Waste-to-Energy Technologies and Global Applications

Content: 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 General1.2 Advancing Sustainable Wate Management Worldwide1.3 Thermal Treatment Technologies Used Globally1.4 Materials That Can Be Processed by Grate Combustion1.5 Grate Combustion and Gasification Technologies in Japan1.6 The Earth Engineering Center and the Global WtERT Council (GWC)1.7 Mission of the WrERT Council1.8 Waste-to-Energy Role in Advancing Sustainable Waste Management 1.9 References2 Legislation 2.1 Waste-to-Energy's Role in EU Energy Policy and Circular Economy2.2 Emission Levels in Waste-to-Energy Flue Gases2.3 Waste-to-Energy as an Integral Part of the Sustainable Waste Management Worldwide2.4 Waste-to-Energy Technology as a Renewable Energy Source2.5 References3 Waste-to-Energy Technologies  3.1 Combustion3.1.1 Introduction3.1.2 Plant layout3.1.3 Reception3.1.4 Combustion Chamber3.1.5 Boiler3.1.6 Steam turbine - Condenser3.1.7 Tele-heating - Electrical System3.1.8 Bottom Ash3.1.9 APC - Fly Ash3.1.10 Stack3.1.11 Results - R13.1.12 References3.2 Alternative thermal treatment technologies3.2.1 Introduction3.2.2 Pyrolysis3.2.3 Gasification and Plasma Gasification3.2.4 The JFE Direct Melting Process3.2.5 The Energos Grate Combustion and Gasification Process3.2.6 The Ebara Fluidized Bed Process3.2.7 The Thermoselect Gasification and Melting Process3.2.8 Plasma-Assisted Gasification WtE Processes3.2.9 Application of Various WtE Processes in Japan3.2.10 Technical Visit in an Alternative WtE Process Plant3.2.11 References4 Waste-to-Energy in Europe 4.1 Spain4.1.1 TERSA WtE Plant in Barcelona4.1.2 The Mataro WtE Plant (Maresme Integrated Waste Management Center) 4.2 Italy4.2.1 Torino WtE Plant4.2.2 Piacenza WtE Plant4.2.3 Brescia WtE Plant4.2.4 Naples ACERRA WtE Plant4.3 Poland4.3.1 Poznan WtE Plant4.4 Norway4.4.1 The Klemetsrud Plant, Oslo4.5 Denmark4.5.1 Kara / Noveren WtE Plant4.6 Portugal4.6.1 Lipor Integrated Waste Management System4.6.2 Valorsul Waste-to-Energy Plant4.7 France4.7.1 Oreade - La Havre4.7.2 Creteil4.8 Germany4.8.1 MVB Waste-to-Energy Plants and AVG Hazardous Waste-to-Energy Plant, Hamburg4.9 Austria4.9.1 Arnoldstein WtE Plant4.9.2 Spittelau WtE Plant4.10 Finland4.10.1 Vaasa Westenergy WtE Plant4.11 United Kingdom4.11.1 Isle of Man WtE Plant4.12 Ireland4.12.1 Meath WtE Plant4.13 Belgium4.13.1 ISVAG WtE Plant4.14 Russia4.14.1 EVN Waste-to-Energy Plant4.15 The Netherlands4.15.1 Alkmaar WtE Plant4.16 References5 Waste-to-Energy in the Americas 5.1 United States of America5.1.1 New Jersey - Union County5.1.2 West Palm Beach, Florida5.2 Canada5.2.1 Durham York Energy Center (DYEC) 5.3 Brazil5.4 Cuba5.4.1 Special Conference Events in Cuba5.4.2 Technical Visit5.5 References6 Waste-to-Energy in Asia 6.1 China6.1.1 Suzhou Everbright State Venus Industry Demonstration Park in Suzhou City6.1.2 Gao-An-Tun WtE Plant in Beijing6.1.3 Shanghai Pucheng Thermal Power Energy Co., Ltd, Pudong Yuqiao Waste to Energy Plant6.1.4 Chongqing Sanfeng Covanta Waste-to-Energy Plant6.2 Azerbaijan6.2.1 Baku Waste-to-Energy6.3 India6.3.1 Jabalpur WtE Plant6.4 Indonesia6.5 References7 Waste-toEnergy in Africa 7.1 Ethiopia7.1.1 Joint European and African Research and Innovation Agenda - Addis Ababa Meeting 7.1.2 Joint European and African Research and Innovation Agenda - Brussels Meeting7.1.3 The KOSHE WtE Project, at Reppie, Addis Ababa7.2 References8 Environmental Impact of Waste-to-Energy  8.1 Air Pollution8.1.1 Emissions8.1.2 PCDD/Fs, Dioxins8.1.3 NOx8.1.4 Contribution of the Emissions of WtE to Air Pollution8.1.5 Conclusion8.2 Residues8.2.1 Bottom Ash8.2.2 Treatment Technology8.3 Rnvironmental Comparison of WtE With Landfill and Recycling8.4 conclusions8.5 references9 Waste-to-Energy Investement Evaluation (WtE Tool) 9.1 Introduction9.2 Financial Model9.2.1 Revenues9.2.2 Operational Expenses (OPEX) 9.2.3 Capital Expense (CAPEX) 9.2.4 Project Valuation9.3 Types of Contracts - Financing9.4 Waste-to-Energy Tool9.5 References