Trust and Communication: Findings and Implications of Trust Research

Preface
Contents
Part I: Trust and Communication Under Digital Conditions as a Field of Research
	Some Thoughts on the Nature of Trust: Concept, Models and Theory
		1 Introduction
		2 Trust: Concept and Function
		3 Trust: Model(s)
		4 Trust: A Theory?
		5 Implications
		References
	Methodological and Practical Challenges of Interdisciplinary Trust Research
		1 Introduction
		2 Quantitative Measurement of Trust: Advantages and Challenges
			2.1 Psychometric Measurement
				2.1.1 Characteristics of the Trustor
				2.1.2 Trust in People (as Role Holders)
				2.1.3 Trust in (the Context of) Technology
				2.1.4 Measurement of Trust as an Implicit Attitude
			2.2 Measurement of Trust as Behavior
			2.3 Measurement of Trust as Depicted in Journalistic News Coverage
		3 Qualitative Measures of Trust
			3.1 Applications of Qualitative Methods
			3.2 Data Collection
			3.3 Data Analysis
		4 Mixed Methods in Trust Research
		5 Modeling Trust: Simulations and Agent-Based Modeling
		6 Measurement of Trust: Recommendations for Future Research
		References
Part II: Trust Research in the Field of Media
	Perceptions of Trustworthiness and Risk: How Transparency Can Influence Trust in Journalism
		1 Introduction
		2 Elements Constituting and Factors Influencing Trust
			2.1 Modeling the Relationship Between Trust and Risk as a Process
			2.2 Transparency as a Strategy Influencing the Formation of Trust
			2.3 Trustor Characteristics as a Factor Influencing the Formation of Trust
		3 Empirical Evidence
			3.1 Methods
			3.2 Transparency Strategies
			3.3 The Perception of Transparency and Its Connection with Trust
		4 Conclusion
		References
	Why Trusting Whom? Motivated Reasoning and Trust in the Process of Information Evaluation
		1 Introduction
		2 Different Notions of Trust and Their Application to the Social Media Context
		3 Evaluating Information on Social Media
		4 Processes of Trust and Distrust in Information Evaluation
		5 Outcomes of Goal-Oriented Information Evaluation and the Role of (Dis)trust
		6 Implications for the Spread of Misinformation on Social Media
			6.1 Implications of a Process Perspective on Trust and Distrust
			6.2 Implications of a Motivated Reasoning Perspective on Trust and Distrust
		7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
		References
	Trust in Media Technology
		1 Introduction
		2 Reflections on Trust in Technology
			2.1 Mechanisms of Trust in Technology
			2.2 Theoretical Approaches to Trust in Technology
			2.3 Outcomes of Trust in Technology
		3 Model of Trust in Media Technology
		4 Implications for Future Research and Conclusion
		References
	Data-Based Strategic Communication as a Mediator of Trust: Recipients´ Perception of an NPO´s Automated Posts
		1 Introduction
		2 Data-based Strategic Communication
			2.1 Social Bots
			2.2 Chat Bots
			2.3 Bots for Automated Text Generation
		3 Effects of Automated Communication on Trustworthiness
		4 Method
			4.1 Stimuli
			4.2 Measures
			4.3 Manipulation Check and Sample
		5 Results
		6 Discussion and Implications
		References
Part III: Trust Research in the Field of Economy
	Trust Me: I Am a Recruiter-An Investigation of Antecedents and Consequences of Initial Trust in Online Recruitment
		1 Introduction
		2 Theoretical Background
			2.1 Initial Trust and Trustworthiness Perception
			2.2 Initial Trust Formation in Online Recruitment Via Professional SNS
		3 Hypothesis Development
		4 Methods
			4.1 Material
			4.2 Sample and Participants
			4.3 Operationalization of Constructs
		5 Results
			5.1 Descriptives
			5.2 Hypotheses
		6 Discussion
		7 Practical Implications
		8 Limitations and Future Research
		9 Conclusion
		Appendix A: Scenarios According to Toulmin (1958)
		Appendix B
		References
	The Role of Trust for Citizens´ Adoption of Public E-Services
		1 Introduction
		2 Digitalisation of the Public Sector From the Citizens´ Perspective
			2.1 Public E-Services and Their Uptake by Citizens
			2.2 Risks and Trust in the Context of Public E-Service Use
		3 Method
			3.1 Structured Literature Review
			3.2 Interviews
		4 Findings
			4.1 Results from the Structured Literature Review
			4.2 Interview Results
			4.3 Model of Citizens´ Trust in the Context of E-Government Use
		5 Discussion
			5.1 Implications for Practice
			5.2 Implications for Research
		6 Conclusion
		References
	Trust and Leadership: Implications of Digitization
		1 Introduction
		2 Digitization of the Leadership Context
		3 Digitization of Leadership Communication
		4 Digitization of Leadership Functions
		References
Part IV: Trust Research in the Field of Science
	Trust in Science and Scientists: Implications for (Higher) Education
		1 Introduction
		2 Epistemic Trust, Scientific Literacy, and Science Education
			2.1 Between Trusting and Knowing
			2.2 Source Trustworthiness
			2.3 Language Style and Trustworthiness Judgments
			2.4 Cues from the Practices of Scientific Communities
		3 Being Intellectually Humble in a Community of Knowledge
		4 Discursive Practices About Science and Epistemic Trust
			4.1 Explanation
			4.2 Argumentation
		5 Implications for Science Education and Higher Education
		References
	When Play Store Knows How to Deal with Your Kid: Trust in Digital Counselling
		1 Introduction
		2 Why Counselling for Parents?
			2.1 Trust in Professional Counselling
			2.2 Easy Accessibility
		3 A Closer Look at Digital Counselling
			3.1 Trust in Digital Counselling
				3.1.1 Confidentiality and Data Security
				3.1.2 The Quality of the Information Provided
		4 Parenting Apps: the Status Quo as a Test Case for Digital Counselling
			4.1 Description of Parenting Apps: Structure and Content
				4.1.1 Content
					Child Development
					Diet and Health
					Parenting
					Further/Other Counselling Programs
					Services
				4.1.2 Counselling Components
				4.1.3 Costs
			4.2 Criteria for Trust Judgments
				4.2.1 Evidence-Based Effectiveness
				4.2.2 Editors´ Expertise
				4.2.3 Indication of Scientific Sources
		5 Conclusions
		References
Part V: Trust Research in the Field of Sports
	Team Trust in Sport Teams: Methodological Implications to Advance this Field
		1 Trust in Sport
		2 Teams in Sport
		3 Methodological Implications for Research on Team Trust in Sports
		4 Practical Implications
		5 Conclusions
		References
	Risk and Trust in Self-Tracking via Fitness Apps
		1 Self-Tracking and Fitness Apps
			1.1 The Practice of Self-Tracking
			1.2 Self-Tracking Via Digital Media
			1.3 Digital Self-Tracking in the Health Context
			1.4 Self-Tracking in the Lifestyle Context
		2 Self-Tracking via Fitness Apps
			2.1 Fitness App Devices
		3 Risks and Benefits of Self-Tracking via Fitness Apps
			3.1 Benefits of Self-Tracking via Fitness Apps
			3.2 Risks of Self-Tracking via Fitness Apps
		4 Trust in Fitness App Usage
			4.1 Propensity to Trust
			4.2 Institution-Based Trust
			4.3 Trusting Beliefs in a Specific Technology
		5 Application of the Model to Fitness App Usage
		6 Conclusion
		References
	Trust Within the Coach-Athlete Relationship Through Digital Communication
		1 The Coach-Athlete Relationship
		2 Defining Trust Within the Context of the Coach-Athlete Relationship
		3 The Role of (Digital) Communication Within the Coach-Athlete Relationship
		4 The Development of Trust Through and in Digital Technologies
			4.1 Distinction Between Trust in and Trust Through Technology
			4.2 Technology in the Mediator Role and Trust Antecedents
			4.3 Technology in the Trustee Role and Trust Antecedents
		5 Defining a Comprehensive Model of Trust Within the Coach-Athlete Relationship Through Digital Interactions
		6 Theoretical and Empirical Evidence for the Proposed Model
			6.1 Perception of Trust Antecedents
			6.2 Applicability of the Trust in Technology Model
			6.3 Trust Transfer Effects Within the Coach-Athlete Relationship When Using Digital Communication
		7 Conclusion
		References