Vibration and Acoustics: Measurement and Signal Analysis

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
	1.1 Need for Vibration and Acoustic Measurements
	1.2 Signals and Their Representation
Chapter 2: Theory of Vibration
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Single-Degree-of-Freedom System
	2.3 Two-Degree-of-Freedom System
	2.4 Multi-Degree-of-Freedom System
	Further Readings
Chapter 3: Vibration Transducers
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Classification of Transducers
	3.3 Earliest Vibration Transducer: The Hand Vibrograph
	3.4 Absolute Measuring Transducers or Seismic Transducers
	3.5 Displacement Transducers
	3.6 Velocity Transducers
	3.7 Acceleration Transducers
	3.8 Other Vibration Transducers
	3.9 Smart Sensors (Plug and Play Devices) and Transducer Electronic Data Sheets (TEDs)
	3.10 Comparison of Transducers
	Further Readings
Chapter 4: Vibration Excitation Techniques
	4.1 Introduction to Vibration Excitation
	4.2 Vibration Exciters of the Contact Type
	4.3 Non-intrusive (Non-Contact) Excitation Techniques
	4.4 Shock Testing
	Futher Readings
Chapter 5: Other Transducers and Equipment Related to Vibration Measurement
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Strain Gauges
	5.3 Transducers for Force Measurement
	5.4 Transducers for Torque Measurement
	5.5 Pressure Transducers
	5.6 Equipment which Facilitate Measurements on Rotating Structures
	5.7 Signal Conditioning Amplifiers
	Further Readings
Chapter 6: Fundamentals of Signal Analysis
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Various Steps in Data Acquisition and Processing
	6.3 Some Important Signal Operations
	6.4 Some Important Concepts Related to Signals and Systems
	6.5 Frequency Domain Analysis
	6.6 Sampling of Continuous-Time Signals
	6.7 The Fast Fourier Transform
	6.8 FFT Analyser Setup
	6.9 Leakage and Windowing
	6.10 Averaging
	6.11 Zoom
	Further Readings
Chapter 7: Dealing with Random Signals
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Modelling of Random Processes
	7.3 Probabilistic Model
	7.4 Some Common Distributions
	7.5 Statistical Descriptors for Random Signals
	7.6 Classification of Random Data
	7.7 Frequency Domain Representation of Random Signals
	7.8 Response of an SDOF System
	Further Readings
Chapter 8: Common Vibration Monitoring and Analysis Techniques
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Sources of Vibration in Rotating Machines
	8.3 Transducer Considerations
	8.4 Vibration Data Collection Errors and Their Effects
	8.5 Ways of Displaying Vibration Data
	8.6 Time Domain Analysis
	8.7 Statistical/Probabilistic Descriptors of Vibration Signals
	8.8 Lissajous Pattern/Orbit Plots
	8.9 Phase (Relative Motion) Analysis in the Time Domain
	8.10 Mode Shape Analysis
	8.11 Frequency Domain Analysis/Spectrum Analysis (Amplitude versus Frequency)
	8.12 Order Tracking/RPM-Based Measurements
	8.13 Bodé Plots
	8.14 Polar Plot/Nyquist Plot
	8.15 Cepstrum (Quefrency Domain) Analysis
	8.16 Envelope Analysis/Demodulation Technique
	8.17 Parametric Spectra Using Autoregrassive (AR) and Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) Models
	8.18 Advanced Fault Diagnostic Techniques
	8.19 Wavelet Analysis
	8.20 Fault Classification using Ann
	8.21 Classification using Support Vector Machines (SVM)
	Further Readings
Chapter 9: Vibration Severity and Standards
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Classification of Severity of Machinery Vibration
	9.3 Sensitivity of Human Beings to Vibration
	9.4 Ride Comfort Analysis in Rail Vehicles
	9.5 Vibrations Affecting People in Buildings
	Further Readings
Chapter 10: Basics of Experimental Modal Analysis
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Important Experimental Aspects of Modal Testing
	10.3 Representation and Properties of FRF Data of SDOF and MDOF Systems
	10.4 Obtaining FRFs with True Random Excitation
	10.5 Signal Processing Problems and Solutions in Modal Analysis
	10.6 Modal Parameter Extraction Methods for SDOF and MDOF Systems
	10.7 Damage Detection from Modal Parameters
	Further Readings
Chapter 11: Fundamentals of Acoustics
	11.1 Human Perception of Sound
		11.2 Sound Wave Propagation in 1-D
		11.3 Sound Propagation in 3-D Space: The 3-D Wave Equation
		11.4 Some Important Acoustic Quantities and Relations
		11.5 Sound Transmission from One Medium to Another with Normal Incidence
		11.6 Acoustics of Enclosed Spaces
		Further Readings
Chapter 12: Acoustic Transducers
	12.1 Parameters to be Considered in the Choice of Microphones
	12.2 Various Types of Microphones
	12.3 Acoustic Exciters
	12.4 Acoustic Calibrators
	Further Readings
Chapter 13: Common Measurements in Acoustics
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Sound Level Measurement
	13.3 Sound Power from Sound Pressure Level Measurement
	13.4 Sound Intensity Measurement
	13.5 Reverberation Time Measurements
	13.6 Sound Absorption Measurement
	13.7 Measurement of Sound Transmission Loss
	13.8 Acoustic Chambers
	13.9 Community Reaction to Noise
	Further Readings
Chapter 14: Typical Vibration/Noise Measurements and Case Studies
	14.1 Evaluation of Loss Factors of Rubber Specimens
	14.2 Evaluation of Vibration Damping Characteristics of Tubes
	14.3 Vibration Test on Torsional Vibration Damper
	14.4 Calibration of Transducers
	14.5 Ground Vibration due to Blasting
	14.6 A Case Study on Floor Vibration Measurements
	14.7 Vibration Isolation of A 28-HP Engine
	14.8 Heavy Vehicle Dynamics—Comparison of Ride Comfort Between Vehicle with Leaf Spring and Hydropneumatic Suspensions
	14.9 Dynamic Studies of Railways Bogies
	14.10 Vibration and Ride Comfort Studies on a Tracked Vehicle
	14.11 Experimental Modal Analysis
	14.12 Vibration Measurement on Turbine Blades in a Power Station
	14.13 Study of Sound from a 106 MW Power Plant
	14.14 Evaluation of Rubber Impregnated Steel Roller Chains for Noise Reduction and Vibration Damping Characteristics
	14.15 Sound Intensity Measurement on Helicopter
Index