Vaccines: Preventing Disease and Protecting Health

Contents......Page 4
Preface......Page 9
Introduction......Page 11
SETTING THE STAGE......Page 14
Vaccines and the Challenge of Emerging and Re-Emerging Diseases: From HIV/AIDS to Bioterrorism......Page 16
A Century of Vaccines and Immunization in the Americas......Page 26
PART I. THE PRESENT......Page 34
Polio: Present Status and Post-Eradication Policies......Page 36
Potential for Circulation of Vaccine-derived Polioviruses......Page 44
Is Global Measles Eradication Feasible?......Page 48
New Measles Vaccine Formulations and Delivery Systems and their Potential Contribution to Reducing Measles Mortality Worldwide......Page 56
The Burden of Congenital Rubella Syndrome......Page 66
Accelerated Control of Rubella and Prevention of Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Experiences in the Americas......Page 74
The Challenge of Yellow Fever......Page 78
PART II. THE CUTTING EDGE......Page 86
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B: The Burden in Asia......Page 88
Development of a Live Varicella Vaccine: Current Status and Prospects......Page 92
Hepatitis A Vaccines......Page 102
Conjugate Meningococcal Vaccines for Africa......Page 112
The Efficacy and Effectiveness of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines......Page 117
PART III. THE FUTURE......Page 122
Rotavirus Vaccines......Page 124
Typhoid Fever and Cholera Vaccines......Page 133
Progress in Shigella Vaccine Development......Page 143
Human Papillomavirus......Page 153
Success in Vaccinating against Helicobacter pylori......Page 157
Hepatitis C......Page 163
Advances in Influenza Vaccine Development......Page 170
Vaccine Prospects for Respiratory Syncytial Virus......Page 180
PART IV. THE QUEST......Page 188
A New Generation of Tuberculosis Vaccines......Page 190
A New Polio Vaccine?......Page 196
The Quest for a Preventive Vaccine Against HIV/AIDS......Page 202
Dengue Vaccines......Page 213
Progress Toward a Malaria Vaccine......Page 220
Hookworm in the Americas: Progress in the Development of an Anti-hookworm Vaccine......Page 226
PART V. NEW CONCEPTS FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT, ADJUVANTS, AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS......Page 234
Mucosal Vaccines to Induce Cellular Immunity Against HIV and Other Viral Infections......Page 236
Maternal Immunization......Page 251
DNA Vaccines: A Review......Page 258
Oral Vaccines Derived from Transgenic Plants......Page 269
New Adjuvants......Page 276
The PowderJect Particle-mediated Epidermal Delivery of DNA Vaccines: A New Technology......Page 286
VI. VACCINES AND BIOTERRORISM......Page 292
Smallpox Vaccine......Page 294
Anthrax......Page 300
Vaccines Against Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers......Page 304
VII. REGULATORY AND SAFETY ISSUES......Page 312
The Public Sector Perspective......Page 314
The Industry Perspective......Page 317
The Consumers' Perspective......Page 323
VIII. VACCINES, PREVENTION, AND PUBLIC HEALTH......Page 332
The Role of Prevention in Health and Public Health: Challenges for the Future......Page 334
External Finance of Immunization Programs: Time for a Change in Paradigm?......Page 338
A Vision for the Future Sustainability of National Financing of Immunization Programs......Page 346
The Role of Multilateral Financing Institutions in Supporting Immunization Programs......Page 354
The Potential Impact of Health Reform on Immunization Programs......Page 357
Perspectives for the Elimination/Eradication of Diseases with Vaccines......Page 367
EPILOGUE: CONFERENCE ON VACCINES, PREVENTION, AND PUBLIC HEALTH: A VISION FOR THE FUTURE......Page 374
Welcoming Remarks......Page 376
Summation......Page 378
Meeting Agenda......Page 382
List of Participants......Page 387