A brief history of the Western world (9th Edition)

Front Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
BRIEF CONTENTS......Page 5
CONTENTS......Page 6
PREFACE......Page 16
PROLOGUE: WHAT IS WESTERN CIVILIZATION?......Page 21
Part One: THE ANCIENT WORLD MIDDLE EASTERN AND MEDITERRANEAN CIVILIZATION......Page 32
OVERVIEW......Page 38
The Prehistoric Era......Page 39
The Earliest Cities: Mesopotamia......Page 47
Land of the Pharaohs: Egypt......Page 59
The First Universal Empires: Assyria and Persia......Page 71
The Jews and Monotheism (1200–330 B.C.)......Page 79
Recommended Reading......Page 84
OVERVIEW......Page 86
The European Barbarians......Page 87
The Aegean Background......Page 91
The City-State......Page 95
Greek Religion......Page 107
The Founders of Western Philosophy......Page 109
Greek Literature......Page 115
Architecture and Sculpture......Page 120
The Decline of the Greek City-States......Page 127
Alexander the Great and the Wider Spread of Greek Culture......Page 131
Recommended Reading......Page 134
OVERVIEW......Page 137
The Rise of Rome......Page 138
The Overthrow of the Republic......Page 146
The Imperial Foundations......Page 151
Approach to One World: Pax Romana......Page 154
Roman Character and Thought......Page 159
Roman Law......Page 165
Architecture and Engineering......Page 167
The End of Rome and the Beginning of Europe......Page 175
Recommended Reading......Page 186
OVERVIEW......Page 188
Sources of Christianity......Page 189
The Life and Teachings of Jesus......Page 193
The Early Church and Its Expansion......Page 195
The Growth of Christian Organization and Doctrine......Page 201
The Worldly Victory of the Church......Page 207
Early Christian Monasticism......Page 210
Recommended Reading......Page 215
Part Two: MEDIEVAL CIVILIZATION......Page 218
OVERVIEW......Page 223
The Germanic Kingdoms of the West......Page 224
Byzantium and Its Neighbors......Page 229
The Book and Sword of Islam......Page 234
The Carolingians......Page 241
Europe Takes Shape......Page 249
Feudalism......Page 257
Manorialism......Page 265
The Rise of Trade and Towns......Page 269
Recommended Reading......Page 274
OVERVIEW......Page 277
The Medieval Church......Page 278
Christian Art......Page 288
Thought and Education......Page 297
Language and Literature......Page 303
West and East: The Crusades......Page 307
Recommended Reading......Page 315
Part Three: THE REMAKING OF EUROPE......Page 318
OVERVIEW......Page 322
Crises and Problems of the Late Middle Ages......Page 323
The New Economy......Page 330
The New Technology......Page 335
The New Politics......Page 338
The New Geography......Page 349
Recommended Reading......Page 364
OVERVIEW......Page 366
The Renaissance View of Human Nature......Page 367
The Revolution in Art......Page 375
Literature and Drama......Page 387
Recommended Reading......Page 393
OVERVIEW......Page 395
Background of the Reformation......Page 396
The Revolt of Luther: "Justification by Faith"......Page 401
Calvin and the Elect: "Predestination"......Page 406
Henry VIII and the Church of England......Page 411
The Roman Catholic Response: Reform and Reaffirmation......Page 415
Art During the Reformation......Page 419
Religion, Politics, and War......Page 425
Recommended Reading......Page 431
Part Four: THE RISE OF THE MODERN WEST......Page 434
OVERVIEW......Page 439
The Rise of Absolutism......Page 440
The Scientific Revolution of the Seventeenth Century......Page 449
The Impact of Science on Philosophy: The Enlightenment......Page 456
The Rational Spirit in Literature and Art......Page 463
The Classical Age of Music......Page 470
Recommended Reading......Page 474
OVERVIEW......Page 476
The English Revolution: Parliamentary Supremacy and the Bill of Rights......Page 477
The American Revolution and Constitution......Page 482
The French Revolution: "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"......Page 487
Recommended Reading......Page 502
OVERVIEW......Page 504
The Conservative Reaction......Page 505
The Romantic Spirit in Literature, Art, and Music......Page 511
The Spread of Liberal Democracy and Nationalism......Page 522
Recommended Reading......Page 532
OVERVIEW......Page 534
The Industrial Revolution......Page 535
The Business Corporation and Capitalist Expansion......Page 539
The Reaction of Labor and Government......Page 542
Urbanization and Standardization of Society......Page 545
The Development of Socialist Thought and Action......Page 548
The Accelerating Progress of Science......Page 554
Literature and Art in the Machine Age......Page 563
Recommended Reading......Page 569
Part Five: THE WEST AND THE WORLD IN THE ERA OF GLOBAL CIVILIZATION......Page 572
OVERVIEW......Page 577
Imperialism and Europe's World Dominion......Page 579
The First World War and the Decline of Europe......Page 587
Communism in Russia......Page 599
Fascism in Italy and Germany......Page 607
Democratic Collectivism: Evolution of the Welfare States......Page 613
The Second World War and Its Consequences......Page 616
Recommended Reading......Page 622
OVERVIEW......Page 626
The Bipolar World Order......Page 628
The Liquidation of Imperial Rule......Page 634
The Third World and the West: Resistance, Cooperation, and Islamic Fundamentalism......Page 645
Worldwide Problems of the 1980s......Page 655
End of the Postwar (Cold War) Era......Page 660
Recommended Reading......Page 668
OVERVIEW......Page 670
The Onrush of Science and Technology......Page 671
Reconstruction in Western Philosophy and Religion......Page 679
The Shifting Ways of Society......Page 685
Modernism in Literature and the Arts......Page 692
Recommended Reading......Page 705
OVERVIEW......Page 707
The West and the Postcommunist World: The Ideal of an International Community......Page 708
The West in the 1990s: Continuing Partnership, Evolving Partners......Page 710
The Global Economy: "The West and the Rest"......Page 714
The Former "East": Trying to Join the West......Page 720
The Postcolonial World: The Limits of Western Leadership......Page 727
Between Protest and Affirmation: The Postmodern Outlook......Page 735
Postmodern Literature and Art......Page 741
September 11, the West, and the World......Page 751
Recommended Reading......Page 761
Index......Page 764