Well-Being: Its Meaning, Measurement, and Moral Importance (Clarendon Paperbacks)

Contents......Page 10
Introduction......Page 14
1. Mental state accounts......Page 20
2. Sidgwick\'s compromise......Page 22
3. The actual-desire account......Page 23
4. The informed-desire account......Page 24
5. Troubles with the informed-desire account......Page 29
6. Is there something between mental state and desire accounts?......Page 31
1. How may we restrict the desire account?......Page 34
2. Why we should resist restricting it more......Page 37
3. How value and desire are related......Page 39
4. A formal account......Page 44
5. Maximization and the unity of life......Page 47
6. A (restricted) interest theory of value......Page 50
7. Is this account still utilitarian?......Page 51
1. Two concepts of well-being......Page 53
2. The need account......Page 54
3. Can we give a tolerably clear sense to ‘basic need’?......Page 55
4. The link between need and obligation......Page 58
5. Avoiding distortions to moral thought......Page 60
6. A flexible need account......Page 64
7. Neutrality, objectivity, and moral depth......Page 66
1. Prudential perfectionism......Page 69
2. Moral perfectionism......Page 73
3. The ends of life......Page 77
4. How morality fits into prudence......Page 81
5. What is the good point buried in perfectionism?......Page 83
6. The primacy of prudential value theory......Page 85
1. On measuring well-being......Page 88
2. Moral incommensurables and prudential incommensurables......Page 90
3. Forms of incommensurability: (a) Incomparability......Page 92
5. (c) Weighting......Page 96
6. (d) Discontinuity......Page 98
7. (e) Pluralism......Page 102
1. Is well-being the sort of thing that can be measured at all?......Page 106
2. An ordinal scale of well-being......Page 108
3. Pockets of cardinality......Page 111
4. What powers of measurement do we actually need?......Page 116
1. The link between conceptions of well-being and problems of comparability......Page 119
2. A natural proposal for comparability and a problem with it......Page 121
3. Can the problem be solved?......Page 124
4. Interpersonal comparisons of well-being......Page 126
5. Intrapersonal intertemporal comparisons......Page 133
6. Comparability on a social scale......Page 134
1. Morality as something alien......Page 140
2. (a) Morality and self-interest......Page 141
3. (b) Morality and personal aims......Page 146
4. (c) Morality and rationality......Page 154
5. The nature of the self and the source of morality......Page 168
1. Equal respect and psychological realism......Page 176
2. The utilitarian view of equal respect......Page 180
3. The contractualist view of equal respect......Page 183
4. The two views compared......Page 196
5. A view of equal respect that allows some partiality......Page 199
1. Two problems: fairness and the breadth of the moral outlook......Page 205
2. The consequentialist\'s problem of finding a broad enough outlook......Page 208
3. The free-rider problem and a minimal solution......Page 219
4. The possibility of tougher, Kantian solutions......Page 228
5. The solution of an agent-centred deontology......Page 232
1. The need for a substantive theory......Page 237
2. First ground: personhood......Page 238
4. Third ground: the private sphere......Page 241
5. Fourth ground: equal respect......Page 243
6. What rights does the substantive theory yield?......Page 245
7. The need for a second level to the substantive theory......Page 247
8. A sampler of values that rights protect......Page 248
9. The second level......Page 255
1. The moral interest......Page 267
2. Is desert a moral reason for action?......Page 270
3. Is merit?......Page 271
4. Is my own demerit?......Page 277
5. Is the demerit of others?......Page 283
6. The social response......Page 285
7. Retributivism and utilitarianism......Page 295
1. ‘Distributive’ justice......Page 297
2. Role-based principles......Page 302
3. Rights-based principles......Page 305
4. Equality-based principles......Page 307
5. One setting and its principles......Page 314
6. A glance at another setting......Page 317
7. How are the principles structured?......Page 320
Notes......Page 326
Bibliography......Page 404
C......Page 416
D......Page 417
H......Page 418
L......Page 419
N......Page 420
P......Page 421
R......Page 422
T......Page 423
W......Page 424
Z......Page 425