A Geo-Economic Turn in Trade Policy?: EU Trade Agreements in the Asia-Pacific

Preface
Contents
List of Contributors
List of Figures
List of Tables
Part I Introduction
1 Geo-economic Motives and the Negotiation of Free Trade Agreements: Introduction
	Introduction
	Geo-economics and the IPE of Trade
		Systemic Approaches
		Power in Trade Negotiations
	Analyzing the Geo-economic Dimension in FTA Negotiations
		Selecting a Negotiating Partner
		Bargaining Power During Negotiations
		Harnessing Externalities in the Design of FTAs
	Research Design and Structure of the Book
	References
Part II A Geo-Economic Trade Environment
2 The Politics of FTAs in Asia: The Role of China and Implications for EU Trade Policy
	Introduction
	The Strategic Context
		An ‘Assertive’ China
		China’s Conflict Behavior
		The Belt and Road Initiative
	EU Trade Policy Toward Asia
		Trade Interdependence Between the EU and China
		EU Trade Agreements with Asian Countries
		China’s FTAs with Asian Countries
	Comparing EU and China’s Trade Agreements
	Challenges and Opportunities for EU Trade Policy
	The EU–China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment
	Conclusion
	References
3 US Trade Policy: Japan vs. China, from Politically Economic to Existential
	Introduction
		US Response to Japan’s Economic Ascent
		Continuity in the US’ Trade Policy Toward Japan and Toward China
		Dissimilarities in US Trade Policy Toward China as Compared with Japan
		The United States as a Geostrategic Trade Power
	Conclusion
	References
4 Global Value Chains and EU–East Asia Trade: An Antidote for Geo-Economic Competition?
	Introduction
	The Liberal Thesis
	Two Alternative Perspectives: Geo-Economics and Fair-Trade
		Geo-Economics and Global Value Chains
		Fair Trade and Global Value Chains
	EU–East Asia Trade Agreements as Tests for These Perspectives
	EU Discourse on Global Value Chains and Trade Agreements with East Asia
	Key Revealed Preferences in EU–East Asia Trade Agreements
	Conclusions
	References
Part III Designing Geo-Economic Trade Agreements
5 Intellectual Property Rights. EU and US Initiatives in the Asia–Pacific: Competition, Coordination or Duplication?
	Introduction
	Treaty Making
	The Use of Treaty Making: Countries
	The Use of Treaty Making: IPR Issues
	Coercion
	The Use of Coercion: Countries
	The Use of Coercion: IPR Issues
	Socialization
	The Use of Socialization: Countries
	The Use of Socialization: IPR Issues
	Conclusion
	References
6 Most-Favoured Nation Clauses: A Double-Edged Sword in a Geo-Economic Era
	Introduction
	The Origins and Changing Motives Behind MFN
		MFN as Shaped by Mercantilist and Free Trade Ideas
		The Multilateral High Water Mark of MFN
		The Return of Geo-economic Motives: Contemporary Use of MFN in FTAs
	Regional and Issue-Specific Variants of MFN-Design and Their Strategic Potential
		Increasing Use of MFN Clauses
		Uneven Regional Distribution
		Variants of MFN in EU-Asia Trade Relations and Strategic Implications
	The Implications of MFN Clauses: Not so Strategic After All?
	Conclusion
	References
7 Product Regulations: You Can Drive My Car, Otherwise Let It Be
	Introduction
	Regulations, Trade, and the Potential for Regulatory Competition and Conflict
	The EU’s Practice of Regulatory Cooperation
		Not Exporting Rules, Except…
		Power or Preferences: Explaining the EU’s Approach to Regulatory Cooperation
	The Implications for Others: Very Little Prospect for Agreement Clash
	Conclusions
	References
8 Rules of Origin: Bridging Regions to Withstand Turbulent Times
	Introduction
	Overview of ROOs
		Role of ROOs
		Main Criteria for ROOs
		Different ROOs Templates
	Effects of ROOs on Third Parties
		Non-Restrictive ROOs
		Restrictive ROOs
			NAFTA ROO for Ketchup
			Product-Specific ROOs in the PEM Convention
			USMCA ROOs for Passenger Vehicles
	Bridging Regions with ROOs
	Conclusion
	References
9 Sustainable Development in EU–Asia Trade Relations
	Introduction
	The Design of Sustainable Development Chapters in FTAs
	Explaining the Soft Approach: Irrelevance of International (F)actors (I)
	Explaining Variation in EU–Asia Agreements: Irrelevance of International (F)actors (II)
	Conclusion
	Annex
	References
Part IV Case Studies
10 EU and South Korea: A Model Example for Foreign Trade Policy Relations?
	Introduction
	Negotiations in the Shadow of KORUS
		EU Perspectives
		Korean Perspectives
	KOREU: The Negotiation and Agreement Design
		The Negotiation Process
		The Agreement Design
	Assessment
		Effects on Trade and Investment
		Economic and Political Assessment
	Conclusion
	References
11 Australia and the EU: From Trade Tensions to FTA Negotiations
	Introduction
	The Current EU–Australia Trade Relationship
		Geo-economic Influences on Trade Partner Selection
	FTA Negotiations and the Design of the FTA
	Conclusion
	References
12 EU–Singapore Negotiations: Overlapping Negotiations, Conflicting Interests?
	Introduction
	Conditionality and EU Trade Policy
	EU–Singapore Negotiations in an International Context of Parallel and Overlapping Negotiations
	Negotiation Dynamics: Trading off Values for Commercial Interests
	Negotiated Outcomes: Results and Comparison
	Conclusion
	References
13 The Vietnam-European Union Free Trade Agreement: Victim of Changing Times?
	Introduction
	Geo-Strategic Motives for Launching and Concluding the EVFTA
		Vietnam’s Motivations
		EU’s Motivations
	Negotiation Challenges and Their Impact on Agreement Design
		Government Procurement
		Human Rights
		Sustainable Development
	Challenges in the Ratification Process
	Conclusion
	References
14 EU-Indonesia Trade Relations
	Introduction
	Geopolitical Considerations
	Commercial Interests (EU)
	Commercial Interests (Indonesia)
	Regulatory Issues
		Palm Oil and EU Environmental Regulations
		Indonesia’s Reaction to the RED II
	Conclusion
	References
Part V Conclusion
15 Geo-Economic Motives in EU FTA’s with the Asia–Pacific: More Discourse Than Design?
	Introduction
	Beyond Rhetoric? Assessing the Policy Impact of Geo-Economic Motives
		Setting the Scene
		Designing Trade Agreements to Meet a Geo-Economic Purpose
		Tracing Geo-Economic Motives in Bilateral Trade Relations
	Contributions to the Literature
	Emerging Research Agenda
	References
Index