Abrupt Climate Change: Mechanisms, Patterns, and Impacts

Title Page
......Page 3
Copyright
......Page 4
CONTENTS......Page 5
Preface
......Page 7
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 8
2. KEY QUESTIONS FOR THE ACC CONFERENCE......Page 9
3. DISCUSSION OF MAJOR FINDINGS......Page 10
4. RECOMMENDATIONS......Page 17
REFERENCES......Page 18
A Review of Abrupt Climate Change Events in the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean Iberian Margin: Latitudinal, Longitudinal, and Vertical Gradients......Page 22
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 23
2. MODERN HYDROGRAPHIC SETTING......Page 24
3. MATERIAL AND METHODS......Page 26
4. CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIES......Page 28
5. SURFACE WATER GRADIENTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE POLAR FRONT POSITION......Page 29
6. IMPACTS ON THE GLACIAL UPPER WATER COLUMN......Page 34
7. IMPRINTS THROUGHOUT THE WHOLEWATER COLUMN......Page 36
8. CONCLUSIONS......Page 40
REFERENCES......Page 41
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 45
2. PREVIOUS STUDIES OF DEGLACIAL MELTWATERIN THE GULF OF MEXICO......Page 47
3. ORCA BASIN CLIMATE RECORDS......Page 48
4. CESSATION OF MELTWATER INPUT AND THE YOUNGER DRYAS EVENT......Page 49
5. ISOLATING δ18Osw USING PAIRED δ18O AND Mg/Ca DATA......Page 50
6. TESTING THE MELTWATER ROUTING HYPOTHESIS DURING MIS 3......Page 52
7. ICE SHEET MELTWATER AND THE ATLANTIC OCEAN DEEP CIRCULATION......Page 53
9. CONCLUSIONS......Page 56
REFERENCES......Page 57
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 63
3. SEA ICE EXTENT AND OCEAN TEMPERATURE DURING ABRUPT CLIMATE CHANGE......Page 65
4. THE LANGEVIN AND VAN DER POL MODELS......Page 66
5. RELATION BETWEEN SURFACE AND DEEP OCEAN TEMPERATURE HISTORIES......Page 70
6. DISCUSSION......Page 74
A2. NOISY VAN DER POL OSCILLATOR......Page 75
A3. ECBILT-CLIO......Page 76
REFERENCES......Page 79
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 81
2. MODEL AND EXPERIMENTAL SETUP......Page 83
3. TWO-STAGE FEATURE OF AMOC RECOVERY......Page 84
4. CAUSES OF TWO-STAGE AMOC RECOVERY......Page 88
5. DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 95
REFERENCES......Page 96
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 99
3. MATERIALS AND METHODS......Page 100
4. RESULTS......Page 104
5. DISCUSSION......Page 107
REFERENCES......Page 114
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 117
3. SELECTED DATA SETS......Page 119
4. IMPLICATIONS FOR FIELD SAMPLING CRITERIA......Page 122
6. DISCUSSION......Page 124
REFERENCES......Page 126
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 129
2. PREVIOUS HYPOTHESES......Page 130
3. THE ̿14C RECORD AND THE TIMINGOF ATMOSPHERIC CO2 CHANGE......Page 134
4. ARE THERE OTHER SOURCES OF ̿14C-DEPLETED CARBON IN THE OCEAN?......Page 135
5. AN OCEAN CO2 CAPACITOR?......Page 136
6. STORAGE AND PRODUCTION OF CO2 DURING GLACIATIONS......Page 139
REFERENCES......Page 140
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 145
2. REGIONAL SETTING......Page 148
3. METHODS......Page 150
4. CORE STRATIGRAPHY......Page 152
5. RESULTS......Page 153
6. DISCUSSION......Page 160
7. CONCLUSIONS......Page 161
REFERENCES......Page 162
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 166
2. DATA SELECTION......Page 168
4. SUBPOLAR ATLANTIC VARIABILITY OF PALEOTEMPERATURE AND SALINITY......Page 170
5. ON THE ORIGIN OF THE 1500 YEAR OSCILLATION......Page 172
REFERENCES......Page 175
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 177
2. DATA AND METHODS......Page 178
3. RECORDS OF ABRUPT CLIMATE CHANGE INNORTH AMERICA DURING THE HOLOCENE......Page 180
REFERENCES......Page 185
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 188
3. FOSSIL GROUNDWATER IN THE REGION......Page 189
4. NEOTECTONIC DISTURBANCES......Page 190
6. ARCHEOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN THE REGION......Page 191
8. CONCLUSIONS......Page 195
REFERENCES......Page 196
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 198
2. STUDY AREA......Page 199
3. METHODS......Page 200
5. DISCUSSION......Page 203
6. CONCLUSIONS......Page 212
REFERENCES......Page 213
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 217
2. ABRUPT CLIMATE EVENTS IN THE HOLOCENE......Page 219
3. CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE PERUVIAN ANDES AND THE RISE AND FALL OF CIVILIZATIONS......Page 223
4. CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS CURRENT EFFECTS ON THE CRYOSPHERE......Page 225
5. CONCLUSIONS......Page 230
REFERENCES......Page 232
AGU Category Index......Page 236
Index......Page 237