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ویرایش:
نویسندگان: Thomas D. Carroll
سری:
ISBN (شابک) : 1011021021
ناشر: Palgrave Macmillan
سال نشر:
تعداد صفحات: 221
زبان: English
فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود)
حجم فایل: 1 مگابایت
در صورت تبدیل فایل کتاب Wittgenstein Within the Philosophy of Religion به فرمت های PDF، EPUB، AZW3، MOBI و یا DJVU می توانید به پشتیبان اطلاع دهید تا فایل مورد نظر را تبدیل نمایند.
توجه داشته باشید کتاب ویتگنشتاین در فلسفه دین نسخه زبان اصلی می باشد و کتاب ترجمه شده به فارسی نمی باشد. وبسایت اینترنشنال لایبرری ارائه دهنده کتاب های زبان اصلی می باشد و هیچ گونه کتاب ترجمه شده یا نوشته شده به فارسی را ارائه نمی دهد.
این اثر توسط محققان به عنوان مهم فرهنگی انتخاب شده است و بخشی از پایگاه دانش تمدنی است که ما آن را می شناسیم. این اثر از مصنوع اصلی تکثیر شده است و تا حد امکان به کار اصلی وفادار است. بنابراین، منابع اصلی کپی رایت، تمبرهای کتابخانه (از آنجایی که اکثر این آثار در مهم ترین کتابخانه های ما در سراسر جهان نگهداری شده اند) و سایر نمادها را در اثر مشاهده خواهید کرد. این اثر در ایالات متحده آمریکا و احتمالاً سایر کشورها در مالکیت عمومی است. در داخل ایالات متحده، میتوانید آزادانه این اثر را کپی و توزیع کنید، زیرا هیچ نهادی (فردی یا شرکتی) حق چاپ روی بدنه اثر ندارد. به عنوان بازتولید یک اثر تاریخی، این اثر ممکن است حاوی صفحات مفقود یا محو، تصاویر ضعیف، علائم اشتباه و غیره باشد. محققان معتقدند، و ما موافقیم که این اثر به اندازه کافی مهم است که حفظ شود، تکثیر شود، و به طور کلی در دسترس عموم قرار گیرد. عمومی. ما از حمایت شما از فرآیند حفظ قدردانی می کنیم و از شما به خاطر نقش مهمی در زنده نگه داشتن و مرتبط بودن این دانش سپاسگزاریم.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 24
1 Introduction to Computers, the Internet and the Web 33......Page 34
1.1 Introduction 34......Page 35
1.2.1 Moore’s Law 35......Page 36
1.2.2 Computer Organization 36......Page 37
1.3 Data Hierarchy 37......Page 38
1.4 Machine Languages, Assembly Languages and High-Level Languages 40......Page 41
1.5 The C Programming Language 41......Page 42
1.6 C Standard Library 42......Page 43
1.7 C++ and Other C-Based Languages 43......Page 44
1.8 Object Technology 44......Page 45
1.8.4 Reuse 45......Page 46
1.8.8 Inheritance 46......Page 47
1.9 Typical C Program-Development Environment 47......Page 48
1.9.3 Phase 4: Linking 48......Page 49
1.10 Test-Driving a C Application in Windows, Linux and Mac OS X 49......Page 50
1.10.1 Running a C Application from the Windows Command Prompt 50......Page 51
1.10.2 Running a C Application Using GNU C with Linux 53......Page 54
1.10.3 Running a C Application Using the Teminal on Mac OS X 56......Page 57
1.11.2 Linux—An Open-Source Operating System 59......Page 60
1.11.4 Google’s Android 60......Page 61
1.12.2 The World Wide Web: Making the Internet User-Friendly 61......Page 62
1.12.3Web Services 62......Page 63
1.13 Some Key Software Terminology 64......Page 65
1.14 Keeping Up-to-Date with Information Technologies 66......Page 67
2 Introduction to C Programming 71......Page 72
2.2 A Simple C Program: Printing a Line of Text 72......Page 73
2.3 Another Simple C Program: Adding Two Integers 76......Page 77
2.4 Memory Concepts 80......Page 81
2.5 Arithmetic in C 81......Page 82
2.6 Decision Making: Equality and Relational Operators 85......Page 86
2.7 Secure C Programming 89......Page 90
3 Structured Program Development in C 101......Page 102
3.3 Pseudocode 102......Page 103
3.4 Control Structures 103......Page 104
3.5 The if Selection Statement 105......Page 106
3.6 The if…else Selection Statement 106......Page 107
3.7 The while Iteration Statement 110......Page 111
3.8 Formulating Algorithms Case Study 1: Counter-Controlled Iteration 111......Page 112
3.9 Formulating Algorithms with Top-Down, Stepwise Refinement Case Study 2: Sentinel-Controlled Iteration 114......Page 115
3.10 Formulating Algorithms with Top-Down, Stepwise Refinement Case Study 3: Nested Control Statements 120......Page 121
3.11 Assignment Operators 124......Page 125
3.12 Increment and Decrement Operators 125......Page 126
3.13 Secure C Programming 127......Page 128
4 C Program Control 145......Page 146
4.2 Iteration Essentials 146......Page 147
4.3 Counter-Controlled Iteration 147......Page 148
4.4 for Iteration Statement 148......Page 149
4.5 for Statement: Notes and Observations 151......Page 152
4.6 Examples Using the for Statement 152......Page 153
4.7 switch Multiple-Selection Statement 155......Page 156
4.8 do…while Iteration Statement 161......Page 162
4.9 break and continue Statements 162......Page 163
4.10 Logical Operators 164......Page 165
4.11 Confusing Equality (==) and Assignment (=) Operators 167......Page 168
4.12 Structured Programming Summary 169......Page 170
4.13 Secure C Programming 174......Page 175
5 C Functions 189......Page 190
5.2 Modularizing Programs in C 190......Page 191
5.3 Math Library Functions 191......Page 192
5.5 Function Definitions 193......Page 194
5.5.1 square Function 194......Page 195
5.5.2 maximum Function 197......Page 198
5.6 Function Prototypes: A Deeper Look 198......Page 199
5.7 Function Call Stack and Stack Frames 200......Page 201
5.8 Headers 204......Page 205
5.9 Passing Arguments By Value and By Reference 205......Page 206
5.10 Random Number Generation 206......Page 207
5.11 Example: A Game of Chance; Introducing enum 210......Page 211
5.12 Storage Classes 214......Page 215
5.13 Scope Rules 216......Page 217
5.14 Recursion 219......Page 220
5.15 Example Using Recursion: Fibonacci Series 222......Page 223
5.16 Recursion vs. Iteration 226......Page 227
5.17 Secure C Programming 227......Page 228
6 C Arrays 246......Page 247
6.2 Arrays 247......Page 248
6.4.1 Defining an Array and Using a Loop to Set the Array’s Element Values 249......Page 250
6.4.2 Initializing an Array in a Definition with an Initializer List 250......Page 251
6.4.3 Specifying an Array’s Size with a Symbolic Constant and Initializing Array Elements with Calculations 252......Page 253
6.4.4 Summing the Elements of an Array 253......Page 254
6.4.5 Using Arrays to Summarize Survey Results 254......Page 255
6.4.6 Graphing Array Element Values with Histograms 256......Page 257
6.5 Using Character Arrays to Store and Manipulate Strings 257......Page 258
6.5.4 Inputting into a Character Array 258......Page 259
6.5.6 Demonstrating Character Arrays 259......Page 260
6.6 Static Local Arrays and Automatic Local Arrays 260......Page 261
6.7 Passing Arrays to Functions 262......Page 263
6.8 Sorting Arrays 266......Page 267
6.9 Case Study: Computing Mean, Median and Mode Using Arrays 268......Page 269
6.10.1 Searching an Array with Linear Search 273......Page 274
6.10.2 Searching an Array with Binary Search 274......Page 275
6.11.1 Illustrating a Double-Subcripted Array 278......Page 279
6.11.2 Initializing a Double-Subcripted Array 279......Page 280
6.11.4 Totaling the Elements in a Two-Dimensional Array 281......Page 282
6.11.5 Two-Dimensonal Array Manipulations 282......Page 283
6.12 Variable-Length Arrays² 285......Page 286
6.13 Secure C Programming 288......Page 289
7 C Pointers 306......Page 307
7.1 Introduction 307......Page 308
7.2 Pointer Variable Definitions and Initialization 308......Page 309
7.3 Pointer Operators 309......Page 310
7.4 Passing Arguments to Functions by Reference 311......Page 312
7.5 Using the const Qualifier with Pointers 315......Page 316
7.5.1 Converting a String to Uppercase Using a Non-Constant Pointer to Non-Constant Data 316......Page 317
7.5.2 Printing a String One Character at a Time Using a Non-Constant Pointer to Constant Data 317......Page 318
7.5.3 Attempting to Modify a Constant Pointer to Non-Constant Data 319......Page 320
7.5.4 Attempting to Modify a Constant Pointer to Constant Data 320......Page 321
7.6 Bubble Sort³ Using Pass-by-Reference 321......Page 322
7.7 sizeof Operator 324......Page 325
7.8.2 Aiming a Pointer at an Array 327......Page 328
7.8.5 Incrementing and Decrementing a Pointer 328......Page 329
7.8.9 Comparing Pointers 329......Page 330
7.9.1 Pointer/Offset Notation 330......Page 331
7.9.4 Demonstrating Pointer Indexing and Offsets 331......Page 332
7.9.5 String Copying with Arrays and Pointers 332......Page 333
7.10 Arrays of Pointers 334......Page 335
7.11 Case Study: Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation 335......Page 336
7.12.1 Sorting in Ascending or Descending Order 340......Page 341
7.12.2 Using Function Pointers to Create a Menu-Driven System 343......Page 344
7.13 Secure C Programming 345......Page 346
8 C Characters and Strings 365......Page 366
8.2 Fundamentals of Strings and Characters 366......Page 367
8.3.1 Functions isdigit, isalpha, isalnum and isxdigit 368......Page 369
8.3.2 Functions islower, isupper, tolower and toupper 371......Page 372
8.3.3 Functions isspace, iscntrl, ispunct, isprint and isgraph 372......Page 373
8.4.1 Function strtod 374......Page 375
8.4.2 Function strtol 375......Page 376
8.5 Standard Input/Output Library Functions 376......Page 377
8.5.1 Functions fgets and putchar 377......Page 378
8.5.2 Function getchar 378......Page 379
8.5.3 Function sprintf 379......Page 380
8.5.4 Function sscanf 380......Page 381
8.6 String-Manipulation Functions of the String-Handling Library 381......Page 382
8.6.2 Functions strcat and strncat 382......Page 383
8.7 Comparison Functions of the String-Handling Library 383......Page 384
8.8 Search Functions of the String-Handling Library 385......Page 386
8.8.1 Function strchr 386......Page 387
8.8.3 Function strpbrk 387......Page 388
8.8.4 Function strrchr 388......Page 389
8.8.6 Function strstr 389......Page 390
8.8.7 Function strtok 390......Page 391
8.9 Memory Functions of the String-Handling Library 391......Page 392
8.9.1 Function memcpy 392......Page 393
8.9.2 Function memmove 393......Page 394
8.9.4 Function memchr 394......Page 395
8.10 Other Functions of the String-Handling Library 395......Page 396
8.10.2 Function strlen 396......Page 397
8.11 Secure C Programming 397......Page 398
9 C Formatted Input/Output 409......Page 410
9.3 Formatting Output with printf 410......Page 411
9.4 Printing Integers 411......Page 412
9.5 Printing Floating-Point Numbers 412......Page 413
9.5.2 Conversion Specifiers g and G 413......Page 414
9.6 Printing Strings and Characters 414......Page 415
9.7 Other Conversion Specifiers 415......Page 416
9.8.1 Specifying Field Widths for Printing Integers 416......Page 417
9.8.2 Specifying Precisions for Integers, Floating-Point Numbers and Strings 417......Page 418
9.8.3 Combining Field Widths and Precisions 418......Page 419
9.9.1 Right and Left Justification 419......Page 420
9.9.3 Using the Space Flag 420......Page 421
9.9.5 Using the 0 Flag 421......Page 422
9.11 Reading Formatted Input with scanf 422......Page 423
9.11.2 scanf Conversion Specifiers 423......Page 424
9.11.3 Reading Integers with scanf 424......Page 425
9.11.5 Reading Characters and Strings with scanf 425......Page 426
9.11.6 Using Scan Sets with scanf 426......Page 427
9.11.7 Using Field Widths with scanf 427......Page 428
9.11.8 Skipping Characters in an Input Stream 428......Page 429
9.12 Secure C Programming 429......Page 430
10 C Structures, Unions, Bit Manipulation and Enumerations 436......Page 437
10.2 Structure Definitions 437......Page 438
10.2.1 Self-Referential Structures 438......Page 439
10.2.4 Operations That Can Be Performed on Structures 439......Page 440
10.4 Accessing Structure Members with . and -> 440......Page 441
10.5 Using Structures with Functions 442......Page 443
10.7 Example: High-Performance Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation 443......Page 444
10.8.1 Union Declarations 446......Page 447
10.8.4 Demonstrating Unions 447......Page 448
10.9 Bitwise Operators 448......Page 449
10.9.1 Displaying an Unsigned Integer in Bits 449......Page 450
10.9.2 Making Function displayBits More Generic and Portable 451......Page 452
10.9.3 Using the Bitwise AND, Inclusive OR, Exclusive OR and Complement Operators 452......Page 453
10.9.4 Using the Bitwise Left- and Right-Shift Operators 455......Page 456
10.9.5 Bitwise Assignment Operators 456......Page 457
10.10.1 Defining Bit Fields 457......Page 458
10.10.2 Using Bit Fields to Represent a Card’s Face, Suit and Color 458......Page 459
10.11 Enumeration Constants 460......Page 461
10.13 Secure C Programming 462......Page 463
11 C File Processing 473......Page 474
11.2 Files and Streams 474......Page 475
11.3 Creating a Sequential-Access File 475......Page 476
11.3.3 Using feof to Check for the End-of-File Indicator 477......Page 478
11.3.5 Using fclose to Close the File 478......Page 479
11.3.6 File Open Modes 479......Page 480
11.4 Reading Data from a Sequential-Access File 481......Page 482
11.4.2 Credit Inquiry Program 482......Page 483
11.6 Creating a Random-Access File 486......Page 487
11.7 Writing Data Randomly to a Random-Access File 488......Page 489
11.7.1 Positioning the File Position Pointer with fseek 490......Page 491
11.8 Reading Data from a Random-Access File 491......Page 492
11.9 Case Study: Transaction-Processing Program 493......Page 494
11.10 Secure C Programming 498......Page 499
12 C Data Structures 509......Page 510
12.1 Introduction 510......Page 511
12.3 Dynamic Memory Allocation 511......Page 512
12.4 Linked Lists 512......Page 513
12.4.1 Function insert 518......Page 519
12.4.2 Function delete 519......Page 520
12.5 Stacks 521......Page 522
12.5.1 Function push 525......Page 526
12.5.3 Applications of Stacks 526......Page 527
12.6 Queues 527......Page 528
12.6.1 Function enqueue 531......Page 532
12.6.2 Function dequeue 532......Page 533
12.7 Trees 533......Page 534
12.7.1 Function insertNode 536......Page 537
12.7.2 Traversals: Functions inOrder, preOrder and postOrder 537......Page 538
12.8 Secure C Programming 538......Page 539
13 C Preprocessor 550......Page 551
13.2 #include Preprocessor Directive 551......Page 552
13.3 #define Preprocessor Directive: Symbolic Constants 552......Page 553
13.4.1 Macro with One Argument 553......Page 554
13.4.5 Standard Library Functions and Macros 554......Page 555
13.5.2 Commenting Out Blocks of Code with #if…#endif 555......Page 556
13.7 # and ## Operators 556......Page 557
13.9 Predefined Symbolic Constants 557......Page 558
13.11 Secure C Programming 558......Page 559
14 Other C Topics 563......Page 564
14.2.1 Redirecting Input with < 564......Page 565
14.3 Variable-Length Argument Lists 565......Page 566
14.4 Using Command-Line Arguments 567......Page 568
14.5.2 Function Prototypes 569......Page 570
14.6 Program Termination with exit and atexit 570......Page 571
14.8 Signal Handling 572......Page 573
14.10 Unconditional Branching with goto 575......Page 576
15 C++ as a Better C; Introducing Object Technology 581......Page 582
15.2 C++ 582......Page 583
15.3.1 Addition Program in C++ 583......Page 584
15.3.5 Standard Output Stream and Standard Input Stream Objects 584......Page 585
15.3.10 Operator Overloading 585......Page 586
15.5 Header Files 586......Page 587
15.6 Inline Functions 588......Page 589
15.7 C++ Keywords 590......Page 591
15.8.1 Reference Parameters 591......Page 592
15.8.2 Passing Arguments by Value and by Reference 592......Page 593
15.8.3 References as Aliases within a Function 594......Page 595
15.8.4 Returning a Reference from a Function 595......Page 596
15.10 Default Arguments 596......Page 597
15.11 Unary Scope Resolution Operator 598......Page 599
15.12 Function Overloading 599......Page 600
15.13.1 Defining a Function Template 602......Page 603
15.13.2 Using a Function Template 603......Page 604
15.14.1 Basic Object Technology Concepts 605......Page 606
15.14.2 Classes, Data Members and Member Functions 606......Page 607
15.14.3 Object-Oriented Analysis and Design 607......Page 608
15.15.1 Problems Associated with C-Style Pointer-Based Arrays 608......Page 609
15.15.2 Using Class Template vector 609......Page 610
15.15.3 Exception Handling: Processing an Out-of-Range Index 613......Page 614
15.16 Wrap-Up 615......Page 616
16 Introduction to Classes, Objects and Strings 621......Page 622
16.2 Defining a Class with a Member Function 622......Page 623
16.3 Defining a Member Function with a Parameter 625......Page 626
16.4 Data Members, set Member Functions and get Member Functions 629......Page 630
16.5 Initializing Objects with Constructors 634......Page 635
16.6 Placing a Class in a Separate File for Reusability 638......Page 639
16.7 Separating Interface from Implementation 642......Page 643
16.8 Validating Data with set Functions 647......Page 648
16.9 Wrap-Up 652......Page 653
17 Classes: A Deeper Look; Throwing Exceptions 659......Page 660
17.1 Introduction 660......Page 661
17.2 Time Class Case Study 661......Page 662
17.3 Class Scope and Accessing Class Members 667......Page 668
17.4 Access Functions and Utility Functions 668......Page 669
17.5 Time Class Case Study: Constructors with Default Arguments 669......Page 670
17.7 When Constructors and Destructors Are Called 675......Page 676
17.8 Time Class Case Study: A Subtle Trap— Returning a Reference or a Pointer to a private Data Member 679......Page 680
17.9 Default Memberwise Assignment 682......Page 683
17.10 const Objects and const Member Functions 684......Page 685
17.11 Composition: Objects as Members of Classes 686......Page 687
17.12 friend Functions and friend Classes 692......Page 693
17.13 Using the this Pointer 694......Page 695
17.14 static Class Members 700......Page 701
17.15 Wrap-Up 705......Page 706
18 Operator Overloading; Class string 715......Page 716
18.1 Introduction 716......Page 717
18.2 Using the Overloaded Operators of Standard Library Class string 717......Page 718
18.3 Fundamentals of Operator Overloading 720......Page 721
18.4 Overloading Binary Operators 721......Page 722
18.5 Overloading the Binary Stream Insertion and Stream Extraction Operators 722......Page 723
18.6 Overloading Unary Operators 726......Page 727
18.7 Overloading the Unary Prefix and Postfix ++ and -- Operators 727......Page 728
18.8 Case Study: A Date Class 728......Page 729
18.9 Dynamic Memory Management 733......Page 734
18.10 Case Study: Array Class 735......Page 736
18.10.1 Using the Array Class 736......Page 737
18.10.2 Array Class Definition 740......Page 741
18.12 Converting Between Types 748......Page 749
18.13 explicit Constructors and Conversion Operators 750......Page 751
18.14 Overloading the Function Call Operator () 752......Page 753
18.15 Wrap-Up 753......Page 754
19 Object-Oriented Programming: Inheritance 764......Page 765
19.2 Base Classes and Derived Classes 765......Page 766
19.3.1 Creating and Using a CommissionEmployee Class 768......Page 769
19.3.2 Creating a BasePlusCommissionEmployee Class Without Using Inheritance 773......Page 774
19.3.3 Creating a CommissionEmployee–BasePlusCommissionEmployee Inheritance Hierarchy 779......Page 780
19.3.4 CommissionEmployee–BasePlusCommissionEmployee Inheritance Hierarchy Using protected Data 783......Page 784
19.3.5 CommissionEmployee–BasePlusCommissionEmployee Inheritance Hierarchy Using private Data 786......Page 787
19.4 Constructors and Destructors in Derived Classes 791......Page 792
19.5 public, protected and private Inheritance 793......Page 794
19.7 Wrap-Up 794......Page 795
20 Object-Oriented Programming: Polymorphism 799......Page 800
20.1 Introduction 800......Page 801
20.3 Relationships Among Objects in an Inheritance Hierarchy 801......Page 802
20.3.1 Invoking Base-Class Functions from Derived-Class Objects 802......Page 803
20.3.2 Aiming Derived-Class Pointers at Base-Class Objects 805......Page 806
20.3.3 Derived-Class Member-Function Calls via Base-Class Pointers 806......Page 807
20.3.4 Virtual Functions and Virtual Destructors 808......Page 809
20.5 Abstract Classes and Pure virtual Functions 815......Page 816
20.6 Case Study: Payroll System Using Polymorphism 817......Page 818
20.6.1 Creating Abstract Base Class Employee 818......Page 819
20.6.2 Creating Concrete Derived Class SalariedEmployee 822......Page 823
20.6.3 Creating Concrete Derived Class CommissionEmployee 824......Page 825
20.6.4 Creating Indirect Concrete Derived Class BasePlusCommissionEmployee 826......Page 827
20.6.5 Demonstrating Polymorphic Processing 828......Page 829
20.7 (Optional) Polymorphism, Virtual Functions and Dynamic Binding “Under the Hood” 832......Page 833
20.8 Case Study: Payroll System Using Polymorphism and Runtime Type Information with Downcasting, dynamic_cast, typeid and type_info 835......Page 836
20.9 Wrap-Up 839......Page 840
21 Stream Input/Output: A Deeper Look 844......Page 845
21.1 Introduction 845......Page 846
21.2.1 Classic Streams vs. Standard Streams 846......Page 847
21.2.3 Stream Input/Output Classes and Objects 847......Page 848
21.3 Stream Output 849......Page 850
21.3.2 Character Output Using Member Function put 850......Page 851
21.4.1 get and getline Member Functions 851......Page 852
21.5 Unformatted I/O Using read, write and gcount 854......Page 855
21.6 Introduction to Stream Manipulators 855......Page 856
21.6.2 Floating-Point Precision (precision, setprecision) 856......Page 857
21.6.3 Field Width (width, setw) 858......Page 859
21.6.4 User-Defined Output Stream Manipulators 859......Page 860
21.7 Stream Format States and Stream Manipulators 860......Page 861
21.7.1 Trailing Zeros and Decimal Points (showpoint) 861......Page 862
21.7.2 Justification (left, right and internal) 862......Page 863
21.7.3 Padding (fill, setfill) 864......Page 865
21.7.4 Integral Stream Base (dec, oct, hex, showbase) 865......Page 866
21.7.5 Floating-Point Numbers; Scientific and Fixed Notation (scientific, fixed) 866......Page 867
21.7.7 Specifying Boolean Format (boolalpha) 867......Page 868
21.7.8 Setting and Resetting the Format State via Member Function flags 868......Page 869
21.8 Stream Error States 869......Page 870
21.10 Wrap-Up 872......Page 873
22 Exception Handling: A Deeper Look 881......Page 882
22.2 Example: Handling an Attempt to Divide by Zero 882......Page 883
22.3 Rethrowing an Exception 888......Page 889
22.4 Stack Unwinding 889......Page 890
22.5 When to Use Exception Handling 891......Page 892
22.6 Constructors, Destructors and Exception Handling 892......Page 893
22.8 Processing new Failures 893......Page 894
22.9 Class unique_ptr and Dynamic Memory Allocation 896......Page 897
22.10 Standard Library Exception Hierarchy 899......Page 900
22.11 Wrap-Up 900......Page 901
23 Introduction to Custom Templates 906......Page 907
23.2 Class Templates 907......Page 908
23.3 Function Template to Manipulate a Class-Template Specialization Object 912......Page 913
23.5 Default Arguments for Template Type Parameters 914......Page 915
23.7 Wrap-Up 915......Page 916
A. C and C++ Operator Precedence Charts 918......Page 919
B. ASCII Character Set 922......Page 923
C. Number Systems 923......Page 924
C.1 Introduction 924......Page 925
C.2 Abbreviating Binary Numbers as Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers 927......Page 928
C.4 Converting from Binary, Octal or Hexadecimal to Decimal 928......Page 929
C.5 Converting from Decimal to Binary, Octal or Hexadecimal 929......Page 930
C.6 Negative Binary Numbers: Two’s Complement Notation 931......Page 932
D. Sorting: A Deeper Look 936......Page 937
D.2 Big O Notation 937......Page 938
D.3 Selection Sort 938......Page 939
D.4 Insertion Sort 942......Page 943
D.5 Merge Sort 945......Page 946
E. Multithreading and Other C11 and C99 Topics 956......Page 957
E.1 Introduction 957......Page 958
E.2 New C99 Headers 958......Page 959
E.3 Designated Initializers and Compound Literals 959......Page 960
E.4 Type bool 961......Page 962
E.5 Implicit int in Function Declarations 963......Page 964
E.6 Complex Numbers 964......Page 965
E.7 Additions to the Preprocessor 965......Page 966
E.8.1 Compiler Minimum Resource Limits 966......Page 967
E.8.4 Flexible Array Members 967......Page 968
E.8.7 Inline Functions 968......Page 969
E.9 New Features in the C11 Standard 969......Page 970
E.9.2 Multithreading Support 970......Page 971
E.9.6 Type-Generic Expressions 978......Page 979
E.9.9 Static Assertions 979......Page 980
E.10 Web Resources 980......Page 981
Appendices on the Web 983......Page 984
Index 984......Page 985
A......Page 986
B......Page 987
C......Page 988
D......Page 990
E......Page 991
F......Page 992
G......Page 993
I......Page 994
J......Page 995
M......Page 996
N......Page 997
O......Page 998
P......Page 999
R......Page 1000
S......Page 1001
T......Page 1004
U......Page 1005
Z......Page 1006