6 China’s ‘Tibetan’ Frontiers: Sharing the Contested Ground

China’s ‘Tibetan’ Frontiers......Page 2
Inner Asia Book Series......Page 3
Title Page
......Page 4
Copyright
......Page 5
Dedication
......Page 6
CONTENTS......Page 8
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 10
LIST OF FIGURES......Page 12
A NOTE ON TRANSLITERATION AND TRANSCRIPTION......Page 14
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS......Page 16
MAPS AND PLANS......Page 18
PREFACE......Page 22
INTRODUCTION: OPENING VISTAS, BORDERING SPACES......Page 24
Contextual Overview......Page 29
Fieldsite and Methodological Overview......Page 33
Historical Perspectives: The Centrality of Marginality......Page 50
Nationality Autonomy as a Governmental Discourse of Rationality......Page 58
Nationalities and the Problem of Religion......Page 62
Idioms of ‘the State’ in China......Page 66
Chapter by Chapter Overview......Page 74
A Note on Recent Events......Page 76
CHAPTER ONE: RECLASSIFIED SOCIETIES......Page 78
Compensating Class Wrongs......Page 87
Reform Era Perceptions of Morality......Page 91
Contemporary Criticality......Page 95
Money, Morality and Socio-Political Affiliation......Page 99
Reclassified Sociality......Page 103
CHAPTER TWO: STRESSING DEVELOPMENT......Page 105
Developing the West......Page 114
Overview of Environmental Policies and Pressures in Yushu......Page 116
Development Policies and Social Anxieties......Page 120

Local Suspicions Surrounding Official Developmental Intentions......Page 123
Regional Disparities and ‘Opening Up’ Anxieties at the School......Page 125
Circulation of Multiple Discourses......Page 129
Developing an Autonomous Nationality Constituency......Page 132
Expressing Development Frustrations through Nationality Idioms......Page 137
CHAPTER THREE: CULTIVATING NATIONALITIES......Page 139
Constituting Nationality......Page 140
Conceptualizing Nationality in Yushu......Page 142
Categorical Violence: Nationalities and Ancestral Land......Page 146
Becoming Pitiless in One’s Own House?......Page 153
Gendering Nationalities......Page 155
International Encounters......Page 157
Cultivating Nationality Styles......Page 160
Shifting Social Constituencies......Page 163
Multiple Idioms of Identification and Difference......Page 168
CHAPTER FOUR: CIVILIZING CULTURE......Page 171
Local Content of Civilizing Culture......Page 174
Civilizing Culture Work of Local Leaders......Page 177
Literary Culture as an Index of Nationality Civility and Autonomy......Page 182
Transmitting Civilizing Culture......Page 186
Gendered Civilizing Culture......Page 193
The Risks Of Prioritizing Civilizing Nationality Cultures......Page 195
Rejecting Civilizing Culture......Page 197
Reorganizing Cultural Politics and Political Cultures......Page 199
CHAPTER FIVE: EMPOWERING LOCALES......Page 202
Lhabab Overview......Page 205
Lama Namje’s History......Page 209
Local Critiques of Lhabab......Page 212
Negotiating Official Scrutiny
......Page 214
The Politics of Reform Era Ritual Practice......Page 216
Local and National SARS Responses......Page 221
Imbricating Idioms......Page 230
CHAPTER SIX: OTHER MODERNITIES......Page 235
Thematic Overview: Complex Modernities......Page 237
Autonomously Reformed Courses......Page 246
Debating Modernities through NGO Practice......Page 254
Modernizing Youth Perspectives......Page 260
Integrating Discourses......Page 264
CHAPTER SEVEN: REVISUALIZING NATIONALITIES......Page 267
Local Arts in Historical Perspective......Page 274
Discussion of Televisual Media’s Effects on Nationality
......Page 286
Communicating a Boundless World: China Mobile’s Virtual Tibets......Page 289
Virtually Circulating Nationalities......Page 296
CONCLUSION: COMMON GROUND......Page 299
Final Summary and Analysis......Page 304
APPENDIX ONE: CHRONOLOGY OF CHINA’S REFORM ERA......Page 322
APPENDIX TWO: MULTILINGUAL GLOSSARY OF PRINCIPAL POLITICAL TERMS......Page 324
REFERENCES......Page 326
INDEX......Page 344