Vitagenes in avian biology and poultry health

Preface
About the author
Table of contents
Abbreviations
Part I. Stresses and antioxidant defences
	Chapter 1 Stresses in poultry production
		1.1 Introduction
		1.2 Classification of stresses in poultry production
		1.3 Technological stresses
		1.4 Environmental stresses
		1.5 Nutritional stresses
		1.6 Internal/biological stresses
		1.7 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 2 Antioxidant systems in animal body
		2.1 Introduction
		2.2 Free radicals and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
		2.3 Three levels of antioxidant defence
		2.4 Antioxidant defence network
		2.5 Oxidative stress and redox biology
		2.6 Stress-response pathways
		2.7 Oxidative stress and transcription factors
		2.8 Conclusions
		References
Part II. Vitagenes in avian biology
	Chapter 3 Vitagene concept development
		3.1 Introduction
		3.2 Vitagene family
		3.3 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 4 Superoxide dismutases (SODs)
		4.1 Introduction
		4.2 Superoxide dismutase in biological systems
		4.3 Superoxide dismutase in avian biology
		4.4 Superoxide dismutase up- and down-regulation in stress conditions
		4.5 Clinical significance of superoxide dismutase activity in different tissues
		4.6 Dietary modulation of superoxide dismutase
		4.7 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 5 Heat shock proteins
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 Heat shock response and heat shock factors
		5.3 Chicken heat shock factors
		5.4 Heat shock proteins
		5.5 Practical applications of heat shock proteins expression in poultry production
		5.6 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 6 Thioredoxin system
		6.1 Introduction
		6.2 Thioredoxins
		6.3 Thioredoxin reductase
		6.4 Peroxiredoxins
		6.5 Sulfiredoxin
		6.6 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 7 Glutathione system in avian biology
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 Glutathione
		7.3 Glutathione reductase
		7.4 Glutaredoxins
		7.5 Glutathione peroxidases
		7.6 Se-dependent glutathione peroxidases
		7.7 Non-Se glutathione peroxidases
		7.8 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 8 Sirtuins in avian biology
		8.1 Introduction
		8.2 Protective functions of sirtuins
		8.3 Sirtuins and oxidative stress
		8.4 Nutritional regulation of sirtuins
		8.5 Sirtuins and transcription factors
		8.6 Conclusions
		References
Part III. Nutritional modulation of vitagenes
	Chapter 9 Carnitine
		9.1 Introduction
		9.2 Absorption and metabolism of carnitine
		9.3 Antioxidant action of carnitine
		9.4 Carnitine and Nrf2 regulation
		9.5 Carnitine and NF-κB regulation
		9.6 Effect of carnitine on vitagene network
		9.7 Sparing effects of carnitine on vitamin E
		9.8 Carnitine as a part of antioxidant mixtures
		9.9 Specific protective effects of carnitine in poultry production
		9.10 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 10 Taurine
		10.1 Introduction
		10.2 Taurine sources
		10.3 Taurine absorption and metabolism
		10.4 Biological roles of taurine
		10.5 Antioxidant properties of taurine
		10.6 Taurine and transcription factors
		10.7 Effect of taurine on vitagene expression
		10.8 Taurine metabolism in poultry
		10.9 Effects of dietary taurine on growing chickens
		10.10 Protective effects of taurine in stress conditions
		10.11 Taurine essentiality and requirement in poultry
		10.12 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 11 Silymarin
		11.1 Introduction
		11.2 Absorption and metabolism of silibinin
		11.3 Antioxidant properties of silymarin
		11.4 Silymarin and Nrf2 regulation
		11.5 Silymarin and NF-κB regulation
		11.6 Effect of silymarin on vitagene expression
		11.7 Protective effect of silymarin in the gut
		11.8 Silymarin in poultry
		11.9 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 12 Natural antioxidants as vitagene modulators
		12.1 Introduction
		12.2 Vitamin A
		12.3 Vitamin D
		12.4 Vitamin E
		12.5 Ascorbic acid
		12.6 Selenium
		12.7 Betaine
		12.8 Polyphenols/flavonoids
		12.9 Synergistic combinations of antioxidants
		12.10 Conclusions
		References
Part VI. Practical applications of the vitagene concept in commercial poultry production
	Chapter 13 Performax concept development
		13.1 Introduction
		13.2 Usage of drinking system for vitagene-activating nutrient mixture delivery
		13.3 The development of multi-nutrient mixture for vitagene activation and increasing stress resistance of poultry
		13.4 Effect of the vitagene-regulating anti-stress composition on rearing birds, layer and broiler breeders
		13.5 Effects of the vitagene-regulating anti-stress composition on broilers
		13.6 Vitagene activation as an important strategy in stress prevention/alleviation
		13.7 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 14 Shellbone concept development
		14.1 Introduction
		14.2 Molecular mechanisms of egg shell quality deterioration and a choice of nutrients to design a feed supplement
		14.3 Taurine and shell gland
		14.4 Active vitamin D metabolites and eggshell formation
		14.5 Manganese and eggshell quality
		14.6 Zinc and eggshell quality
		14.7 Ascorbic acid and eggshell quality
		14.8 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 15 Vitatonic concept development
		15.1 Introduction
		15.2 Fatty-liver haemorrhagic syndrome
		15.3 Vitagenes and fatty-liver haemorrhagic syndrome
		15.4 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 16 Vitagenes in gut health and immunity
		16.1 Introduction
		16.2 Role of vitagenes in the gut defence
		16.3 Gut redox balance and microbiota
		16.4 Vitagenes and immunity
		16.5 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 17 Looking ahead
		17.1 Introduction
		17.2 Integrated antioxidant defence network
		17.3 Vitagenes and stress adaptation
		17.4 Future prospects
		17.5 General conclusions
		References