Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 1998

Front Matter....Pages I-XXI
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Balancing the Inflammatory Response in Sepsis....Pages 3-13
Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein (BPI): Structure, Function, and Clinical Applications....Pages 14-24
Inhibition of the Activation of Nuclear Factor-κB as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for SIRS and Septic Shock....Pages 25-37
The Role of the Host Defense Response in the Progression and Outcome of ARDS....Pages 38-55
The Role of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Pneumonia....Pages 56-64
A Central Role of Interleukin-8 in the Pathogenesis of ARDS....Pages 65-74
Neutrophil Myeloperoxidase: Effector of Host Defense and Host Damage....Pages 75-86
NAD(P)H Oxidase in Non-Phagocytic Cells....Pages 87-96
Gelatinases and the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome....Pages 97-104
Front Matter....Pages 105-105
Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Nitric Oxide in Heart Muscle....Pages 107-124
Development of Myocardial Tolerance to Ischemia/Reperfusion and Septic Injury....Pages 125-132
Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in Septic Shock....Pages 133-142
Alterations of Important Regulators of Macro- and Microcirculation in the Critically III....Pages 143-152
Microvascular Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation in Sepsis....Pages 153-160
Selective Pharmacological Inhibition of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Experimental Septic Shock....Pages 161-177
The Use of Dopamine and Norepinephrine in the ICU....Pages 178-187
Front Matter....Pages 189-189
The Red Blood Cell: New Ideas About an Old Friend....Pages 191-201
Transfusion Requirements in Critical Care: A Multicenter Controlled Clinical Trial....Pages 202-217
Artificial Oxygen Carriers....Pages 218-225
Front Matter....Pages 227-227
Do We Really Know the Epidemiology and Clinical Course of Sepsis?....Pages 229-237
Front Matter....Pages 227-227
Prognostic Markers in Sepsis....Pages 238-246
Procalcitonin — An Indicator of Sepsis....Pages 247-256
Is There a Role for Surrogate Markers in the Evaluation of Sepsis Trials?....Pages 257-262
Discourse on Method: Measuring the Value of New Therapies in Intensive Care....Pages 263-279
Front Matter....Pages 281-281
Antimicrobial Therapy for ICU-Acquired Infection: Time for a Reappraisal....Pages 283-291
Nosocomial Sinusitis: A Critical Appraisal of the Evidence....Pages 292-299
The Importance of Initial Empiric Antibiotic Selection in Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia....Pages 300-309
Why, When, and How to Prescribe a Combination of Antibiotics....Pages 310-326
Prevention of Infections Associated with Vascular Catheters....Pages 327-338
Management of Fever in Cancer Patients with Acquired Neutropenia....Pages 339-350
Front Matter....Pages 351-351
Determination of Lung Volume in the ICU....Pages 353-360
Chest Wall Mechanics: Methods of Measurement and Physiopathologic Insights....Pages 361-376
Front Matter....Pages 377-377
Emergency Intubation: The Difficult Airway....Pages 379-390
Control of Breathing During Assisted Mechanical Ventilation....Pages 391-410
Proportional Assist Ventilation....Pages 411-416
Pressure Controlled Ventilation (PCV): The Ideal Mode of Mechanical Ventilation?....Pages 417-429
The Open Lung Concept....Pages 430-440
Front Matter....Pages 441-441
Inflammatory Consequences of High Stretch Lung Injury....Pages 443-456
Mechanical Ventilation-Induced Injury....Pages 457-471
Barotraumatic Effects of Mechanical Ventilation....Pages 472-486
Front Matter....Pages 487-487
The Pathophysiology of Weaning Failure....Pages 489-504
What Have We Learned About Weaning Over the Last Five Years?....Pages 505-516
Front Matter....Pages 517-517
Non-Invasive Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Failure: Technological Issues....Pages 519-527
Non-Invasive Nocturnal Mechanical Ventilation: Is it Feasible for COPD Patients?....Pages 528-536
Front Matter....Pages 537-537
Distribution of Pulmonary Perfusion in Healthy and Injured Lungs....Pages 539-544
The Administration and Measurement of Nitric Oxide During Mechanical Ventilation....Pages 545-560
Inspiratory NO Concentration Fluctuation During Inhalational NO Administration....Pages 561-568
Effects of Inhaled Nitric Oxide on Circulating Blood Cells....Pages 569-574
Front Matter....Pages 575-575
Recent Advances in Acid-Base Physiology Applied to Critical Care....Pages 577-587
Pivotal Role of Lactate in Aerobic Energy Metabolism....Pages 588-596
Front Matter....Pages 597-597
Skeletal Muscle In Critical Illness....Pages 599-608
Metabolic Requirements of the Neurosurgical Patient....Pages 609-617
Enteral Nutrition in the Critically III Patient: A Practical Approach....Pages 618-626
Immunonutrition in Cancer Surgical Patients....Pages 627-634
Front Matter....Pages 635-635
Ischemia/Reperfusion of the Gut....Pages 637-648
Stress Ulceration in the Critically III Population....Pages 649-655
Hemodynamic Management of Gastric Intramucosal Acidosis in Septic Patients....Pages 656-666
Intra-Abdominal Hypertension and Intensive Care....Pages 667-676
Front Matter....Pages 677-677
Pharmacological Augmentation of Endogenous Neuroprotective Responses after Traumatic Brain Injury....Pages 679-687
Experimental and Clinical Neuroprotection: An Update....Pages 688-697
Front Matter....Pages 677-677
Cerebral Extraction Monitoring in Brain Injury....Pages 698-704
Front Matter....Pages 705-705
Pediatric Problems in Heart Surgery....Pages 707-720
Crises in Pre-Eclampsia....Pages 721-725
Front Matter....Pages 727-727
Performance of the ICU: Are We Able to Measure it?....Pages 729-743
Evidence-Based Medicine: The Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing....Pages 744-749
Back Matter....Pages 751-759