A Project-Based Approach to Translation Technology

Cover
Half Title
Series Information
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of contents
Figures
Tables
Preface
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Glossary
Introduction for instructors
	The role of the instructor
	The learning process
	Student-centred project management
	Project-based assignments
	Cross-curricular or modular approach
	Assessment
	Team setup
	Completion dates and source texts
	Hardware and software
	Checklist for the instructor:
Introduction for students and translators
	What the book plans to teach you
	Teamwork and code of conduct
	Pitfalls
1 Computer-aided translation tools and translation project management
	Key concepts
	Introduction
	1.1 Translation environment tools (TEnT)
	1.2 Compatibility
	1.3 Translation memory
	Food for thought…
	1.4 File management
		1.4.1 Filenames
			Do not change filenames
			Label files with short names or numbers and language tags
			Non-alphabetic languages
			Language codes or tags
			Target language tags/codes
			Parent folder
			TMs EN-FR and EN-IT
			CAT tool folder
			Tips
				[…] symbol
				Do not move files
	1.5 From Microsoft to CAT tools
		1.5.1 The ribbon
		1.5.2 Keyboard shortcuts
	1.6 The CAT tool
		1.6.1 CAT tool features
		1.6.2 Standalone and web-based CAT tools
		1.6.3 CAT tools and cognitive ergonomics
	Food for thought…
	1.7 Translation project management
		1.7.1 Volume and demands
		1.7.2 Translation workflow
		1.7.3 The translator in the workflow
		1.7.4 Project management by the language service provider
		1.7.5 Project-based assignments and project management
		1.7.6 Human resources database
	1.8 Cognitive friction
	Project-based assignment
	Assignment brief
	Possible pitfalls
	Concluding remarks
	Further reading
2 The translation memory database
	Key concepts
	Introduction
	2.1 Creating a translation memory database
	Food for thought…
		2.1.1 Segmentation
		2.1.2 The concordance and consistency
		2.1.3 The analysis feature and fees
	Food for thought…
	2.2 Metadata and subsegment matching
	2.3 Boosting the translation memory
		2.3.1 Alignment
		2.3.2 Translation memory and reference files
		2.3.3 TMX files
	2.4 Formats
		MS Excel
		HTML
		XLIFF and TMX
		PDF
	2.5 Other functions and features on the ribbon
		2.5.1 Filters
		2.5.2 Regex
	Project-based assignment
	Assignment brief
	Possible pitfalls
	Concluding remarks
	Further reading
3 Integration of machine translation in translation memory systems
	Key concepts
	Introduction
	3.1 Artificial intelligence and machine translation
	3.2 From statistical to neural machine translation in the CAT tool
	3.3 Matches from the translation memory and machine translation compared
	3.4 Machine translation – access and integration
	Food for thought…
	3.5 Translation memories train machine translation engines
	3.6 Adaptive MT engines
	Food for thought…
	3.7 MT quality in the CAT tool
		3.7.1 Quality management
		Food for thought…
		3.7.2 How to evaluate machine translation
		3.7.3 Evaluation models and metrics
	Project-based assignment
	Assignment brief
	Possible pitfalls
	Concluding remarks
	Further reading
4 The terminology database
	Key concepts
	Introduction
	4.1 Terms and terminology
		4.1.1 Glossary
	Food for thought…
		4.1.2 Term extraction
		4.1.3 Metadata
	Food for thought…
		4.1.4 Standardisation and quality assurance
	4.2 Web searches
		4.2.1 Search techniques
	4.3 Corpora
		4.3.1 Digital dictionaries
		4.3.2 Multilingual data corpora
		4.3.3 The creation of corpora
	Food for thought…
	4.4 CAT concordance
		4.4.1 External concordances
	4.5 Morphology and the terminology database
	4.6 Termbanks
	Project-based assignment
	Assignment brief
	Possible pitfalls
	Concluding remarks
	Further reading
5 Human and technological quality assurance
	Key concepts
	5.1 Quality and standards
		5.1.1 Quality assurance and assessment
	5.2 Quality in different TEnTs
		5.2.1 Quality assurance in CAT tools
		5.2.2 Quality assessment of MT technology
		5.2.3 Web localisation and quality
	5.3 Revision in CAT tools
		5.3.1 CAT revision of bilingual and monolingual files
	5.4 ISO standards
	Food for thought…
	5.5 Revision and evaluation
		5.5.1 Human evaluation
	5.6 The post-edit of wholly or partly machine  translated texts
	Food for thought…
		5.6.1 PEMT quality
	Project-based assignment
	Assignment brief
	Possible pitfalls
	Concluding remarks
	Further reading
6 Digital ethics and risk management
	Key concepts
	Introduction
	6.1 Intellectual property rights (IP) and ownership
	6.2 Confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements
	6.3 Business terms and conditions in relation to confidentiality and digital security
	Food for thought…
	6.4 Data sharing and data protection
		6.4.1 Google and GDPR
	6.5 Digital ethics of shared TM and MT databases
	6.6 Risk management
		6.6.1 Our security and intellectual property rights in translation projects
	Food for thought…
		6.6.2 Risk factors
		6.6.3 Risk response
	Project-based assignment
	Assignment brief
	Possible pitfalls
	Concluding remarks
	Further reading
7 Web-based translation environment tools
	Key concepts
	Introduction
	7.1 Integrated translation environment
		7.1.1 Speech recognition
	7.2 Servers and web-based CAT tools
	7.3 Digital platforms
		7.3.1 Translator platform
		7.3.2 Marketplace platform
		7.3.3 Localisation platform
		7.3.4 Translation platform
		7.3.5 Knowledge platform
		7.3.6 Crowdsourcing platform
		7.3.7 The portal
		Food for thought…
	7.4 From content to translation management systems
	7.5 Translation management systems
	Food for thought…
	7.6 Localisation of webpages and search engine  optimisation
	7.7 Translation technology and the users
	Project-based assignment
	Assignment brief
	Possible pitfalls
	Concluding remarks
	Further reading
Bibliography
Index