Urban Poverty, Housing and Social Change in China (Housing and Society)

Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Dedication......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Preface......Page 8
Acknowledgements......Page 9
Economic reform and urban change......Page 10
Social implications......Page 11
Exploring the new urban poor......Page 13
What is transition?......Page 16
Political changes......Page 17
Economic changes—the Big Bang and J-curve......Page 18
Institutional changes—gradualism......Page 20
Urban transition......Page 22
Inequality and poverty......Page 24
Differences between eastern Europe and China......Page 26
3 Urban change in China......Page 29
Rural and urban division......Page 30
Cadres and workers in the state sector......Page 31
Distribution of benefits......Page 32
Work units and social integration......Page 33
Land use and spatial patterns......Page 35
Social and spatial change since 1978......Page 36
Rural to urban migration......Page 37
Changes of employment structure and work units......Page 39
Diversification of social and economic groups......Page 41
Spatial re-organisation......Page 43
Distribution of reform benefits......Page 45
Continuities and changes......Page 47
4 The emerging problem of the urban poor......Page 49
Urban income inequality......Page 50
Traditional poor......Page 53
Unemployment and laid-off workers......Page 54
Poor students......Page 57
Landless suburban farmers......Page 58
Rural migrants......Page 59
Traditional old housing areas......Page 61
Poor state enterprises housing estates......Page 62
Urban villages......Page 63
Construction site dormitories......Page 64
Causes of urban poverty......Page 65
5 Social and economic profile of the urban poor......Page 67
Household characteristics......Page 68
Employment......Page 70
Income......Page 73
Institutional causes of poverty......Page 75
Urban housing reform......Page 80
Housing conditions of the urban poor......Page 83
Ownership......Page 85
Housing costs......Page 87
Impact of housing reform......Page 88
Housing as a cause of poverty......Page 90
7 Poverty among migrants......Page 95
Education level of migrants......Page 96
Where do they come from?......Page 97
Housing and living conditions......Page 98
Employment and income......Page 101
Other costs of living......Page 103
Migration to earn a living......Page 104
Not a one-way journey......Page 106
8 The elimination of poverty......Page 109
Social support and welfare policies......Page 110
Anti-poverty policies: the three defence lines......Page 112
Basic Living Allowance for Laid-Off Workers......Page 113
Unemployment insurance......Page 114
Urban minimum living standard......Page 115
Integration of the three defence lines......Page 118
New social housing policies......Page 120
Effects of urban redevelopment......Page 122
Limitations and future challenges......Page 126
9 Conclusion......Page 128
Different experiences of transition and poverty......Page 129
Impact from market reform......Page 133
Impact from urbanisation......Page 134
Impact of globalisation......Page 136
Policy options......Page 137
References......Page 141
Index......Page 150