What works? Evidence based policy and practice in public services

WHAT WORKS?......Page 2
Contents......Page 6
Foreword......Page 8
Editors’ Preface......Page 11
List of acronyms......Page 13
List of contributors......Page 16
The rise of evidence......Page 18
The nature of evidence......Page 19
What works in different parts of the public sector......Page 21
Learning across the sectors......Page 26
Concluding remarks......Page 28
2. Evidence and the policy process......Page 30
A short history of the relationship between research and public policy in the UK......Page 33
Modelling the relationship between research and policy......Page 42
How research evidence is used in practice......Page 46
Policy networks and communities......Page 48
Evidence, policy and democracy......Page 50
Concluding remarks......Page 52
Introduction......Page 60
Nature of evidence......Page 61
Gathering the evidence......Page 67
Using the evidence......Page 69
International dimension......Page 74
Concluding remarks......Page 75
Introduction......Page 86
Nature and use of evidence......Page 89
Concluding remarks......Page 100
Introduction......Page 110
Nature of evidence......Page 114
Using the evidence......Page 121
Concluding remarks......Page 126
Introduction......Page 134
Nature of evidence......Page 137
Using the evidence......Page 142
Voluntary sector: pioneers again?......Page 144
Concluding remarks......Page 151
Introduction......Page 158
A history of evidence in welfare reform......Page 159
Purchasing evidence......Page 163
Creating evidence......Page 166
New forms of evidence......Page 172
Concluding remarks: the place of evidence......Page 178
Introduction......Page 184
Nature of evidence......Page 185
Using the evidence......Page 194
Concluding remarks......Page 199
Introduction......Page 204
Nature of evidence......Page 211
Using the evidence......Page 212
Concluding remarks......Page 217
Introduction: urban policy and the problem of evidence......Page 224
Nature of evidence......Page 227
Using the evidence......Page 234
Conclusions: is an evidence-based urban policy possible?......Page 241
Introduction......Page 246
The National Health Service by Trevor Sheldon......Page 247
The Home Office (police research) by Gloria Laycock......Page 252
The Department for Education and Employment(schools research) by Judy Sebba......Page 257
Concluding remarks by Sandra Nutley and Huw Davies......Page 262
Introduction......Page 268
Assessing what works: addressing the issue of bias......Page 270
Critiques of randomisation in evaluation......Page 280
Theory-driven evaluations......Page 282
Concluding remarks......Page 287
Introduction......Page 294
Observational study......Page 296
Observational study methodology......Page 298
Econometrics and the role of multiple linear regression......Page 299
Discussion......Page 305
Introduction......Page 308
What is qualitative research?......Page 309
What is evidence?......Page 312
Concluding remarks......Page 325
15. Making a reality of evidence-based practice......Page 334
Existing interventions for changing individual and organisational practice......Page 336
Conceptualising evidence-based practice......Page 341
Diffusion of evidence-based practice......Page 343
Bringing about change to achieve EBP......Page 348
Changing individual practice......Page 349
Changing organisational practice......Page 353
Concluding remarks......Page 359
Introduction......Page 368
Are evidence-based approaches appropriate?......Page 369
Nature of credible research evidence......Page 370
Securing research capacity and direction......Page 374
Getting evidence used......Page 375
Concluding remarks......Page 378