Advanced Research in Technologies, Information, Innovation and Sustainability: First International Conference, ARTIIS 2021, La Libertad, Ecuador, ... in Computer and Information Science, 1485)

Preface
Organization
Contents
Computing Solutions
Dental Image Segmentation by Clustering Methods
	1 Introduction
	2 Contour Extraction on Dental Images
		2.1 Data Description
		2.2 Contour Detection Methods
		2.3 Limits of Contour Detection on Dental Images
	3 Image Segmentation with Clustering Techniques
		3.1 k-means Algorithm
		3.2 Initialization
		3.3 About the Norms
		3.4 Experimental Results
	4 Parallel Spectral Clustering
	5 Conclusion
	References
glossaLAB: Enabling the Co-creation of Interdisciplinary Knowledge Through the Reviving of Long-Term Conceptual Elucidation
	1 Introduction
		1.1 glossaLAB Project
	2 Making the Encyclopedic Corpus Interoperable
		2.1 From Source Format to LaTex
		2.2 From LaTex to MediaWiki Format
	3 Interdisciplinary Content Architecture
	4 System Infrastructure
		4.1 Current Network Architecture
		4.2 Long-Term Structure
	5 Conclusions
	References
Evaluation of Quality of Service in VoIP Traffic Using the E Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Bandwidth and Codec
		2.2 Traffic Model – E Model
		2.3 Procedure and Method Evaluation
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Multi-agent System for the Area of Medical Emergencies for Health Surveillance (MAS-AMeHs)
	1 Introduction
	2 Emergency Triage
		2.1 Pulse Oximeter
		2.2 Oxygen Saturation
		2.3 Heart Rate
	3 Internet of Things (IoT)
		3.1 Internet of Health Thing (IoTH)
		3.2 IoT Healthcare Architecture and Applications
		3.3 Cloud Integration
		3.4 Big Data
		3.5 Security
		3.6 Challenges
	4 Methodology
	5 Experimental Stage
	6 Results
	7 Conclusions and Discussions
	References
A Non-invasive Method for Premature Sudden Cardiac Death Detection: A Proposal Framework
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology of Literature Review
	3 Related Works
		3.1 Databases
		3.2 Preprocessing
		3.3 Feature Extraction
		3.4 Classification
		3.5 Results of Literature Review
		3.6 Discussion
	4 Research Proposal
		4.1 Preprocessing
		4.2 Feature Extractions
		4.3 Classification
	5 Conclusions
	References
Towards Portuguese Sign Language Identification Using Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Deep Learning Model
	4 Results
	5 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Evaluation of Manets Metrics for AODV and DSDV Protocols in VoIP Communications Using OMNeT++
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Evaluation of LoRa Technology for Aquaculture Pool Monitoring
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
		3.1 Experiments
	4 Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	References
Utility Evaluation of Software Product: An Industry Implementation
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Design
		2.1 Population and Sample
		2.2 Theoretical Foundation
		2.3 Software Artifact Design and Implementation
	3 Results
		3.1 Results of Statistical Analysis
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
An Algorithm for Automatic QRS Delineation Based on ECG-gradient Signal
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 ECG Signal Pre-processing
		2.2 Fiducial Points Location
	3 Results and Validation
		3.1 Description of the Databases
		3.2 Evaluation Metrics for QRS Complex
		3.3 Performance Evaluation and Discussion
	4 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
English Assessment Online Tool International Test of English Proficiency as an External Assessment Strategy in the PINE Career at UPSE University
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Problem Statement
		1.2 Research Question
		1.3 General Objective
	2 Literature Revies
		2.1 The Evaluation Process
		2.2 English Assessment
		2.3 Types of English Assessment Tests
		2.4 Online Exam
	3 International English Proficiency Exam or ITEP
	4 Legal Framework
	5 Career of Pedagogy of National and Foreign Languages of the Santa Elena Peninsula State University
	6 ITEP Exam Results for PINE Students
		6.1 The Test Results Given to PINE Students Reflect the Following
	7 Conclusions
	8 Recommendations
	References
Software Frameworks that Improve HCI Focused on Cognitive Cities. A Systematic Literature Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 HCI
		2.2 Framework
		2.3 Cognitive Cities
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Planning a Virtual Tour to a Research Center as an Educational Resource
	1 Contextualization
		1.1 The Importance of Educational Visits
		1.2 The Problem
		1.3 Our Goals
	2 Methodology
		2.1 The INL
		2.2 Description of a Physical Visit to INL
		2.3 Limitations of a Physical Visit
		2.4 Workflow
	3 Planning and Developing the Virtual Tour
		3.1 Bureaucratic Issues and Initial Planning
		3.2 Laboratories and Information
		3.3 Tools and Software
		3.4 Initial Preparation of the 360 Photos
	4 Material to Be Integrated into the Visit
		4.1 Gamification
		4.2 Gamification Content
	5 Validation of the Results
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Experimental Result Applied to a WISP Network in the Cumbaratza Parish of the Zamora Chinchipe Province
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Software Atoll
		2.2 Software Global Mapper
	3 Network Topologies and Radio Link
		3.1 Antennas
		3.2 Cables y Connectors
		3.3 Mast y Equipment Protection
		3.4 Direct Line of Sight
	4 Results
	5 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
ADDiagnosis: Support Tool for Psychologists in the Diagnosis of Attention Deficit Disorder in Children
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Design and Implementation
		3.1 Architecture Design
		3.2 Implementation
	4 Evaluation and Results
		4.1 Evaluation Design
		4.2 Results
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Data Intelligence
Innovation Process in Universities – A Bibliometric Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Background
		2.1 Innovation Process and Universities
		2.2 Innovation Process in Universities
	3 Research Design
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Contactless Human-Computer Interaction Using a Deep Neural Network Pipeline for Real-Time Video Interpretation and Classification
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Motivation and Contextualization
		1.2 Objectives
	2 Related Work
	3 Materials and Methods
		3.1 Data Processing
		3.2 Real Time Movement Capture
	4 Execution of the Operations
	5 Conclusions and Optimizations
	References
An Exploratory Analysis of COVID-19 in Latin America Using Functional Principal Component Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Method
		2.1 Data Collection
		2.2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions and Further Studies
	References
Multivariate Technical Analysis of Data on the Multidimensional Effects of Pandemics in Chile (1850–1923)
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Analysis of the Statistical Techniques Used
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Concluding Remarks
	References
An Analytical Overview of the Projects Approved by the Portugal 2020 Programme
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Methodologies and Tools
		3.1 Kimball Methodology
		3.2 Technical Architecture Design
		3.3 Tool Selection and Installation
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Data Quality Analysis
		4.2 Definition of the Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s)
		4.3 Multidimensional Model Design
		4.4 Extraction, Transformation and Loading System
	5 Results
	6 Discussion
	7 Conclusions
	References
Hybrid Algorithm of Convolutional Neural Networks and Vector Support Machines in Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 State of the Art
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Implementation of an Object Recognizer Through Image Processing and Backpropagation Learning Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Images
		2.1 Lighting
		2.2 Lighting Techniques
	3 Image Processing
		3.1 Binarization
		3.2 Edge Extraction
		3.3 Object Recognition Using Hough Transforms
	4 Artificial Neural Networks
		4.1 Artificial Neuron
		4.2 Backpropagation Algorithm
		4.3 Learning Process
	5 Implementation of the Object Recognition System
	6 Conclusions
	References
Generation of 3D Terrain Surfaces from Satellite Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
		2.1 Traditional Techniques
		2.2 Modern Techniques
	3 Terrain Surface Reconstruction
		3.1 Reconstruction Process
		3.2 Reconstruction Process
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Digital Influencers and Tourist Destinations: Cristiano Ronaldo and Madeira Island, from Promotion to Impact
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
	4 Results
		4.1 Madeira Island and Cristiano Ronaldo’s Publications Impact
		4.2 Madeira Island Destination Image
	5 Conclusions, Implications and Limitations
	References
Analysis of Chaos and Predicting the Price of Crude Oil in Ecuador Using Deep Learning Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Time Delay
		2.2 Lyapunov Exponent
		2.3 BDS Test
		2.4 Prediction Based on Artificial Neural Networks
	3 Performance Metrics for Prediction Models
		3.1 Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE)
		3.2 Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Percentage Error (Perr), and R2
	4 Results
		4.1 Data Description
		4.2 BDS Test
		4.3 Deterministic Chaos
		4.4 Artificial Neural Networks:
	5 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Analytical Dashboards of Civil Protection Occurrences in Portugal
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 What is Civil Protection?
		2.2 What Are Occurrences?
	3 Materials and Methods
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Analytical Questions
		4.2 Multi-dimensional Modelling and ETL Design
	5 Results
		5.1 Global Results
		5.2 Analysis of the years: 2016 vs 2017
		5.3 Analysis of the years: 2018 vs 2019
	6 Discussion
	7 Conclusions
	References
Hindcasting with Cluster-Based Analogues
	1 Introduction
	2 Combining the AnEn Method with Clustering
		2.1 Error-Based Score Metrics
		2.2 Cluster-Based Analogues
	3 Cluster-Based Analogues on Meteorological Datasets
		3.1 Meteorological Stations Datasets
		3.2 Number of Clusters
		3.3 Temporal Window Size
		3.4 Dependent Stations Method
		3.5 Prediction with Variables Different from the Predicted
		3.6 Computational Efficiency
	4 Conclusion
	References
Big Data as an Orientation Tool for  Networking Marketing
	1 Introduction
	2 The Problem of the Project
	3 State of the Art
		3.1 Theoretical-Conceptual Framework
		3.2 Naive Bayes Classifier
		3.3 Logistic Classifier
	4 Research Methodology
	5 Results and Analysis
	6 Conclusions
	7 Future Work
	References
Multivariant and Geo-Statistical Analysis of the Effects of the COVID 19 Pandemic of the Microenterprise Business Segment in Ecuador (Province of Santa Elena Case)
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Development and Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Identification of Breast Cancer Through Digital Processing of Mammograms
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Breast Cancer and Mammograms
		2.2 Digital Image Processing
		2.3 Machine Learning
	3 A Computer-Assisted Diagnosis System
		3.1 The Mamogram Database
		3.2 Digital Image Processing
		3.3 Feature Extraction
		3.4 Machine Learning Algorithms
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Ethics, Security, and Privacy
The Impact of Cloud Computing and Virtualization on Business
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Cloud Computing
		2.2 Virtualization
	3 Virtualization Versus Cloud
	4 Impact on Business
	5 Conclusions
	References
Use of Social Networks and Other Digital Platforms as Tools for Education. Systematic Literature Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Research Questions
		2.2 Research Questions
		2.3 Selection of Articles
		2.4 Extraction of Relevant Data
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Eliciting Preferences to Find Your Perfect Laptop: A Usability Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 System Architecture and Search Tools
		3.1 Query-by-Example Search Tool
		3.2 Pairwise Comparisons Search Tool
	4 Experiment Design
	5 Results
	6 Discussion
	7 Conclusions
	References
Internationalization at Home (IaH) as an Alternative for Academic Cooperation: A Mexico-Colombia Case
	1 Introduction
	2 Origin and Evolution of the Concept of Internationalization at Home (IaH)
	3 Comprehensive Internationalization: The Double Integration Strategy
	4 The Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León (UANL) and the UANL School of Business
	5 The Universidad de la Costa CUC and the Specialization in Integral Logistics
		5.1 The Specialization in Integral Logistics
	6 The Columbus Hub Academy Program
	7 UANL-CUC Case: An Exercise of Integration of Logistics and International Business Through Internationalization at Home (IaH)
	8 Conclusion
	References
Corruption in Public Contracts: Improvement of Control Through Quality Management Tools
	1 Introduction and State of the Art
		1.1 Corruption and Fraud in Public Contracts
		1.2 Organizational Culture
		1.3 The Codes of Ethics
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Compliance
		2.2 Risk Management
		2.3 ISO 37001
	3 Results
		3.1 Model Proposed to Improve Public Procurement with Comprehensive Quality
		3.2 Identification of Causes and Consequences in Public Procurement: Reverse Auction Case
		3.3 Application of the Components of the Proposed Anti-fraud Control Model
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Social Engineering: The Art of Attacks
	1 Introduction
	2 Social Engineering Human Manipulation
		2.1 Psychological Manipulation
		2.2 Human Weaknesses
	3 Social Engineering Attacks
		3.1 Reverse Social Engineering
		3.2 The Technical Approach
		3.3 Office Communication
		3.4 Authority and Fear Establishment
		3.5 Identity Exploration
		3.6 Personal Contact
		3.7 Tailgating
		3.8 Socially Engineered Attacks
		3.9 Attacks on Social Networks
		3.10 Most Commonly Used Attacks in Enterprises
	4 State of Future Attacks in Enterprises
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Look at Usability, Accessibility and Cybersecurity Standards in Software Development
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Software Disasters
		1.2 Software Usability
		1.3 Software Accessibility
		1.4 Cybersecurity in Software
		1.5 Standards and Best Practices
	2 Discussions and Conclusions
	References
Computational Modeling of the Thermal Effects on Composite Slabs Under Fire Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 Heat Transfer Problem
		2.1 Physical Domains
		2.2 Boundary Conditions
	3 Numerical Solution Through Finite Element Method
		3.1 Computational Solution with Matlab
	4 Simplified Calculation Method and Numerical Results
		4.1 Simplified Calculation Method
		4.2 Numerical Results
		4.3 New Calculation Proposal
		4.4 Comparing Results
	5 Final Considerations
	References
Optimal Control of a Passive Particle Advected by a Point Vortex
	1 Introduction
	2 Velocity Field Driven by a Vortex
	3 Control Problem
		3.1 Minimum Energy Problem
	4 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Challenges of Online Learning During the COVID-19: What Can We Learn on Twitter?
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Method
		3.1 Data Collection
		3.2 Text Pre-processing
		3.3 LDA
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusion
	References
Periodontopathies Prevention in Children Through the Digitalization of Play Activities
	1 Introduction
	2 State of the Art
		2.1 Video Games as a Learning Tool
	3 Implementation
	4 Discussion
	5 Future Works
	6 Conclusions
	References
Comparison of Test D2 with Electroencephalographic Signals to Measure Attention and Concentration in University Students
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Participants
		2.2 Materials
		2.3 Experimental Procedure
		2.4 Data Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	6 Future Work
	References
Laboratories of Public Innovation as a Methodology of Identification for Informal Settlements Actors in Duran City, Guayas, Ecuador
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Considerations
		2.1 The IS, Product of the Lack of Security of Land Ownership
		2.2 IS, Consequence of Its Geographical Location
	3 Contextualizing the Problem
	4 Analysis of the Situation of Duran’s Informality
	5 Supply and Demand of IS
		5.1 Demand for IS
		5.2 Offer from the IS
	6 Methodological Tools for Public Innovation.
		6.1 A Research Plans
		6.2 Actor’s Map
	7 Results
	8 Conclusions
	References
Sustainability
Design of Mobile Application for a Smart Home Nutrition System (SmartNS)
	1 Introduction
	2 Internet of Things
	3 Nutrition
	4 Intelligent Agent
	5 Ontology
	6 Proposal
		6.1 Analysis
		6.2 Developing
		6.3 Database, Nutrition Module
	7 Results
	8 Conclusions
	References
A Bibliometric Analysis About the Use of ICT in the Agricultural Sector
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Descriptive Analysis
		3.2 Thematic Areas Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
Towards a More Sustainable E-commerce in the Post-COVID-19 Recovery of Portuguese Companies
	1 Introduction
	2 Background on Plastic in Excess
	3 Methodology
	4 Field Work Results
		4.1 Results of the Analysis of Market Practices in Terms of Packaging
		4.2 Case Study
		4.3 Interview
		4.4 Survey Results - Inferential Statistics
	5 Solutions for a More Sustainable E-commerce
		5.1 Better Plastic Life Cycle Management
		5.2 Circular Economy
		5.3 Decrease/Replace the Use of Plastic
		5.4 Efficiency in Transport
		5.5 Conceptual Innovations
		5.6 Innovation Associated with Information Systems
	6 Practical Application of the Suggested Measures
		6.1 Action Timeline
		6.2 Fleet Electrification Plan
	7 Conclusions
	References
Opportunities and Challenges for Becoming Montañita in a Smart City
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Transversal Components
		2.2 Fundamental Components
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Montañita Background
		3.2 Opportunities and Challenges for Montañita
	4 Conclusions
	References
Online Impulse Buying – Integrative Review of Social Factors and Marketing Stimuli
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Framework
		2.1 Social Factors
		2.2 Marketing Stimuli
	3 Final Remarks
	References
Geographic Positioning and Flow Management for Electric and Electronic Equipment Waste (e-waste): Case of Chile and Generalizations for South-American Countries
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Literature
	3 Metodology
	4 Results
	5 Discussion and Remarks
	6 Conclusion
	1. References
Innovative Marketing Approaches as Triggers to Rural Tourism Sustainability: An In-Depth Analysis to Existing Literature
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodological Approach
		2.1 Research Strategy
	3 Results Analysis
	4 Conceptual Framework – What Future Holds
		4.1 Rural Tourism
		4.2 Innovative Marketing Approaches to Promote Rural Tourism
	5 Conclusions, Limitations and Future Research
	References
Smart Tourism Destinations: A Content Analysis Based on the View of the Experts
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Characterization of the Study
		3.2 Lisbon City Characterization
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Assessing Buyer’s Energy Consumed in the Purchase Process
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods of Research
		2.1 Interrelation of the Elements of the System “CRIS”
		2.2 Methods for Determining the Number of Calories Consumed
		2.3 Estimation of the Monetary Costs of End-Consumer Fatigue
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
The Potential of Digital Marketing in the Promotion of Low-Density Territories: The Case Study of Mirandela Municipality
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Digital Marketing in the Promotion of a Touristic Destination
	3 Methodology
	4 Presentation and Discussion of Results
		4.1 Public Entities
		4.2 Private Entities
	5 Conclusion
	References
Towards a Noise Pollution Public Policy for Sustainable Kindergartens
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Noise: Definition
		2.2 Noise Sources
		2.3 Health Effects of Noise
		2.4 Occupational Health Perspectives
		2.5 Information Technologies for Monitoring and Control
		2.6 Chilean Regulations
		2.7 Regulations in Other Countries
		2.8 Noise Maps
	3 Material and Methods
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Exploration of 3 W’s of Web Marketing in the Hotel Sector – A Study Conducted at the Casa da Calçada Hotel
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Consumer Behavior Trends in Hospitality After COVID-19
		2.2 Webmarketing Influence on the Hotel Sector
		2.3 The 3W (Web Design, Web Promotion and Web Performance)
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Sample Characterization
		3.2 Data Collection and Analysis Methods
		3.3 Interviews
	4 Data Findings and Analysis
		4.1 Website Analysis
		4.2 Webdesign
		4.3 Webpromotion
		4.4 Webperformance
	5 Conclusion
	References
Author Index