6G Connectivity-Systems, Technologies, and Applications: Digitalization of New Technologies, 6G and Evolutio (River Publishers Series in Communications and Networking)

Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Contributors
List of Acronyms
Chapter 1: Intelligent Security for DDoS in HetIoT (6G Perspective)
	1.1: Introduction
	1.2: DDoS in HetIoT with 6G Perspective
	1.3: State-of-the-art Work: Intelligent Security (IS)
		1.3.1: ML-based technique
		1.3.2: DL-based technique
		1.3.3: RL-based technique
		1.3.4: FL-based technique
	1.4: Open Issues, Challenges, and Solution in IS (DDoS)
		1.4.1: Heterogeneous network architecture
		1.4.2: Intelligent edge computing
		1.4.3: Smart federated learning
	1.5: Conclusion
Chapter 2: Industry 5.0: and 6G: Human-centric Approach
	2.1: Introduction
	2.2: Related Work
	2.3: Industrial Revolutions
		2.3.1: Industry 1.0
		2.3.2: Industry 2.0
		2.3.3: Industry 3.0
		2.3.4: Industry 4.0
		2.3.5: Industry 5.0
	2.4: Industry 5.0: Human-centric Approach – Components
	2.5: Technology Enablers of Industry 5.0
	2.6: Opportunities and Challenges in Industry 5.0
		2.6.1: Opportunities of Industry 5.0
		2.6.2: Challenges of Industry 5.0
	2.7: Integration of Industry 5.0: and 6G Technology Enhancements
	2.8: Conclusion
Chapter 3: Role of 6G, IoT with Integration of AI and ML and Security in Agriculture
	3.1: Introduction
		3.1.1: Introduction of IoT
		3.1.2: Major components of IoT-based system
		3.1.3: 6G and IoT System
	3.2: Integration of AI (Artificial Intelligence) in IoT Systems
		3.2.1: Role of AI in the Internet of Things
		3.2.2: Role of AI in the realm of 6G communication
		3.2.3: Machine learning uses in agriculture
		3.2.4: Security concerns in transition from 5G to 6G
		3.2.5: Applications of IoT with AI and ML
	3.3: Smart Agriculture with 6G, AI, and ML
	3.4: Future Scope
	3.5: Conclusion
Chapter 4: Visible Light Communications for 6G: Motivation, Configurations and New Materials
	4.1: Introduction
	4.2: Visible Light Communications System
		4.2.1: Transmitter
		4.2.2: Optical channel
		4.2.3: Receiver
	4.3: User-centric Approach and Hybrid VLC/RF Networks
	4.4: Visible Light Communications for 6G
		4.4.1: The concept of MIMO applied to VLC
		4.4.2: Angle diversity receivers
		4.4.3: Reconfigurable photodetector
		4.4.4: Variable receiving orientation angle devices
		4.4.5: Intelligent reconfigurable surfaces
		4.4.6: Impact of angle and lens diversity in MIMO-VLC
	4.5: Conclusions
Chapter 5: Access Security in 6G: The 6G-ACE Protocol (A Concept Proposal)
	5.1: Introduction and Background
		5.1.1: Visions for 6G
		5.1.2: Access security and identity confidentiality
		5.1.3: Goals for a 6G authentication and context establishment protocol
	5.2: Principal Entities and Trust Relationships
		5.2.1: Principal entity types
		5.2.2: Trust relationships
	5.3: History Lessons
		5.3.1: The 1G systems
		5.3.2: The 2G systems
		5.3.3: The 3G systems
		5.3.4: The 4G system
		5.3.5: The 5G system
		5.3.6: The SUCI scheme
		5.3.7: Softwareization of the SIM
		5.3.8: The evolution
		5.3.9: Mutual entity authentication and perfect forward secrecy
	5.4: Requirements Analysis and Underlying Assumptions
		5.4.1: Technology drivers for 6G
		5.4.2: Post-quantum cryptography (PQC)
		5.4.3: Architectural assumptions
		5.4.4: History lesson impetus and requirements
		5.4.5: Performance requirements
		5.4.6: Authentication goals
	5.5: High-level Aspects
		5.5.1: Principal entities
		5.5.2: Trust relationships
		5.5.3: Subscriber privacy to be retained and extended
		5.5.4: Anchor keys
		5.5.5: Principal entity identifiers
		5.5.6: Functional split between the ACE-SIM and the ME
	5.6: The 6G-ACE Protocol Elements
		5.6.1: Pre-existing credentials and information elements
		5.6.2: Symbols, etc.
		5.6.3: Cryptographic functions and IEs
		5.6.4: Context expiry
		5.6.5: Challenge-response IEs
		5.6.6: The 6G-ACE context identifier
		5.6.7: Anchor keys
		5.6.8: Concerning the use of asymmetric cryptography
	5.7: An Alice-Bob Outline of the 6G-ACE Protocol
		5.7.1: The Alice-Bob outline
	5.8: Brief Analysis of the 6G-ACE Protocol Proposal
		5.8.1: High-level summary
		5.8.2: Comparison with SUCI + 5G-AKA
		5.8.3: Authentication properties
		5.8.4: Round-trip performance
		5.8.5: Adherence to the history lesson requirements
	5.9: On the Completeness of the 6G-ACE Concept Proposal
		5.9.1: Key derivations and key hierarchies
		5.9.2: Error handling
		5.9.3: Context mapping and backwards
		5.9.4: Future work
		5.9.5: Cryptographic safety and agility
	5.10: Summary
	5.11: Conclusion
Chapter 6: ICT Applications in Health Monitoring
	6.1: Introduction
	6.2: Mobile Health Solutions
	6.3: Hardware Requir
	6.4: Textile Integration
	6.5: Future Diagnostics
	6.6: Conclusion
Chapter 7: Key Issues in NOMA from the 6G Perspective
	7.1: Introduction
	7.2: Fundamentals of NOMA
	7.3: NOMA Challenges
	7.4: Imperfect SIC
	7.5: Interference Issues
	7.6: Imperfect CSI (Channel State Information)
	7.7: Signature Design
	7.8: Physical Layer Security Concerns
	7.9: Power Allocation and User-Pairing
	7.10: High Receiver Complexity
	7.11: NOMA Integration with 6G Heterogeneous Networks
	7.12: Conclusion
Chapter 8: Green Computing: Importance, Approaches, and Practices
	8.1: Introduction
	8.2: Evolution of Green Computing
	8.3: Green Computing Techniques and Industry 2023
		8.3.1: Monitor the usage of energy consumption
		8.3.2: Substitution of more power-consuming devices with less than one
		8.3.3: Usage of virtual servers
		8.3.4: Green disposal
		8.3.5: Natural cooling system
	8.4: Green Computing Toward Economic Development
		8.4.1: Nano data centers
		8.4.2: Scaling of dynamic voltage frequency
		8.4.3: Virtualization
		8.4.4: Storage and management technology for big data
		8.4.5: Data analysis and mining technology for energy consumption
	8.5: Energy Optimization at Data Centers
		8.5.1: Technologies and approaches used for energy optimization at data centers
		8.5.2: Energy optimization for IT infrastructure
		8.5.3: Implement efficient data storage techniques
		8.5.4: Utilize built-in server power management features
		8.5.5: Control airflow for effective cooling
	8.6: Industry Standard for Green Computing
		8.6.1: EPA Energy Star
		8.6.2: RoHS
		8.6.3: WE
		8.6.4: SpecPower
	8.7: Renewable Green Energy
		8.7.1: Working of green renewable energy
		8.7.2: Types of green renewable energy
		8.7.3: Importance of green renewable energy
	8.8: Research Contribution to Green Computing
	8.9: Case Studies of Green Computing
	8.10: Conclusion
Chapter 9: Artificial Intelligence and Green 6G Network-enabled Architectures, Scenarios, and Applications for Autonomous Connected Vehicles
	9.1: Introduction
	9.2: Overview of Autonomous Connected Vehicles
	9.3: Emerging Technologies in Autonomous Connected Vehicles
	9.4: AI and Green 6G Network-enabled Architectures
	9.5: AI and Green 6G Network-enabled Scenarios
	9.6: Applications
	9.7: Open Source Tools for Autonomous Connected Vehicles
	9.8: Advantages
	9.9: Challenges
	9.10: Case Studies of AI and Green 6G Network-enabled Architectures
	9.11: Future Perspectives
	9.12: Conclusion
Chapter 10: Latest Advances on Deterministic Wired/Wireless Industrial Networks
	10.1: Introduction
	10.2: Traffic Profiles and Converged Industrial Networks Use-Cases
	10.3: Key Mechanisms for Wireless Time Sensitive Networking
	10.4: Time Synchronization
		10.4.1: TM- and TA-based synchronization
		10.4.2: TSF-based synchronization
		10.4.3: Fine time measurement
		10.4.4: Comparison of wireless time synchronization mechanisms
		10.4.5: FTM-based time synchronization in converged networks
	10.5: Resource Management
		10.5.1: Resource unit allocation
		10.5.2: Multi-AP resource coordination
		10.5.3: Setup phase
		10.5.4: Resource negotiation phase
		10.5.5: Coordinated data transmission
	10.6: Traffic Shaping and Scheduling
		10.6.1: Traffic identification
		10.6.2: Traffic preemption
		10.6.3: Traffic Isolation
		10.6.4: Flexible, time-aware scheduling support
	10.7: Ultra Reliability
	10.8: Simulating Wired/Wireless TSN Networks: the ns-3: DetNetWiFi Framework
		10.8.1: Main components
		10.8.2: Timing model, clock per node
		10.8.3: FTM-PTP time synchronization
		10.8.4: TWT-based time aware scheduling framework
		10.8.5: Multi-AP co-OFDMA probabilistic coordinated transmission
	10.9: Summary and Future Work
Chapter 11: Cyber Threat Detection in 6G Wireless Network using Ensemble Majority-Voting Classifier
	11.1: Introduction
	11.2: Related Work
	11.3: Research Methodology
		11.3.1: Dataset
		11.3.2: Data preprocessing
		11.3.3: Ensemble majority-voting classifier
	11.4: Results and Discussion
	11.5: Conclusion
Chapter 12: From Connectivity to Intelligence: Integrating IoT-6G for the Future
	12.1: Introduction
	12.2: Features of Integrated 6G-IoT
	12.3: Enabling 6G Technologies for IoT
		12.3.1: Massive URLLC (ultra-reliable low-latency communication)
		12.3.2: Terahertz communications
		12.3.3: Blockchain
		12.3.4: Edge Intelligence
		12.3.5: Reconfigurable intelligence surface
	12.4: IoT Applications for 6G
	12.5: Benefits of Integrated 6G-IoT
	12.6: Limitations of Integrated 6G-IoT
	12.7: Research Scope and Challenges
	12.8: Conclusion
Index
About the Editors