World regional geography : a development approach

Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 6
Copyright Page......Page 7
Acknowledgments......Page 17
Contents......Page 10
Preface......Page 16
About the Authors......Page 19
Digital and Print Resources......Page 21
Book & MasteringGeography™ Walkthrough......Page 29
Pearson Choices......Page 31
Introduction......Page 34
Give a Man an Animal…......Page 45
The Meaning of Development......Page 48
Human Transitions and Development Processes......Page 50
Globalization as a New Economic Revolution?......Page 57
VISUALIZING DEVELOPMENT: We Do \"Like\" Our Social Media......Page 60
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: The Transnational Capitalist Class......Page 62
Environment, Society, and Development......Page 63
Environmental Setting: Complex Landscapes and Evolving Challenges......Page 64
Historical Background: Culture and Technology......Page 75
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: The Vulnerable Arctic......Page 77
Environmental Health and Development......Page 81
Measures of Wealth and Their Unequal Geographies......Page 86
EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: Sea Level on the Rise......Page 87
Patterns of Development......Page 90
FOCUS ON ENERGY: Living Off the Grid......Page 94
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Gender Inequality as a Barrier to Development......Page 97
Summary......Page 99
Geographers @ Work......Page 100
Canadians Are Really Americans … Eh?......Page 101
Environmental Setting: The Lay of the Land and the Geography of the Climate......Page 104
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Landforms and Climate: Orographic Effects in the United States......Page 110
EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: The Battle for New Orleans......Page 113
Historical Background: The Spatial Evolution of Settlement in Canada and the United States......Page 115
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: North America\'s First Inhabitants......Page 116
Agricultural Issues and Regions......Page 128
Natural Resources and Manufacturing in a Postindustrial Era......Page 131
FOCUS ON ENERGY: North America\'s New Oil Boom and the Quest for a Sustainable Energy Future......Page 135
VISUALIZING DEVELOPMENT: Does America Have \"Smart\" Cities?......Page 143
Poverty on a Continent of Plenty......Page 145
The Power and Challenges of Diversity in the United States and Canada......Page 147
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: The \"Dearborn Effect\": Ethnic Clustering in Contemporary American Cities......Page 153
Summary......Page 155
Geographers @ Work......Page 156
The Heart of the Latin American City......Page 157
Environmental Setting: Tropical Hazards and Opportunities......Page 160
Historical Background: The Origins of a Region......Page 164
EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: The Threatened Amazon Rain Forest......Page 165
Contemporary Latin American and Caribbean Development......Page 172
VISUALIZING DEVELOPMENT: The Rise of China in Latin America......Page 177
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: The Geography of Drugs......Page 180
Contemporary Social and Cultural Trends......Page 182
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Migration and Development......Page 183
Mexico......Page 186
Central America......Page 189
The Caribbean......Page 192
The Andean Republics......Page 195
Brazil......Page 201
The Southern Cone......Page 203
FOCUS ON ENERGY: Biofuels in Brazil......Page 204
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Chile and Venezuela: Controversial Development Agendas......Page 207
Key Terms......Page 209
Geographers @ Work......Page 210
City Walls in the Twenty-First Century......Page 211
Environmental Setting: Physical Geography Enables Development......Page 214
EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: Transboundary Water......Page 215
Historical Background: Shaping a Territorial Order......Page 223
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Renewable Landscapes......Page 225
Core and Periphery in Economic and Social Development......Page 234
Industrial Development......Page 236
Postindustrial Geographies......Page 237
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: The Ruhr River Region\'s Transformation to a Postindustrial Economy......Page 239
Resource Scarcity and Innovation......Page 243
Forces of Integration......Page 244
FOCUS ON ENERGY: Europe\'s Drive to Energy Security......Page 245
Internal Disunity......Page 251
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Growing Pains in \"New\" Europe......Page 252
Immigration......Page 255
Europe as a Geopolitical and Geoeconomic Power......Page 256
VISUALIZING DEVELOPMENT: Europe\'s Immigration Patterns......Page 257
Key Terms......Page 259
Geographers @ Work......Page 260
Sochi Olympics: Window on a New Russia?......Page 261
Northern Eurasia\'s Environmental and Historical Contexts......Page 264
Environmental Setting: Vast Northern Continent......Page 265
Historical Background: Territory and State-Building......Page 268
EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: The Unreality Show......Page 269
Post-Soviet Economic Policy......Page 278
Post-Soviet Changes in Society......Page 279
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Young People: Living in a New World......Page 281
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: North Caucasus: Mosaic and Minefield......Page 283
Russia\'s Economic Geography......Page 284
VISUALIZING DEVELOPMENT: Moscow City, New Moscow: Whither Moscow?......Page 287
FOCUS ON ENERGY: Profits and Prospects......Page 290
Putin\'s Political System: The Power Vertical......Page 291
Russia and the \"Near Abroad\"......Page 292
Belarus: Stuck in Transition......Page 293
Ukraine: Between Europe and Russia......Page 294
Armenia: Precarious Position......Page 295
Azerbaijan: Caucasian Oil Power......Page 296
Key Terms......Page 297
Geographers @ Work......Page 298
Astana, Kazakhstan: City of the Twenty-First Century?......Page 299
Environmental Setting: A Challenging Locale......Page 302
EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: The Aral Sea......Page 305
Historical Background: \"Central\" in Every Sense......Page 307
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Central Asia\'s Distinctive Urban Geography and Housing......Page 311
Forging Postindependence Identities......Page 314
Turning toward Islam......Page 316
The Turkic Republics......Page 317
FOCUS ON ENERGY: Energy Potential in Central Asia and Afghanistan......Page 318
Tajikistan......Page 319
Continued Authoritarian Politics: Little Progress toward Democracy......Page 320
VISUALIZING DEVELOPMENT: Tajikistan\'s Remittance Economy......Page 321
Modern Afghanistan......Page 323
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Warlords and Opium......Page 326
Summary......Page 327
Geographers @ Work......Page 328
The Timeless Role of the Suq......Page 329
Environmental Setting: From the Mediterranean to the Desert......Page 332
Historical Background: Home of Many Civilizations......Page 336
EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES: Jeddah\'s Urban Water Crisis......Page 337
Contemporary Livelihood Patterns......Page 343
FOCUS ON ENERGY: Fossil Fuel Consumption and the Search for Renewable Energy......Page 348
The Maghreb: The Islamic World\'s Far West......Page 350
Egypt and Turkey: Anchor States of the Eastern Mediterranean......Page 353
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: The Arab Spring\'s Troubled Summer......Page 357
Small States of the Eastern Mediterranean: Uneasy Neighbors......Page 358
VISUALIZING DEVELOPMENT: Dealing with Water Deficits......Page 363
The Gulf States: Living on Oil......Page 365
Regional Characteristics......Page 367
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Women in the Middle East and North Africa: Breaking Down Opportunity Constraints......Page 370
Development and the Petroleum Economy......Page 371
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Science and Higher Education in the Middle East and North Africa......Page 374
Petroleum Powerhouses: Isolation and Globalization......Page 376
Summary......Page 382
Geographers @ Work......Page 383
The Paradox of Sub-Saharan Africa\'s Mineral Wealth......Page 385
Environmental Setting: From Rain Forests to Deserts......Page 388
FOCUS ON ENERGY: Renewable Energy Resources in Sub-Saharan Africa......Page 392
EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: Tropical Deforestation and Loss of Resources......Page 398
Historical Background: Deep Traditions and Contemporary Struggles......Page 399
Contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa......Page 405
Development Trends......Page 413
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Achieving Gender Parity in Sub-Saharan Africa......Page 416
VISUALIZING DEVELOPMENT: Sub-Saharan Africa\'s Cell Phone Revolution......Page 420
West Africa......Page 423
Central Africa......Page 428
East Africa......Page 431
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: South Sudan: Birth of a New but Fragile State......Page 432
Southern Africa: Development in Transition......Page 435
Angola and Mozambique: Emerging from Conflict......Page 436
Botswana: Model of Economic and Political Stability......Page 437
Zimbabwe: Land Reform and Economic Transformation......Page 438
South Africa: Postapartheid Challenges......Page 439
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Seeking Social Justice in Contemporary South Africa......Page 444
Summary......Page 446
Geographers @ Work......Page 447
Energy and the Development Challenge......Page 449
Environmental Setting: Mountains and Monsoons......Page 452
Historical Background: Empires and Identity......Page 457
Managing Population Growth......Page 465
VISUALIZING DEVELOPMENT: Community, Gender, and Regional Variations in Population Growth......Page 466
Agricultural Development in India......Page 467
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Contesting Casteism......Page 472
India\'s Industrial Economy......Page 473
FOCUS ON ENERGY: India\'s Energy Challenge......Page 476
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: \"IT for All\" and the Digital Divide......Page 478
Urban India......Page 479
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Globalization and India\'s Diaspora......Page 480
Pakistan......Page 481
Nepal......Page 483
Bangladesh......Page 485
Sri Lanka......Page 486
EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: Threats to the Sundarban......Page 488
Understanding Development in South Asia......Page 489
Geographers @ Work......Page 490
Apple, China, and Globalization......Page 491
Environmental Setting: Vastness and Isolation......Page 494
Historical Background: Ancient Roots and Global Reach......Page 500
Spatial Evolution of Early Chinese Culture......Page 501
Transformation of Agricultural Production......Page 505
Industry and Regional Economic Growth......Page 508
FOCUS ON ENERGY: China\'s Energy Challenges......Page 510
VISUALIZING DEVELOPMENT: Spatial Inequalities in Development......Page 512
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Hong Kong\'s Past, Present, and Future......Page 513
Urbanization and Migration......Page 517
China\'s Population Profile......Page 518
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: China\'s Urban Floating Population......Page 519
Challenges to China\'s Future......Page 521
Mongolia......Page 522
The Two Koreas......Page 523
Taiwan......Page 526
Japan: Tradition and Modernity......Page 527
Japan\'s Challenging Physical Environment......Page 528
Japan\'s Challenging Physical Environment......Page 530
EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: The Fukushima Disaster and Nuclear Power in Japan......Page 531
Modernization and the Japan Model......Page 533
Consequences of the Japan Model......Page 537
Japan\'s Third Transformation: Charting a New Course......Page 541
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: The Outsiders: Historical Minorities in Japan......Page 542
Summary......Page 543
Geographers @ Work......Page 544
Floods Disrupt Global Production Chains......Page 545
Environmental Setting: Mountains, River Valleys, and Islands......Page 548
Historical Background: Empires and Colonial Possessions......Page 551
EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: Deforestation and Regional Air Pollution......Page 553
Modern Economic Growth and Stagnation......Page 556
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia......Page 557
FOCUS ON ENERGY: Southeast Asia\'s Energy Resources: Cooperation and Challenges......Page 559
Singapore......Page 562
VISUALIZING DEVELOPMENT: Demographic Diversity and Development......Page 563
Malaysia......Page 566
Indonesia......Page 568
The Philippines......Page 569
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Indonesia\'s Changing Core-Periphery Relationships......Page 571
Thailand......Page 572
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Transnational Migrants and the Regional Division of Labor......Page 574
Vietnam......Page 575
Cambodia......Page 576
Myanmar (Burma)......Page 577
Summary......Page 578
Geographers @ Work......Page 579
The \"Wild White Man\"......Page 581
Environmental Setting: Vast Spaces of Land and Sea......Page 584
Historical Background: From Ancient to Modern in 200 Years......Page 587
EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES: The Great Barrier Reef......Page 588
Australia: A Vast and Arid Continent......Page 591
The Ins and Outs of Migration......Page 592
VISUALIZING DEVELOPMENT: The Rush for Mineral Resources in Western Australia......Page 593
Australia\'s Minorities......Page 595
An Urbanized Society......Page 596
The Australian Economy......Page 597
FOCUS ON ENERGY: Carbon Pricing and Coal in Australia......Page 600
Australia\'s Future......Page 602
New Zealand: A Pastoral Economy......Page 603
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: The Christchurch Earthquakes, 2010–2011......Page 605
The Pacific Islands......Page 606
GEOGRAPHY IN ACTION: Living at Sea Level Surrounded by Water......Page 609
Summary......Page 613
Geographers @ Work......Page 614
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Credits......Page 630
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B......Page 637
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H......Page 647
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K......Page 650
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