Wearable Bioelectronics (Materials Today)

Front matter
Copyright
Contributors
Preface
Materials, systems, and devices for wearable bioelectronics
	Introduction
	Materials and structural design for flexible/stretchable sensors
		Flexible/stretchable substrate
		Functional/active materials
			Graphene
			CNT
			Semiconductor NWs
			Polymers
			Elastomeric nanocomposites
		Stretchable electrodes
		Structural approaches for flexibility/stretchability
	Flexible/stretchable sensor devices for wearable bioelectronics
		Pressure/strain sensors
		Temperature sensors
		(Bio)chemical sensors
	Conclusions and perspectives
	References
	Further reading
Wearable chemical sensors
	Target biomarker categories
		Electrolytes
		Metabolites
		Hormones
		Proteins and peptides
	Suitable chemical sensing interfaces
		Ion-selective electrodes
		Enzymatic sensors
		Affinity-based chemical sensors
		Synthetic receptor-based chemical sensors
	Electrochemical sensor integration
		Microfluidic interfaces
		Electronic integration
	Practical design considerations for wearable biomarker analysis
	References
Wearable biosensors and sample handling strategies
	Wearable biosensors
		Tear-based biosensors
		Saliva-based biosensors
		Sweat-based biosensors
		Subcutaneous and implantable sensors
	Sample handling strategies
		Sampling strategies of sweat
		Sampling strategies of other bodily fluids
	Microfluidic-based wearable devices
		Colorimetric sensors
		Electrochemical sensors
	Conclusion
	References
Powering wearable bioelectronic devices
	Introduction
	Wearable energy storage/supply devices
		Batteries
			Limitations of conventional lithium batteries for wearable bioelectronics
			Strategies to increase battery durability
			Flexible/stretchable batteries
		Electrochemical capacitors
			Charge storage mechanism
			Flexible electrochemical capacitors
	Wearable energy-harvesting devices
		Biofuel cells
			Figure-of-Merit for BFCs
			Noninvasive body fluid-based BFCs
			Self-powered biosensors
		Human body physical energy harvesters
			Thermal energy harvesters
			Kinetic energy harvesters
		Photovoltaic cells
	Wireless power transfer
	Problems and future perspectives
	References
	Further reading
E-skin and wearable systems for health care
	Introduction
	Components of e-skin systems
		Substrates
		Active switching devices
		Sensors
			Tactile sensors
			Field effect transistor-based sensors
		Interconnects
		Actuators
	Applications of e-skin
		Topical e-skin systems
			Diagnostic/monitoring patch
			Preventive care: Wearable UV dosimeter
			Plantar pressure monitoring insole
			Bio-electric recording
				Electrocardiogram
				Electromyography
		Implantable e-skin
			Neurotechnology
			Neural implants
			Intramuscular EMG skin
			Treatment of neuropathic pain
		Inanimato e-skin
			Prosthetic skin
			Surgical tools and robotic surgery
	Summary
	References
	Further reading
Wearable device for thermotherapies
	Introduction
	Thermal applications
		Thermal monitoring
		Thermal comfort
		Pain management
		Cancer therapy
	Material
		Conductors
		Dielectrics
	Fabrication methods and challenges
		Conductive printing
		Laminating and etching
		Weaving
		Knitting
		Embroidery
	Antenna (electrode)
		Contact flexible microstrip applicators
		Conformal microwave array
		Multielement spiral antenna
		Breast array thermotherapy
		Current sheet applicators
	Other design considerations
		Water bolus
		Numerical and tissue-equivalent numerical phantoms
	References
Soft actuator materials for textile muscles and wearable bioelectronics
	Introduction
	Advantages of textiles for actuators
	Smart textiles
	Yarn actuators
	Textile actuators
		Thermally activated textile actuators
		CP textile actuators
	Application areas
	Conclusions
	Acknowledgments
	References
	Further reading
Index
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	J
	K
	L
	M
	N
	O
	P
	R
	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
	Y