Volcano and Geothermal Tourism: Sustainable Geo-Resources for Leisure and Recreation

Contents......Page 6
List of Figures, Tables and Boxes......Page 10
List of Contributors......Page 16
Preface......Page 20
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations......Page 22
Part I Introduction......Page 24
Introduction to volcano and geothermal tourism......Page 26
The volcano tourist......Page 28
Volcano and geothermal tourism......Page 30
Volcanoes in history and culture......Page 33
Geophysical background: Volcanic and geothermal processes......Page 35
Risk management: How great is the risk factor?......Page 38
Summary: The New Frontier – volcanic and geothermal destinations......Page 46
The structure of this book......Page 48
References......Page 49
Introduction......Page 56
Virunga National Park......Page 58
Virunga volcanic range: The belt of fire......Page 62
Biomes, wildlife and biodiversity......Page 64
The Virunga National Park: Tourism and heritage......Page 65
Concluding remarks......Page 66
References......Page 67
Geological and structural outlines of Ethiopia......Page 68
Volcano tourism in the Danakil Desert......Page 73
Risk management......Page 74
References......Page 76
Piton de la Fournaise volcano (Furnace Peak)......Page 77
Reference......Page 79
Tourism......Page 80
Geology......Page 82
Risks and risk management......Page 85
References......Page 86
Introduction......Page 88
Introducing the ‘Big Five’ of the Big Island......Page 90
Big Island lava tube values......Page 91
Threats to Big Island lava tube caves......Page 93
The range of tourist lava tube experiences for visitors on the Big Island of Hawai‘i......Page 95
Small group adventure tours promote cave conservation......Page 96
Case study: The Pua Po‘o adventure tour......Page 97
References......Page 98
Volcanic hazards......Page 100
References......Page 105
Introduction......Page 108
Tourism and the Earth sciences (geotourism)......Page 109
Tourism and the curse of natural resources......Page 110
Montserrat case study......Page 111
The role of the MVO......Page 113
Volcanoes as sites of ‘dark’ tourism......Page 114
Summary......Page 115
References......Page 116
Volcanoes of Central America......Page 117
Volcanoes of South America......Page 124
References......Page 128
Geophysical aspects and history of activity......Page 130
Risk management......Page 132
References......Page 133
Geophysical aspects and history of activity......Page 134
Risk management......Page 136
References......Page 137
Geophysical aspects and history of activity......Page 138
Tourism......Page 139
References......Page 140
The aftermath......Page 141
References......Page 142
Location......Page 143
Geophysical aspects and history of activity......Page 144
Risk management......Page 145
References......Page 146
Location......Page 147
Geophysical aspects and history of activity......Page 148
Tourism......Page 149
References......Page 150
Introduction......Page 152
Introduction......Page 154
Impacts of tourism on the volcano......Page 155
The use of tourism planning frameworks in geotourism......Page 157
Issues associated with applying a tourism-planning framework to Sibayak......Page 158
What can be done to build the Sibayak volcano experience as a sustainable international geotourism attraction?......Page 159
Conclusion......Page 163
References......Page 164
Introduction......Page 165
Mount Aso......Page 167
Mt Sakurajima......Page 171
Mt Unzen......Page 172
The Tsurumi dome complex......Page 175
Conclusion......Page 176
References......Page 177
Geological background......Page 178
The cultural and historical significance of the Japanese volcanic environment for tourism......Page 182
Risk management in volcano tourism......Page 186
The likely impact of natural disasters on inbound and domestic tourism......Page 189
Conclusions......Page 190
References......Page 191
Internet sites consulted......Page 192
Volcanic origins......Page 193
Tourism on Jeju......Page 194
The volcanic geotourism attractions of Jeju Island......Page 195
The current status of geotourism on Jeju......Page 200
References......Page 201
Introduction......Page 203
Damavand summit: Geological background......Page 204
Mt Damavand as a volcano tourist destination......Page 205
Mt Damavand as a natural world heritage site......Page 207
Risk management of volcano tourism on Mt Damavand......Page 208
References......Page 209
Volcanic hazards and volcano monitoring in the Philippines......Page 210
Volcano tourism in the Philippines......Page 212
References......Page 218
Tourism......Page 219
References......Page 222
Geophysical aspects and history of activity......Page 223
References......Page 224
Geophysical aspects and history of activity......Page 225
Risk management......Page 227
References......Page 228
Introduction......Page 230
Geology and volcanism......Page 232
Tourism......Page 233
Volcanic and geothermal related tourism......Page 234
Acknowledgements......Page 242
References......Page 243
Summary of important geographic and volcanic characteristics......Page 244
Historical development of volcano tourism at Etna and Stromboli......Page 245
Assessment of the volcanic hazard potential and its impact on tourism......Page 247
Analysis of tourism infrastructures and tourist facilities at Mt Etna and Stromboli......Page 248
Visitors’ demand, profile, interest and activities at Mt Etna and Stromboli......Page 250
Tourism in the protected area of Mt Etna and its ecological and economic impact......Page 253
Conclusions......Page 254
References......Page 255
Introduction......Page 256
Volcano hazard management......Page 257
The National Emergency Plan for the Vesuvian Area......Page 258
Drawing tourism into the hazard management equation......Page 260
Perspectives on the current state of tourism around Vesuvius......Page 261
Breathing new life into Vesuvian tourism......Page 264
Linking tourism to emergency plans......Page 265
Conclusions......Page 267
References......Page 269
Introduction......Page 270
Geological background......Page 272
Cultural and historical significance of the volcanic environment......Page 274
Patterns of tourism......Page 275
Other volcanic areas of France......Page 278
Conclusions......Page 280
References......Page 281
An introduction to Scotland’s ‘west coast’ volcanic tourism......Page 282
The aesthetic landscape movements......Page 283
Scotland’s west coast volcanoes......Page 285
Geotourism in the Highlands and Islands......Page 287
Modern Scottish geotourism......Page 289
Some concluding remarks......Page 293
References......Page 294
Pico Volcano Natural Reserve......Page 295
References......Page 297
Geophysical aspects and history of activity......Page 298
References......Page 299
Geophysical aspects and history of activity......Page 300
Risk factors......Page 301
Tourism......Page 302
References......Page 303
Introduction......Page 304
References......Page 307
Introduction......Page 310
Introduction......Page 312
Geological background......Page 313
Tongariro National Park......Page 316
Risk management......Page 318
Conclusions......Page 322
References......Page 323
Classifying volcanic landforms......Page 325
Small (monogenetic) volcanoes......Page 326
The young volcanoes of south-eastern Australia......Page 328
The Kanawinka Geopark of south-east Australia as an example of volcano tourism......Page 330
Threats to the volcanic landforms in the Kanawinka Geopark......Page 332
References......Page 333
Tourism in Australia......Page 335
Volcanic landforms in Australia......Page 337
Volcanic environments of New South Wales......Page 341
References......Page 343
Yasur volcano......Page 345
References......Page 346
Historical aspects......Page 347
Current focus......Page 349
Potential conflict between geothermal power and touristic exploitation......Page 350
References......Page 351
A visit to Pendulum Cove......Page 352
References......Page 353
Part VII......Page 354
Concluding remarks......Page 356
What do the experts say?......Page 357
Recommendations for the development of safety guidelines for tourism in active volcanic environments......Page 360
Final comments......Page 362
References......Page 363
Appendix 1 An Overview of Recent Volcanic Activity Worldwide......Page 364
Appendix 2 Major Volcanoes Worldwide......Page 368
Appendix 3......Page 378
Appendix 4 Useful Websites......Page 379
Index......Page 382
Colour plates......Page 402