Wireless Power Transfer via Radiowaves

Content: Introduction ix    Chapter 1. History, Present and Future of WPT 1    1.1. Theoretical predictions and the first trial in the 19th Century 1    1.2. Rejuvenated WPT by microwaves in the 1960s 3    1.3. Inductive coupling WPT projects in the 20th Century 10    1.4. WPT as a game-changing technology in the 21st Century 12    Chapter 2. Theory of WPT 21    2.1. Theoretical background 21    2.2. Beam efficiency and coupling efficiency 22    2.2.1. Beam efficiency of radiowaves 22    2.2.2. Theoretical increase of beam efficiency 26    2.2.3. Coupling efficiency at very close coupling distance 31    2.3. Beam forming 33    2.3.1. Beam-forming theory for the phased array and its error 33    2.3.2. Target detecting via radiowaves 42    2.4. Beam receiving 47    Chapter 3. Technologies of WPT 53    3.1. Introduction 53    3.2. Radio frequency (RF) generation     HPA using semiconductors 56    3.3. RF generation     microwave tubes 62    3.3.1. Magnetrons 63    3.3.2. Traveling wave tube/traveling wave tube amplifier 78    3.3.3. Klystron 80    3.4 Beam-forming and target-detecting technologies with phased array  81    3.4.1. Introduction 81    3.4.2. Phased array in the 1990s 82    3.4.3. Phased array in the 2000s 88    3.4.4. Phased array using magnetrons 98    3.4.5. Retrodirective system 105    3.5. RF rectifier     rectenna and tube type 110    3.5.1. General rectifying theory of rectenna 110    3.5.2. Various rectennas I     rectifying circuits 118    3.5.3. Various rectennas II     higher frequency and dual bands 123    3.5.4. Various rectennas III     weak power and energy harvester 129    3.5.5. Rectenna array 133    3.5.6. Rectifier using vacuum tube 138    Chapter 4. Applications of WPT 143    4.1. Introduction 143    4.2. Energy harvesting 145    4.3. Sensor network 152    4.4. Ubiquitous power source  156    4.5. MPT in a pipe 160    4.6. Microwave buildings 164    4.7. 2D WPT 169    4.8. Wireless charging for electric vehicles 171    4.9. Point-to-point WPT 177    4.10. WPT to moving/flying target 178    4.11. Solar power satellite 185    4.11.1. Basic concept 185    4.11.2. SPS as clean energy source of CO2-free energy and for sustainable humanosphere 187    4.11.3. MPT on SPS. 190    4.11.4. Various SPS models 192    Bibliography 213    Index 237