A People and a Nation: A History of the United States, Volume II: Since 1865

Front Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Brief Contents......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
Maps......Page 14
Tables......Page 15
Legacy for a People and a Nation......Page 16
Preface......Page 18
About the Authors......Page 24
16 Reconstruction: An Unfinished Revolution, 1865–1877......Page 26
Wartime Reconstruction......Page 29
The Meanings of Freedom......Page 31
Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan......Page 35
The Congressional Reconstruction Plan......Page 37
Politics and Reconstruction in the South......Page 44
Retreat from Reconstruction......Page 49
Links to the World: The Grants’ Tour of the World......Page 51
Summary......Page 54
Legacy for a People and a Nation: The Lost Cause......Page 55
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 56
17 The Development of the West, 1865–1900......Page 58
The Economic Activities of Native Peoples......Page 61
The Transformation of Native Cultures......Page 63
The Extraction of Natural Resources......Page 68
Irrigation and Transportation......Page 73
Links to the World: The Australian Frontier......Page 76
Farming the Plains......Page 78
The Ranching Frontier......Page 82
Legacy for a People and a Nation: The Myth of the Cowboy......Page 85
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 86
18 The Machine Age, 1877–1920......Page 88
Technology and the Triumph of Industrialization......Page 92
Links to the World: The Atlantic Cable......Page 93
Standards of Living......Page 107
The Corporate Consolidation Movement......Page 112
The Gospel of Wealth and Its Critics......Page 115
Mechanization and the Changing Status of Labor......Page 97
Labor Violence and the Union Movement......Page 102
Legacy for a People and a Nation: Technology of Recorded Sound......Page 117
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 118
19 The Vitality and Turmoil of Urban Life, 1877–1920......Page 120
Growth of the Modern City......Page 123
Urban Neighborhoods......Page 131
Living Conditions in the Inner City......Page 135
Managing the City......Page 137
Family Life......Page 141
The New Leisure and Mass Culture......Page 144
Links to the World: Japanese Baseball......Page 146
Legacy for a People and a Nation: Ethnic Food......Page 151
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 152
20 Gilded Age Politics, 1877–1900......Page 154
The Nature of Party Politics......Page 157
Issues of Legislation......Page 158
Tentative Presidents......Page 161
Discrimination, Disfranchisement, and Responses......Page 164
Agrarian Unrest and Populism......Page 167
Links to the World: Russian Populism......Page 172
The Depression and Protests of the 1890s......Page 173
The Silver Crusade and the Election of 1896......Page 176
Summary......Page 179
Legacy for a People and a Nation: Interpreting a Fairy Tale......Page 180
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 181
21 The Progressive Era, 1895–1920......Page 182
The Varied Progressive Impulse......Page 185
Links to the World: Workers’ Compensation......Page 187
Government and Legislative Reform......Page 190
New Ideas in Social Institutions......Page 192
Challenges to Racial and Sexual Discrimination......Page 196
Theodore Roosevelt and the Revival of the Presidency......Page 201
Woodrow Wilson and the Extension of Progressive Reform......Page 206
Legacy for a People and a Nation: Margaret Sanger, Planned Parenthood, and the Birth-Control Controversy......Page 208
Summary......Page 209
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 210
22 The Quest for Empire, 1865–1914......Page 212
Imperial Dreams......Page 216
Links to the World: National Geographic......Page 219
Ambitions and Strategies......Page 221
Crises in the 1890s: Hawai’i, Venezuela, and Cuba......Page 223
The Spanish-American War and the Debate over Empire......Page 226
Asian Encounters: War in the Philippines, Diplomacy in China......Page 229
TR’s World......Page 231
Legacy for a People and a Nation: Guantanamo Bay......Page 236
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 237
23 Americans in the Great War, 1914–1920......Page 238
Precarious Neutrality......Page 241
The Decision for War......Page 244
Winning the War......Page 246
Links to the World: The Influenza Pandemic of 1918......Page 252
Mobilizing the Home Front......Page 253
Civil Liberties Under Challenge......Page 257
Red Scare, Red Summer......Page 258
The Defeat of Peace......Page 261
Legacy for a People and a Nation: Freedom of Speech and the ACLU......Page 266
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 267
24 The New Era, 1920–1929......Page 268
Big Business Triumphant......Page 271
Politics and Government......Page 272
A Consumer Society......Page 274
Cities, Migrants, and Suburbs......Page 277
Links to the World: Pan American Airways......Page 279
New Rhythms of Everyday Life......Page 281
Lines of Defense......Page 285
The Age of Play......Page 288
Cultural Currents......Page 291
The Election of 1928 and the End of the New Era......Page 292
Legacy for a People and a Nation: Intercollegiate Athletics......Page 296
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 297
25 The Great Depression and the New Deal, 1929–1941......Page 298
Hoover and Hard Times 1929-1933......Page 301
Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Launching of the New Deal......Page 306
Political Pressure and the Second New Deal......Page 312
Labor......Page 316
Federal Power and the Nationalization of Culture......Page 319
Links to the World: The 1936 Olympic Games......Page 322
The Limits of the New Deal......Page 324
Legacy for a People and a Nation: Social Security......Page 328
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 329
26 The United States in a Troubled World, 1920–1941......Page 330
Searching for Peace and Order in the 1920s......Page 333
The World Economy, Cultural Expansion, and Great Depression......Page 335
U.S. Dominance in Latin America......Page 339
The Course to War in Europe......Page 343
Japan, China, and a New Order in Asia......Page 346
U.S. Entry into World War II......Page 349
Links to the World: Radio News......Page 351
Legacy for a People and a Nation: Presidential Deception of the Public......Page 356
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 357
27 The Second World War at Home and Abroad, 1941–1945......Page 358
The United States at War......Page 361
The Production Front and American Workers......Page 364
Life on the Home Front......Page 367
The Limits of American Ideals......Page 371
Links to the World: War Brides......Page 372
Life in the Military......Page 376
Winning the War......Page 377
Legacy for a People and a Nation: Nuclear Proliferation......Page 384
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 385
28 The Cold War and American Globalism, 1945–1961......Page 386
From Allies to Adversaries......Page 390
Containment in Action......Page 394
Unrelenting Cold War......Page 403
Links to the World: The People-to-People Campaign......Page 405
Struggle for the Third World......Page 407
The Cold War in Asia......Page 398
The Korean War......Page 400
Summary......Page 414
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 415
29 America at Midcentury, 1945–1960......Page 416
Shaping Postwar America......Page 419
Domestic Politics in the Cold War Era......Page 423
Cold War Fears and Anticommunism......Page 426
The Struggle for Civil Rights......Page 429
Creating a Middle-Class Nation......Page 432
Men, Women, and Youth at Midcentury......Page 437
Links to the World: Barbie......Page 440
The Limits of the Middle-Class Nation......Page 441
Legacy for a People and a Nation: The Pledge of Allegiance......Page 446
Summary......Page 445
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 447
30 The Tumultuous Sixties, 1960–1968......Page 448
Kennedy and the Cold War......Page 451
Marching for Freedom......Page 455
Liberalism and the Great Society......Page 458
Johnson and Vietnam......Page 464
A Nation Divided......Page 469
Links to the World: The British Invasion......Page 474
1968......Page 475
Summary......Page 478
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 479
31 Continuing Divisions and New Limits, 1969–1980......Page 480
The New Politics of Identity......Page 483
The Women’s Movement and Gay Liberation......Page 487
The End in Vietnam......Page 489
Nixon, Kissinger, and the World......Page 493
Links to the World: OPEC and the 1973 Oil Embargo......Page 495
Presidential Politics and the Crisis of Leadership......Page 496
Economic Crisis......Page 499
An Era of Cultural Transformation......Page 503
Renewed Cold War and Middle East Crisis......Page 505
Legacy for a People and a Nation: The All-Volunteer Force......Page 509
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 510
32 Conservatism Revived, 1980–1992......Page 512
Reagan and the Conservative Resurgence......Page 515
Reaganomics......Page 518
Reagan and the World......Page 523
American Society in the 1980s......Page 528
The End of the Cold War and Global Disorder......Page 533
Links to the World: CNN......Page 537
Summary......Page 539
Legacy for a People and a Nation: The Americans with Disabilities Act......Page 540
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 541
33 Into the Global Millennium: America Since 1992......Page 542
Social Strains and New Political Directions......Page 545
“The New Economy” and Globalization......Page 549
Paradoxes of Prosperity......Page 554
September 11 and the War on Terrorism......Page 559
War and Occupation in Iraq......Page 561
Americans in the First Decade of the New Millennium......Page 566
Links to the World: The Global AIDS Epidemic......Page 572
Legacy for a People and a Nation: The Internet......Page 575
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 576
Declaration of Independence in Congress, July 4, 1776......Page 577
Articles of Confederation......Page 578
Constitution of the United States of America and Amendments......Page 582
Presidents and Vice Presidents......Page 591
Index......Page 593