Tryptophan, Serotonin, and Melatonin: Basic Aspects and Applications

Front Matter....Pages i-xix
Acute Regulation and Long-Term Modulation of Presynaptic Serotonin Output....Pages 1-10
Pet Studies of Serotonin Synthesis in the Human Brain....Pages 11-18
Tryptophan Hydroxylase Regulation Drug-Induced Modifications that Alter Serotonin Neuronal Function....Pages 19-27
Monoamine Depletion in Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Depression....Pages 29-33
The Tryptophan Depletion Test: Impact on Sleep in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Obsessive—Compulsive Disorder....Pages 35-42
5-Ht and Human Anxiety: Evidence from Studies Using Acute Tryptophan Depletion....Pages 43-55
Plasma L-Tryptophan Depletion and Aggression....Pages 57-65
A Comparison of the Effects of Acute Tryptophan Depletion and Acute Phenylalanine/Tyrosine Depletion in Healthy Women....Pages 67-71
Fructose Malabsorption is Associated with Decreased Plasma Tryptophan....Pages 73-78
Use of Melatonin in the Treatment of Phase Shift and Sleep Disorders....Pages 79-84
A Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effects of L-Tryptophan in Patients with Premenstrual Dysphoria....Pages 85-88
Nocturnal Melatonin Secretion and its Modification by Treatment in Patients with Sleep Disorders....Pages 89-93
The Serotonergic Appetite Suppressant Fenfluramine....Pages 95-100
Serotonin, Dieting, and Bulimia Nervosa....Pages 101-104
Peripherally Injected IL-1 Induces Anorexia and Increases Brain Tryptophan Concentrations....Pages 105-108
Involvement of Nitric Oxide in the 5-Ht1A Autoreceptor-Mediated Hyperphagia in Rats....Pages 109-111
Modulation and Function of Kynurenic Acid in the Immature Rat Brain....Pages 113-123
Kynurenine Pathway Metabolism in Human Astrocytes....Pages 125-131
Degradation of Tryptophan in Neurodegenerative Disorders....Pages 133-138
Brain Tryptophan/Serotonin Perturbations in Metabolic Encephalopathy and the Hazards Involved in the Use of Psychoactive Drugs....Pages 139-154
Tryptophan Metabolism and Hepatic Encephalopathy....Pages 155-167
Sleep Disorders and Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy Following Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Stent Shunt in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis....Pages 169-176
L-5-Hydroxytryptophan Can Prevent Nociceptive Disorders in Man....Pages 177-182
Triptans....Pages 183-189
Plasma and Urinary Serotonin and 5-Hydroxyindol-3-Acetic Acid in Adults with Migraine and Tension-Type Headache....Pages 191-197
Neuroprotective Effects of Kynurenine-3-Hydroxylase Inhibitors in Models of Brain Ischemia....Pages 199-206
Further Evidences for Neuroprotective Effects of Melatonin....Pages 207-215
Therapeutic Potential of Melatonin in Immunodeficiency States, Viral Diseases, and Cancer....Pages 217-226
Clinical Experiences with the Use of Indole-3-Pyruvic Acid....Pages 227-232
Regulation of Quinolinic Acid Synthesis by Mitochondria and O-Methoxybenzoylalanine....Pages 233-239
Regulation of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase, The First Enzyme in Uv Filter Biosynthesis in the Human Lens....Pages 241-245
Melatonin in Cancer Patients and in Tumor-Bearing Animals....Pages 247-264
Tryptophan Metabolism in Alcoholism....Pages 265-274
Effect of Cisplatin and Paclitaxel on Plasma Free Tryptophan Levels....Pages 275-278
Effect of Kynurenine on Tryptophan-Albumin Binding in Human Plasma....Pages 279-282
Vitamin Effects on Tryptophan-Niacin Metabolism in Primary Hepatoma Patients....Pages 283-287
Serum Tryptophan to Large Neutral Amino Acid Ratio and Urinary Tryptophan in Three Patients with Phenylketonuria in a Family....Pages 289-295
Plasma and Urinary Serotonin and 5-Hiaa in Children Treated with Lamotrigine for Intractable Epilepsy....Pages 297-302
Effect of Continuous Melatonin Infusions on Steady-State Plasma Melatonin Levels, Metabolic Fate and Tissue Retention in Rats Under Near Physiological Conditions....Pages 303-313
Labeled Kynurenine Pharmacokinetic Modeling Studies in Gerbils....Pages 315-320
Antioxidative Properties of Serotonin and the Bactericidal Function of Polymorphonuclear Phagocytes....Pages 321-325
Preventive Effect of Melatonin on the Progression of Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Rats....Pages 327-332
Effects of Peroxisome-Proliferators on the Trp-Nad Pathway....Pages 333-340
Effect of Albumin Administration on L-Tryptophan Levels in the Serum and Tissues of Rats with Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Nephrosis....Pages 341-346
The Influence of Kynurenine, Neopterin, and Norepinephrine on Tubular Epithelial Cells and Alveolar Fibroblasts....Pages 347-352
Changes in Membrane Fluidity Induced by Tryptophan and its Metabolites....Pages 353-367
Hormonal Influences on Tryptophan Binding to Rat Hepatic Nuclei....Pages 369-378
Melatonin and Tryptophan Derivatives as Free Radical Scavengers and Antioxidants....Pages 379-387
Indole-3-Pyruvic and -Propionic Acids, Kynurenic Acid, and Related Metabolites as Luminophores and Free-Radical Scavengers....Pages 389-395
Radical Scavenging Properties of Tryptophan Metabolites....Pages 397-402
Tryptanthrins and Other Tryptophan-Derived Agonists of the Dioxin Receptor....Pages 403-408
Induction of Cytochrome P4501A1 by Ozone-Oxidized Tryptophan in Hepa Lclc7 Cells....Pages 409-418
Cinnabarinic Acid was Formed in Damaged Mitochondria and its Effect on Mitochondrial Respiration....Pages 419-423
Effects of Fusarium Mycotoxins on Levels of Serotonin, Melatonin, and 5-Hydroxytryptophan in Pineal Cell Cultures....Pages 425-431
Dioxin-Induced Perturbations in Tryptophan Homeostasis in Laboratory Animals....Pages 433-442
From Sugar Beet Molasses to Lyphan®....Pages 443-452
Structural Characterization of Case-Associated Contaminants Peak C and Ff in L-Tryptophan Implicated in Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome....Pages 453-460
Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome Case-Associated Contaminants in Commercially Available 5-Hydroxytryptophan....Pages 461-468
Synthesis, Formation, and Occurrence of Contaminants in Biotechnologically Manufactured L-Tryptophan....Pages 469-480
Synthesis and Formation of an Ems Correlated Contaminant in Biotechnologically Manufactured L-Tryptophan....Pages 481-486
Is there any Relationship Between Eosinophilia Myalgia Syndrome (Ems) and Fibromyalgia Syndrome (Fms)? an Analysis Of Clinical and Immunological Data....Pages 487-496
Oxidative Damage in Rat Tissue Following Excessive L-Tryptophan and Atherogenic Diets....Pages 497-505
Tryptophan Toxicity—Time and Dose Response in Rats....Pages 507-516
Ifn-γ Activated Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Activity in Human Cells is an Antiparasitic and an Antibacterial Effector Mechanism....Pages 517-524
Importance of L-Tryptophan Metabolism in Trypanosomiasis....Pages 525-531
Cytokine Mediated Regulation of Interferon-Gamma-Induced Ido Activation....Pages 533-539
Antioxidant Activities and Redox Regulation of Interferon-Gamma-Induced Tryptophan Metabolism in Human Monocytes and Macrophages....Pages 541-552
Interferon-Gamma-Dependent/Independent Expression of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase....Pages 553-557
L-Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway Metabolite 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid Induces Apoptosis in Macrophage-Derived Cells Under Pathophysiological Conditions....Pages 559-563
Tryptophan Catabolism in Synovial Fluid of Various Arthropathies and its Relationship with Inflammatory Cytokines....Pages 565-570
Degradation of Tryptophan in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus....Pages 571-577
Kynurenine and Neopterin in Chronic Glomerulonephritis....Pages 579-586
Structure, Function, And Applications of Tryptophan Tryptophylquinone Enzymes....Pages 587-595
An Unusual Role of Tryptophan in Pqq-Containing Quinoproteins....Pages 597-602
Specific Enzymatic Chlorination of Tryptophan and Tryptophan Derivatives....Pages 603-609
Characterization and Functional Expression of the Cdna Encoding Human Brain Quinolinate Phosphoribosyltransferase....Pages 611-614
Identification of Cdnas Encoding α-Amino-β-Carboxymuconate-ε-Semialdehyde Decarboxylase (Acmsdase)....Pages 615-618
Purification of L-Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase from Mitochondrial Outer Membrane of Pig Liver....Pages 619-623
Quantification of Anthranilic Acid and its Related Enzyme Activity in Several Different Species....Pages 625-628
Liver and Kidney Kynurenine Aminotransferase Activity in Different Strains of Rats....Pages 629-635
Latest on Enzymology of Serotonin Biosynthesis in Walnut Seeds....Pages 637-644
Ommochrome Genesis in an Albino Strain of a Terrestrial Isopod....Pages 645-648
Involvement of Tryptophan Metabolism in the Body Color of Crustacea....Pages 649-652
Correlation Between Tryptophan and Hair Pigmentation in Human Hair....Pages 653-657
Off-Flavor Compounds in Wine and Other Food Products Formed By Enzymatical, Physical, and Chemical Degradation of Tryptophan and its Metabolites....Pages 659-669
Determination of Tryptophan and Tryptophan Metabolites in Grape Must and Wine....Pages 671-677
Influences on Skatole Formation from Tryptophan in the Pig Colon....Pages 679-684
Determination of Hydroxytryptophan Isomers in γ-Irradiated Egg White, Chicken Meat, and Shrimps....Pages 685-691
Formation of the Comutagenic Beta-Carboline Norharman in a Simple Tryptophan-Containing Model System at Low Temperature (40°C-80°C)....Pages 693-696
The Role of Tryptophan in Fatigue in Different Conditions of Stress....Pages 697-704
The Significance of Tryptophan in Infant Nutrition....Pages 705-710
Nutritional Factors that Regulate on the Conversion of L-Tryptophan to Niacin....Pages 711-716
Kynurenine Concentration of Serum Was Increased by Exercise....Pages 717-722
Absorption of Trigonelline from the Small Intestine of the Specific Pathogen-Free (Spf) and Germ-Free (Gf) Rats in Vivo....Pages 723-727
Physiological Roles of Tryptophan in Pig Nutrition....Pages 729-741
Efficiency of a Lysine-Tryptophan Blend as a Tryptophan Source in Animal Nutrition....Pages 743-747
Approaches in Novel Feed— Eu Legislation....Pages 749-755
Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Tryptophan Derivatives in Food....Pages 757-767
Structural Characterization of Contaminants in Commercial Preparations of Melatonin by on-Line Hplc-Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry....Pages 769-777
Melanogenesis from 5-Hydroxytryptamine, 5,6- and 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamines....Pages 779-787
Tryptophans in Membrane Proteins....Pages 789-799
Advances in the Analysis of Tryptophan and its Related Compounds by Chromatography....Pages 801-816
Determination of N1-Methylnicotinamide by Hplc Postcolumn Photoirradiation....Pages 817-819
Simultaneous Determination of 5-Hydroxyindoles and Catecholamines by Hplc with Fluorometric Precolumn Derivatization....Pages 821-826
An Hplc Method to Determine Tryptophan and Kynurenine in Serum Simultaneously....Pages 827-832
Enhancement of the Specificity of an Enzyme-Based Biosensor for L-Tryptophan....Pages 833-840