Achieving sustainable production of eggs: Safety and Quality: 1

Improving gut health in poultry
	Contents
	Series list
	Acknowledgements
	Introduction
	Part 1 Understanding the gastrointestinal tract
		Chapter 1 Commercial poultry production and gut function: a historical perspective
			1 Introduction
			2 Origins of the broiler chicken
			3 Vertical integration
			4 Nutrition
			5 Genetic selection
			6 Housing
			7 Veterinary care
			8 Poultry industry challenges in gut health
			9 Conclusions
			10 Acknowledgements
			11 Where to look for further information
			12 References
		Chapter 2 Advances in sequence technologies for generating poultry gut microbiome data
			1 Introduction
			2 Culture-dependent microbiome analysis
			3 Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP)
			4 Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE)
			5 16S ribosomal RNA clone library sequencing
			6 Next-generation sequencing (Roche 454, Illumina, and Ion Torrent)
			7 Third-generation sequencing (Pacbio SMRT and Oxford Nanopore MinION)
			8 Microbiome, metagenomics, and metatranscriptomics
			9 Conclusion and future trends
			10 Where to look for further information
			11 References
		Chapter 3 Omics technologies for connecting host responses with poultry gut function
			1 Introduction
			2 Gastrointestinal tract – functions, physiology and microbiota
			3 Omics technologies – how to use and what can they tell us?
			4 Application of omics to study the chicken intestine
			5 Case study: proteomic analysis of the mucosal layer along the chicken gut – host and microbiome
			6 Summary and future trends
			7 Where to look for further information
			8 References
		Chapter 4 Understanding gut microbiota in poultry
			1 Introduction
			2 The microbiota of chickens
			3 Functional interaction of microbiota and host
			4 Microbiota manipulation for chicken health and productivity
			5 Future trends
			6 Where to look for further information
			7 References
		Chapter 5 In ovo development of the chicken gut microbiome and its impact on later gut function
			1 Introduction
			2 In ovo use of biologics to shape the gut microbiome
			3 Competitive exclusion cultures
			4 Probiotics
			5 Prebiotics
			6 Synbiotics
			7 Other biologics
			8 Conclusion and future trends
			9 Where to look for further information
			10 References
		Chapter 6 Understanding gut function in poultry: immunometabolism at the gut level
			1 Introduction
			2 Immunometabolism
			3 Assessing metabolic gut function
			4 Inflammatory feed components
			5 Feeding immunometabolism
			6 Conclusion and future trends
			7 Where to look for further information
			8 References
		Chapter 7 Understanding gut function in poultry: the role of commensals, metabolites, inflammation and dysbiosis in intestinal immune function and dysfunction
			1 Introduction
			2 Intestinal immunity
			3 Microbiota interactions with the immune system
			4 Gut microbiota as an epigenetic regulator of gut function
			5 Dysregulation of gut functionality
			6 Future trends and conclusion
			7 References
	Part 2 Factors that impact the gastrointestinal tract and different types of birds
		Chapter 8 Genetics and other factors affecting intestinal microbiota and function in poultry
			1 Introduction
			2 Characteristics of poultry intestines as an environmental for microbiota
			3 Factors that affect the development and function of intestinal microbiota in poultry
			4 Future trends and conclusion
			5 Where to look for further information
			6 References
		Chapter 9 Antibiotics and gut function: historical and current perspectives
			1 Introduction
			2 Historical perspectives on antibiotics in poultry production
			3 Future perspectives on antibiotics in poultry production
			4 Conclusion
			5 Where to look for further information
			6 References
		Chapter 10 Gastrointestinal diseases of poultry: causes and nutritional strategies for prevention and control
			1 Introduction
			2 Gastrointestinal (GI) tract diseases
			3 Nutritional interventions
			4 Conclusion and future trends
			5 Where to look for further information
			6 References
		Chapter 11 The interaction between gut microbiota and pathogens in poultry
			1 Introduction
			2 Common intestinal pathogens and the associated diseases
			3 Interactions between gut pathogens and microbiota and the impact on host nutrition and health
			4 Summary and future trends
			5 Where to look for further information
			6 References
		Chapter 12 Microbial ecology and function of the gastrointestinal tract in layer hens
			1 Introduction
			2 Layer hen gastrointestinal tract (GIT) structure and function
			3 Layer hen gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbial ecology
			4 Layer hen gastrointestinal tract (GIT) molecular characterization
			5 Layer hen: next-generation sequencing and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiome analysis
			6 Modulation of the laying hen gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiome
			7 Conclusion and future trends
			8 Where to look for further information
			9 References
	Part 3 Feed additives and gut health modulation
		Chapter 13 Controlling pathogens in the poultry gut
			1 Introduction
			2 The gastrointestinal microbiota
			3 Probiotics and competitive exclusion cultures
			4 Prebiotics
			5 Bacteriophages
			6 Organic acids
			7 Sodium chlorate
			8 Conclusion
			9 Where to look for further information
			10 References
		Chapter 14 The role of probiotics in optimizing gut function in poultry
			1 Introduction
			2 Experiences of probiotics in poultry
			3 Probiotics and inflammation
			4 Risks of overuse of antibiotics
			5 The use of direct-fed microbials
			6 Conclusion
			7 Where to look for further information
			8 References
		Chapter 15 Role of prebiotics in poultry gastrointestinal tract health, function, and microbiome composition
			1 Introduction
			2 Prebiotics: definition
			3 The avian upper GIT: potential impact of prebiotics
			4 The avian intestinal microbiome, function, and prebiotics
			5 Cecal composition and functional characteristics
			6 Cecal microbiome: general characteristics
			7 Cecal microbiome and prebiotics: current perspectives and future prospects
			8 Summary and conclusions
			9 Where to look for further information
			10 References
		Chapter 16 The role of synbiotics in optimizing gut function in poultry
			1 Introduction
			2 Probiotics
			3 Prebiotics
			4 Synbiotics
			5 Conclusion and future trends
			6 Where to look for further information
			7 References
		Chapter 17 Short chain organic acids: microbial ecology and antimicrobial activity in the poultry gastrointestinal tract
			1 Introduction
			2 Short chain organic acid production in the upper poultry gastrointestinal tract
			3 Cecal fermentation and generation of short chain organic acids
			4 Functions of cecal short chain organic acids: host metabolism
			5 Functions of cecal short chain organic acids: pathogen inhibition
			6 Feed contamination and feed additives: general concepts
			7 Activities of short chain organic acids in the feed
			8 Short chain organic acids: feeding studies
			9 Conclusion
			10 Where to look for further information
			11 References
		Chapter 18 The role of essential oils and other botanicals in optimizing gut function in poultry
			1 Introduction
			2 The emergence of regulations to curb antibiotic resistance
			3 Phytobiotics: an emerging group of alternatives
			4 Potential role of phytobiotics to improve gut health in poultry
			5 Benefits of improving gut health on poultry production
			6 Conclusion and future trends
			7 References
		Chapter 19 The role of specific cereal grain dietary components in poultry gut function
			1 Introduction
			2 The poultry gut
			3 Functions of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)
			4 General structure of cereal grains
			5 Nutrient composition of cereal grains
			6 Anti-nutritive components of cereal grains
			7 Role of cereal grain components in poultry gut function
			8 Possible mechanisms by which cereal grain dietary components affect gut function
			9 Conclusion
			10 Where to look for further information
			11 References
	Index