Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 1992

Front Matter....Pages I-XX
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Multiple Organ Failure and Infection: Cause, Consequence, or Coincidence....Pages 3-13
The Role of the Endothelium in Multiple Organ Failure....Pages 14-24
The Role of Interleukin-1 in Septic Shock....Pages 25-35
Cytokines and Cytokine Antagonists in Sepsis and Critical Illness....Pages 36-43
Tumor Necrosis Factor during Sepsis....Pages 44-48
Interactions between TNFα and Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes....Pages 49-56
Determinants of Neutrophil Adhesion Following Ischemia....Pages 57-69
Factors Determining Endotoxin Sensitivity....Pages 70-79
Mechanisms of Endotoxin Induced Endothelial Injury....Pages 80-90
Novel Approaches to the Treatment of Septic Shock....Pages 91-103
Biochemical Alterations in Ischemia and Reperfusion....Pages 104-114
Prostanoids and Sepsis....Pages 115-126
Front Matter....Pages 127-127
Cardiac Complications of Local Anesthetic Agents....Pages 129-136
Perioperative Cardiac Morbidity: New Developments and Controversies....Pages 137-147
Perioperative Heart Failure....Pages 148-162
Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitors for Treating Low-Output Syndrome....Pages 163-173
Doppler-Echocardiography in Critically Ill Patients....Pages 174-182
Front Matter....Pages 183-183
Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema....Pages 185-193
The Alveolar Epithelial Barrier....Pages 194-203
Physiological Assessment of Acute Lung Injury in the Intensive Care Unit....Pages 204-213
Front Matter....Pages 183-183
Morphology of Pulmonary Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation....Pages 214-232
Effects of Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Volunteers....Pages 233-237
Front Matter....Pages 239-239
Pathophysiology of Gut Mucosal Barrier Breakdown in Shock....Pages 241-247
Alterations in Gastrointestinal Barrier Function in Sepsis: The Effect of Lipopolysaccharide on Mucosal Permeability to Hydrophilic Solutes....Pages 248-258
The Potential for Monitoring Gastric Intramucosal pH to Reduce the Costs of Critical Care....Pages 259-268
Front Matter....Pages 269-269
Oxygen Delivery and Uptake: Insights from Animal Studies....Pages 271-280
Tissue Hypoxia in Animal Models of Sepsis....Pages 281-293
The Role of O 2 Transport Related Variables in the Assessment of Tissue Oxygenation in the Clinical Setting....Pages 294-302
Influences of Various Respiratory and Circulatory Conditions on Muscle Tissue Oxygenation in Critically Ill Patients....Pages 303-309
Is Oxygen Consumption an Important Clinical Target?....Pages 310-322
Front Matter....Pages 323-323
Respiratory Resistance in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: The Effects of PEEP....Pages 325-330
Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics During Total and Partial Ventilatory Support....Pages 331-345
Synchronous and Dys-synchronous Patient-Ventilator Interactions....Pages 346-355
Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia by New Ventilatory Techniques....Pages 356-363
Respiratory Failure in Asthma: Management of the Mechanically Ventilated Patient....Pages 364-371
Approaches to Improve Survival in Severe ARDS....Pages 372-383
The Place of Extracorporeal CO 2 Removal in the Treatment of ARDS....Pages 384-392
Difficult Weaning....Pages 393-398
Front Matter....Pages 399-399
Continuous Intra-Arterial Blood Gas Monitoring....Pages 401-410
The Expiratory Capnogram in Mechanically Ventilated Patients....Pages 411-415
Front Matter....Pages 399-399
Respiratory Inductive Plethysmography for Assessing Risk of Pulmonary Barotrauma....Pages 416-428
Evaluation of Pulmonary Mechanics in Mechanically Ventilated Children....Pages 429-439
Front Matter....Pages 441-441
General Concepts for Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery....Pages 443-456
Intrinsic Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa....Pages 457-463
Incidence and Risk Factors of ICU Acquired Pneumonia....Pages 464-474
Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit: Can Critical Care Technology Help?....Pages 475-483
Front Matter....Pages 485-485
Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest....Pages 487-493
Caring for Children with Poor Outcomes from Out-of-Hospital Arrests....Pages 494-502
Myocardial Dysfunction after Successful Cardiac Resuscitation....Pages 503-513
Current Concepts in Brain Resuscitation....Pages 514-524
Front Matter....Pages 525-525
The Role of Free Radicals in Ischemic and Reperfusion Brain Injury....Pages 527-536
Brain Edema and Raised Intracranial Pressure after Head Injury....Pages 537-552
Cerebrovascular Effects of Hypertonic Resuscitation....Pages 553-566
The 21-Aminosteroid Antioxidant Tirilazad Mesylate in CNS Injury and Hemorrhagic Shock....Pages 567-573
Neuro-Hormonal Regulation after Trauma....Pages 574-581
Front Matter....Pages 583-583
Acute Allograft Rejection: Immunobiology and Therapeutic Strategies....Pages 585-593
Immunosuppression in a Critically Ill Patient....Pages 594-605
Front Matter....Pages 607-607
Enteral Nutrition for the Critically Ill....Pages 609-619
Calcium Homeostasis during Sepsis....Pages 620-631
Intensive Care Sedation....Pages 632-640
Front Matter....Pages 641-641
Major Chemical Accidents: Medical and Organizational Aspects....Pages 643-655
Place of Activated Charcoal and Gastric Emptying in Acute Toxic Ingestions: A Critical Reappraisal....Pages 656-660
Front Matter....Pages 661-661
A Survey of Emergency Medical Service Systems in Europe....Pages 663-672
Prediction of Outcome in Critically Ill Patients....Pages 673-681
Measuring the Severity of Injury....Pages 682-690
Decision Support Systems in Intensive Care....Pages 691-698
Back Matter....Pages 699-704