Troubleshooting and Maintaining Cisco IP Networks (TSHOOT) Foundation Learning Guide: Foundation Learning for the CCNP TSHOOT 642-832

Cover......Page 1
Table of Contents......Page 9
Introduction......Page 17
 Applying Maintenance Methodologies......Page 20
  Maintenance Models and Methodologies......Page 21
  Determining Procedures and Tools to Support Maintenance Models......Page 23
 Maintenance Processes and Procedures......Page 24
  Network Maintenance Task Identification......Page 25
  Scheduling Maintenance......Page 26
  Establishing Network Documentation Procedures......Page 27
  Establishing Effective Communication......Page 28
  Planning for Disaster Recovery......Page 29
  Network Monitoring and Performance Measurement......Page 30
  Fundamental Tools, Applications, and Resources......Page 31
  Configuration and Documentation Tools......Page 34
  Logging Services......Page 35
  Network Monitoring and Performance Measurement Tools......Page 36
  Implementing Backup and Restore Services......Page 37
  Disaster Recovery Tools......Page 41
 Summary......Page 42
 Review Questions......Page 46
 Troubleshooting Methodologies......Page 50
  Troubleshooting Principles......Page 51
  Structured Troubleshooting Approaches......Page 53
  Top-Down Troubleshooting Method......Page 54
  Follow-the-Path Troubleshooting Method......Page 55
  Spot-the-Differences Troubleshooting Method......Page 56
  Move-the-Problem Troubleshooting Method......Page 57
  Troubleshooting Example: Methodologies......Page 58
  The Troubleshooting Process......Page 60
  Defining the Problem......Page 61
  Gathering and Analyzing Information......Page 62
  Eliminating Possible Problem Causes......Page 64
  An Example on Elimination and Assumptions......Page 65
  Solving the Problem......Page 66
  Troubleshooting and Network Maintenance......Page 69
  Documentation......Page 70
  Creating a Baseline......Page 72
  Communication and Change Control......Page 73
  Change Control......Page 75
 Summary......Page 76
 Review Questions......Page 78
 Using Cisco IOS Software for Maintenance and Troubleshooting......Page 82
  Collecting and Filtering Information Using Cisco IOS show Commands......Page 83
  Testing Network Connectivity Using ping and Telnet......Page 88
  Debug ip packet [access-list-number][detail]......Page 92
  Diagnosing Hardware Issues Using Cisco IOS Commands......Page 93
  Checking CPU Utilization......Page 94
  Checking Memory Utilization......Page 96
  Checking Interfaces......Page 97
  Categories of Troubleshooting Tools......Page 100
  Using Traffic-Capturing Tools......Page 102
  SPAN and RSPAN......Page 103
  Gathering Information with SNMP......Page 106
  Gathering Information with NetFlow......Page 107
  Enabling Network Event Notification......Page 110
 Summary......Page 113
 Review Questions......Page 116
 Troubleshooting VLANs......Page 122
  LAN Switch Operation......Page 123
  Verifying Layer 2 Forwarding......Page 128
 Troubleshooting Spanning Tree......Page 130
  Spanning-Tree Operation......Page 131
  Electing a Root Port......Page 132
  Electing Designated Ports......Page 134
  Ports Going into Blocking, or Learning, and Forwarding State......Page 135
  Analyzing the Spanning-Tree Topology......Page 136
  Spanning-Tree Failures......Page 138
  EtherChannel Operation......Page 139
  Troubleshooting Example: Switch Replacement Gone Bad......Page 140
 Troubleshooting Switched Virtual Interfaces and Inter-VLAN Routing......Page 145
  Inter-VLAN Routing and Multilayer Switching......Page 146
  Switched Virtual Interfaces and Routed Ports......Page 148
  Using First-Hop Redundancy......Page 150
  Verifying FHRP Operation......Page 153
  Alternatives to HSRP......Page 157
 Summary......Page 158
 Review Questions......Page 161
 Troubleshooting Network Layer Connectivity......Page 168
  Routing and Routing Data Structures......Page 169
  Using IOS Commands to Verify Routing Functions......Page 173
  EIGRP Routing Review......Page 175
  Monitoring EIGRP......Page 178
  Troubleshooting Example: Routing Problem in an EIGRP Network......Page 179
 Troubleshooting OSPF......Page 184
  OSPF Data Structures......Page 185
  OSPF Information Flow Within an Area......Page 189
  OSPF Information Flow Between Areas......Page 190
  Cisco IOS OSPF Commands......Page 191
  Troubleshooting Example: Routing Problem in an OSPF Network......Page 193
  Route Injection and Redistribution Process......Page 198
  Verifying and Troubleshooting Route Propagation......Page 200
  Troubleshooting Example: Redistribution from OSPF to EIGRP......Page 202
  BGP Route Processing and Data Structures......Page 206
  BGP Routing Information Flow......Page 208
  Cisco IOS BGP Commands......Page 209
  Troubleshooting Example: Routing Problem in a BGP Network......Page 210
 Summary......Page 216
 Review Questions......Page 221
 Identify Common IPv4 Addressing Service Issues......Page 230
  NAT/PAT Operation......Page 231
  Troubleshooting Common NAT/PAT Issues......Page 234
  Troubleshooting Example: NAT/PAT Problem Caused by a Routing Issue......Page 236
  Troubleshooting Example: NAT Problem Caused by an Inaccurate Access List......Page 239
  Reviewing DHCP Operation......Page 245
  Common DHCP Troubleshooting Issues......Page 246
  DHCP Troubleshooting Tips and Commands......Page 250
  DHCP Troubleshooting Example: Problems After a Security Audit......Page 252
  DHCP Troubleshooting Example: Duplicate Client IP Addresses......Page 257
  DHCP Troubleshooting Example: Relay Agent Issue......Page 259
  IPv6 Routing......Page 262
  Troubleshooting IPv6 Issues......Page 263
  IPv6 Troubleshooting Example: Stateless Autoconfiguration Issue......Page 265
  IPv6 Troubleshooting Example: Redistribution Issue......Page 272
  IPv6 Troubleshooting Example: OSPFv3 Configuration Errors......Page 280
  IPv6 Troubleshooting Example: OSPFv3 over 6to4 Tunnel......Page 289
 Summary......Page 295
 Review Questions......Page 298
 Troubleshooting Network Applications Services......Page 302
  Network Application Services......Page 303
  NetFlow......Page 305
  Cisco IP SLA......Page 308
  NBAR......Page 311
  SLB......Page 312
  QoS and AutoQoS......Page 313
  Common IP SLA Issues......Page 315
  Troubleshooting Example: Network Application Services Problem......Page 316
  NetFlow Troubleshooting Example......Page 317
  IP SLA Troubleshooting Example......Page 320
  AutoQoS Troubleshooting Example......Page 323
  Identifying Performance Issues on Switches......Page 327
  Troubleshooting Switch Interface Performance Problems......Page 329
  Switch Port/Interface Issues......Page 333
  Troubleshooting Example: Duplex Problem......Page 334
  Auto-MDIX......Page 336
  Troubleshooting TCAM Problems......Page 337
  Control Plane: Troubleshooting High CPU Load on Switches......Page 341
  DHCP Issues......Page 344
  Spanning-Tree Issues......Page 345
  Switch Performance Troubleshooting Example: Speed and Duplex Settings......Page 346
  Switch Performance Troubleshooting Example: Excessive Broadcasts......Page 351
  Switch Performance Troubleshooting Example: Excessive Security......Page 355
 Troubleshooting Performance Issues on Routers......Page 362
  Troubleshooting High CPU Usage Issues on Routers......Page 363
  Troubleshooting Switching Paths......Page 366
  Fast Switching......Page 367
  Cisco Express Forwarding......Page 368
  Troubleshooting Process and Fast Switching......Page 369
  Troubleshooting CEF......Page 370
  IOS Tools to Analyze Packet Forwarding......Page 373
  Troubleshooting Router Memory Issues......Page 376
  BGP Memory Use......Page 379
 Summary......Page 380
 Review Questions......Page 384
 Troubleshooting Converged Networks to Support Wireless Operations......Page 390
  Common Wireless Integration Issues......Page 391
  WLAN Connectivity Troubleshooting Example: Misconfigured Trunk......Page 393
  WLAN Connectivity Troubleshooting Example: Duplex and Trust Issues......Page 397
  WLAN Connectivity Troubleshooting Example: LWAPP Denied by New Security Implementations......Page 401
  WLAN Connectivity Troubleshooting Example: DHCP Issues......Page 404
  Common Unified Communications Integration Issues......Page 409
  Unified Communications Troubleshooting Example: Port Security and Voice VLAN Issues......Page 414
  Unified Communications Troubleshooting Example: Invalid Marking of VoIP Packets......Page 418
  Unified Communications Troubleshooting Example: ACL and Trunk Issues......Page 424
  Common Video-Integration Issues......Page 429
  Video-Integration Troubleshooting Example: Performance Issues Due to STP Topology......Page 435
  Video-Integration Troubleshooting Example: IP Multicast Configuration Error......Page 445
 Summary......Page 450
 Review Questions......Page 452
 Troubleshooting Secure Networks......Page 454
  Troubleshooting Challenges in Secured Networks......Page 455
  Security Features Review......Page 456
  The Management Plane......Page 457
  Securing the Management Plane......Page 459
  Troubleshooting Security Implementations in the Management Plane......Page 461
 Troubleshooting Control Plane Security......Page 466
  Troubleshooting Security Implementations in the Control Plane......Page 467
  Securing the Data Plane Using IOS Stateful Packet Inspection......Page 468
  Securing the Data Plane Using the Zone-Based Policy Firewall......Page 471
  Other Methods of Securing the Data Plane......Page 473
  Troubleshooting Security Implementations in the Data Plane......Page 474
  Branch Office and Remote Worker Connectivity......Page 475
  Identifying Issues with Branch Office and Remote Worker Connectivity......Page 476
  Branch Office/Remote Worker Troubleshooting Example: Address Translation Error......Page 479
  Branch Office/Remote Worker Troubleshooting Example: Crypto Map ACL Error......Page 482
  Branch Office/Remote Worker Troubleshooting Example: GRE Configuration Error......Page 486
  Branch Office/Remote Worker Troubleshooting Example: Recursive Routing Problem......Page 490
  Branch Office/Remote Worker Troubleshooting Example: ACL Denies IPsec Protocols......Page 495
 Summary......Page 497
 Review Questions......Page 499
 Review of Key Maintenance and Troubleshooting Concepts and Tools......Page 504
 Applying Maintenance and Troubleshooting Concepts and Tools......Page 507
 Summary......Page 510
Appendix A: Answer to Review Questions......Page 512
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 E......Page 529
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 I......Page 532
 M......Page 534
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 P......Page 537
 R......Page 540
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 U......Page 548
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 Z......Page 550