors, LCD Display, Heating Coil and Motor with Relay
	4 Hardware Implementation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Image Denoising Using DnCNN: An Exploration Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Noise Model
		2.2 Image Denoising Methods
	3 Methodology
		3.1 DnCNN Model for Image Denoising
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Qualitative Analysis
		4.2 Quantitative Analysis
		4.3 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References