Advanced Composite Materials and Structures: Modeling and Analysis

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Editors
Contributors
Chapter 1: Multi-Directional Graded Composites: An Introduction
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Gradation Schemes in FGMs
		1.2.1 Power Law
		1.2.2 Exponential Law
		1.2.3 Sigmoid Law
	1.3 Homogenization Schemes in FGMs
		1.3.1 Voigt’s Scheme
		1.3.2 Reuss Scheme
		1.3.3 Mori-Tanaka Scheme
		1.3.4 Self-Consistent Method (SCM)
		1.3.5 Tamura Scheme
		1.3.6 Gasik-Ueda Model
		1.3.7 Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA)
		1.3.8 Kerner Model
		1.3.9 Hirano Model
	1.4 Comparison of Micromechanical Modeling Schemes
	1.5 Summary
	References
Chapter 2: Free Vibration Characteristics of Bi-Directional Functionally Graded Composite Panels
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Micromechanical Material Modeling of B-FGC Structure
		2.2.1 Voigt Model
		2.2.2 Mori–Tanaka Scheme
	2.3 Finite Element Formulations
		2.3.1 Higher-Order Kinematic Model
		2.3.2 Constitutive Relations
		2.3.3 Energy Equations
		2.3.4 Boundary Conditions
	2.4 Convergence and Validation Study
	2.5 Results and Discussion
	2.6 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 3: Analytical Solution for the Steady-State Heat Transfer Analysis of Porous Nonhomogeneous Material Structures
	3.1 Introduction
		3.1.1 Differential Transform Method
	3.2 Micromechanical Property of Even and Uneven Porous FGM
	3.3 Steady-State Heat Transfer Behavior of FGM Plate
		3.3.1 Physical Derivation of 1 D Heat Equation for FGM Plate
			3.3.1.1 Thermal Energy Stored within a Body with Nonhomogeneous Material Properties
			3.3.1.2 Fourier Law of Heat Transfer
			3.3.1.3 Principle of Energy Conservation
		3.3.2 Boundary Conditions
			3.3.2.1 Dirichlet Boundary Condition
			3.3.2.2 Neuman Boundary Condition
			3.3.2.3 Mixed Boundary Condition
		3.3.3 Nondimensionalization of Parameters
	3.4 Solution with Differential Transform Method
		3.4.1 Perfect Power-Law Graded X FGM
		3.4.2 Even Porous Power-Law Graded X FGM
	3.5 Results and Discussion
		3.5.1 Validation Study
		3.5.2 Numerical Illustration
	3.6 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 4: Effect of Corrugation on the Deformation Behavior of Spatially Graded Composite Panels
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Mathematical Formulation
		4.2.1 Effective Material Properties
		4.2.2 Displacement Field
		4.2.3 Strain Displacement Relations
		4.2.4 Constitutive Relation
		4.2.5 Strain Energy
		4.2.6 Work Done
		4.2.7 Finite Element Formulation
		4.2.8 Governing Equations
	4.3 Results and Discussion
		4.3.1 Convergence and Validation
		4.3.2 Numerical Experimentation
	4.4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgment
	References
Chapter 5: Graphene-Magnesium Core-Shell Nanocomposites: Physical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Electrical Properties
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Mathematical Modeling of the Properties
		5.2.1 Physical Property
		5.2.2 Mechanical Property
		5.2.3 Thermal Property
		5.2.4 Electrical Property
		5.2.5 With Varying Both Core and Shell Diameter
		5.2.6 With Varying Core Diameter and Fixed Shell Diameter
	5.3 Results and Discussion
		5.3.1 Estimation of Physical and Mechanical Properties
		5.3.2 Estimation of Thermal Properties
		5.3.3 Estimation of Electrical Properties
	5.4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
Chapter 6: Free Vibration of Carbon Nanotube–Reinforced Composite Beams under the Various Boundary Conditions
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Theoretical Formulation
	6.3 Basic Equations
		6.3.1 Fundamental Assumptions
		6.3.2 Kinematics
		6.3.3 Equations of Motion
	6.4 Analytical Solution
	6.5 Numerical Examples and Discussion
	6.6 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 7: Transient Characteristics of Carbon Nanotube–Reinforced Composite Plates under Blast Load
	7.1 Introduction
		7.1.1 Classifying Carbon Nanotubes
		7.1.2 Carbon Nanotube Structure
		7.1.3 Applications of Carbon Nanotubes
	7.2 Micromechanical Property of FG CNT
	7.3 Finite Element Formulation
		7.3.1 Strain Displacement Relationship
		7.3.2 Constitutive Relation
		7.3.3 Description of Structural and Other Second-Order Systems
		7.3.4 Time Integration Scheme for Linear Systems
		7.3.5 Dynamic Loading
			7.3.5.1 Exponential Blast Load
			7.3.5.2 Sine Load
			7.3.5.3 Triangular Load
			7.3.5.4 Step Load
	7.4 Results and Discussion
		7.4.1 Support Conditions
		7.4.2 Convergence Test
		7.4.3 Validation Test
		7.4.4 Numerical Illustration
			7.4.4.1 Effect of Different Types of Loading
			7.4.4.2 Effect of Boundary Condition
			7.4.4.3 Effect of Geometrical Parameter
	7.5 Concluding Remarks
	References
Chapter 8: Micromechanics-Based Finite Element Analysis of HAp- Ti Biocomposite Sinusoid Structure Using Homogenization Schemes
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Mathematical Formulation
		8.2.1 Effective Material Properties
			8.2.1.1 Voigt’s Rule-of-Mixture
			8.2.1.2 Mori–Tanaka Scheme
		8.2.2 Kinematic Field
		8.2.3 Constitutive and Energy Equations
		8.2.4 Finite Element Approximations
	8.3 Numerical Results and Discussion
		8.3.1 Mesh Refinement and Verification Study
		8.3.2 Numerical Experimentations
	8.4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgment
	References
Chapter 9: Stability Behavior of Biocomposite Structures Using 2D-Finite Element Approximation
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Micromechanical Material Modeling
		9.2.1 Evaluation of Volume Fractions
		9.2.2 Effective Material Properties
	9.3 Finite Element Formulations
		9.3.1 Kinematic Model
		9.3.2 Constitutive Equations
		9.3.3 Strain Energy Due to In-Plane Loading
		9.3.4 Governing Equations
	9.4 Stability Behavior of Biocomposite Structures
		9.4.1 Convergence and Comparison Tests
		9.4.2 Numerical Examples
			9.4.2.1 Effect of Volume Fraction Index on Buckling Strength of FG Plate
			9.4.2.2 Effect of Thickness Ratio on Buckling Strength of FG Plate
			9.4.2.3 Effect of Aspect Ratio on Buckling Strength of FG Plate
	9.5 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 10: Dynamic Analysis of Sandwich Composite Plate Structures with Honeycomb Auxetic Core
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 The Properties of Honeycomb Structures and Materials
		10.2.1 The Effective Properties of Honeycomb Cells
	10.3 Derivation of the Governing Equations of a Sandwich Plate
		10.3.1 Orthotropic Material Properties
		10.3.2 Kinematic Displacement and Strains for Laminate
		10.3.3 Stiffness Matrix Relating Resultants for a Composite Laminate
		10.3.4 Stiffness Matrices for a Sandwich Plate
		10.3.5 Simply Supported Sandwich Plate
	10.4 Results and Discussion
		10.4.1 Study of Convergence and Validation of Natural Frequencies
		10.4.2 Influence of Face Sheet Thickness on Natural Frequencies
		10.4.3 Influence of Core Thickness on Natural Frequencies
		10.4.4 Influence of Cell Thickness on Natural Frequencies
	10.5 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 11: Hygrothermoelastic Responses of Sinusoidally Corrugated Fiber-Reinforced Laminated Composite Structures
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Mathematical Formulations
		11.2.1 Strain–Displacement Relations
	11.3 Governing Equation and Solution Scheme
	11.4 Results and Discussions
		11.4.1 Convergence and Validation
		11.4.2 Numerical Experimentations
			11.4.2.1 Corrugated Laminated Composite Panel Subjected to Mechanical Load
			11.4.2.2 Corrugated Laminated Composite Panel Subjected to Thermal Load
			11.4.2.3 Corrugated Laminated Composite Panel Subjected to Hygral Load
			11.4.2.4 Corrugated Laminated Composite Panel Subjected to Combined Load
	11.5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgment
	References
Chapter 12: Flexural Behavior of Shear Deformable FGM Composites with Corrugation: Higher-Order Finite Element Approximation
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Mathematical Formulation
		12.2.1 Effective Material Properties
		12.2.2 Displacement Field
		12.2.3 Strain–Displacement Relations
		12.2.4 Constitutive Relation
		12.2.5 Strain Energy
		12.2.6 Work Done
	12.3 Finite Element Formulation
	12.4 Results and Discussion
		12.4.1 Convergence Behavior of Corrugated FG Panel
		12.4.2 Validation with FG Cylindrical Shell
		12.4.3 Numerical Experimentations
	12.5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgment
	References
Chapter 13: Multiscale Analysis of Laminates Printed by 3D Printing Fused Deposition Modeling Method
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Methodology
		13.2.1 Mathematical Homogenization of the RVE
		13.2.2 Design of the RVE
		13.2.3 Computational Analysis of the RVE
	13.3 Results and Discussions
	13.4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgment
	References
Chapter 14: Flexural Behavior of Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Composites with Multiple Cutouts
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Types of Composite
		14.2.1 Type of CNT According to Number of Tubes
		14.2.2 Type of CNT According to Distribution
	14.3 Application of FGCNT-Reinforced Composites
	14.4 Research in FGCNT-Reinforced Composite
	14.5 Effective Material Properties
	14.6 Numerical Modeling of Perforated Plate
	14.7 Results and Discussion
	14.8 Conclusions
	Acknowledgment
	References
Chapter 15: Damage Studies in Curved Hybrid Laminates under Pullout Loading
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 Computational Damage Model
		15.2.1 Damage Initiation Law
		15.2.2 Damage Evolution Law
		15.2.3 Interlaminar Damage
	15.3 Finite Element Model
		15.3.1 Modeling Strategy
		15.3.2 Plane Strain Model
		15.3.3 Plane Stress Model
	15.4 Failure Load Prediction
	15.5 Damages Predicted in Curved Region
	15.6 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 16: Dynamic Behavior of Laminated Composites with Internal Delamination
	16.1 Introduction
	16.2 Theoretical Formulation
		16.2.1 Displacement Kinematics
		16.2.2 Stress-Strain Relation
		16.2.3 Energy Relation
		16.2.4 Finite Element Formulation
		16.2.5 System Governing Equation
	16.3 ABAQUS Model Development
	16.4 Results and Discussion
		16.4.1 Validation Study
		16.4.2 New Numerical Illustrations
			16.4.2.1 Delamination Size Effect on Different Modes of Flat Composite
			16.4.2.2 Effect of Different Shapes of Delamination
			16.4.2.3 Mode Shapes of Different Shape of Delamination
	16.5 Conclusions
	References
Index