A Hybrid Theory of Metaphor: Relevance Theory and Cognitive Linguistics

Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 6
List of Figures......Page 8
List of Tables......Page 9
Typographical Conventions......Page 10
Acknowledgements......Page 11
1 Introduction......Page 14
2.1 Grice’s theory of meaning and communication......Page 20
2.2.1 The epistemology of communication: mutual knowledge, mutual manifestness and mind-reading......Page 26
2.2.2 Relevance, ostension and inference......Page 49
2.2.3 The principles of relevance......Page 55
2.2.4 Relevance-theoretic utterance interpretation......Page 56
2.3.1 Pragmatics and the explicit/implicit distinction......Page 62
2.3.2 The standard pragmatic approach to metaphor......Page 81
2.3.3 The original relevance-theory approach to metaphor: descriptive and interpretive use......Page 94
2.3.4 Recent developments in relevance theory: ad hoc concepts......Page 97
2.3.5 The cognitive effort of processing metaphors......Page 101
2.3.6 Interactions between cognitive effects and effort......Page 109
2.3.7 Cognitive effects and metaphor processing: a study......Page 114
2.4 Pragmatics and the implicit: a conclusion......Page 123
3.1 General assumptions of cognitive linguistics......Page 125
3.2 Metaphor as conceptualization: conceptual metaphor theory......Page 127
3.2.1 A modified invariance hypothesis......Page 129
3.2.2 Why do we have the metaphoric concepts we have?......Page 135
3.3 Metaphor and creative thinking: blending theory......Page 143
4 Relevance Theory versus Cognitive Linguistics......Page 151
4.1 Metaphor generality......Page 152
4.2 Metaphor motivation......Page 155
4.3 Representation of metaphorical meaning......Page 157
4.4 The online processing of metaphorical utterances......Page 162
4.5 Context-sensitivity and pragmatic effects......Page 174
4.6 Metaphor and polysemy......Page 182
4.7 Metaphor acquisition......Page 188
4.8 Relations to a wider theory of language use......Page 192
4.9 Theory of mind: modularity vs. embodiment......Page 193
4.10 New challenges......Page 201
5.1 The foundations......Page 205
5.2 Lexical semantics in the hybrid theory......Page 210
5.3 Lexical pragmatics in the hybrid theory......Page 213
5.3.1 The example tree......Page 216
5.3.2 The example at......Page 219
5.4 Lexical metaphoricity......Page 223
5.4.1 Examples......Page 224
5.4.2 The construal of metaphorical ad hoc concepts......Page 231
5.5 The online dynamics of metaphor interpretation......Page 233
5.5.1 An unprecedented crusade......Page 235
5.5.2 The figurativeness of utterances......Page 252
5.5.3 Some predictions of the hybrid theory of metaphor......Page 255
6 Conclusion and Future Challenges......Page 261
Notes......Page 274
References......Page 277
Index......Page 288
C......Page 0
G......Page 290
K......Page 291
M......Page 292
R......Page 293
S......Page 294
Z......Page 295