Trends in Artificial Intelligence and Computer Engineering: Proceedings of ICAETT 2022

Preface
Organization
Contents
Artificial Intelligence
Recognition and Classification of Cardiac Arrhythmias Using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Machine Learning Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database
		2.2 Preprocessing
		2.3 ECG Beat Segmentation
		2.4 Feature Extraction
		2.5 Classification
		2.6 Experimental Design
	3 Results
		3.1 Discussions
	4 Conclusions
	References
Artificial Firefly Meta-heuristic Used for the Optimization of a Fractional PID on an ARM Platform
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
		2.1 Data Acquisition and System Identification
		2.2 Tuning by Using the FA Algorithm
	3 Results
		3.1 Continuous-Time FOPID Controller Tuned by FA
		3.2 Discrete-Time FOPID Controller Tuned by FA
		3.3 Statistical Analysis with Performance Indexes (ITAE) Between Fomcon Optimized FOPID Controller and FA Tuned FOPID Using Wilcoxon Test
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Convolutional Neural Network-Based Web Prototype to Support COVID-19 Detection Using Chest X-rays
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Materials and Background
	4 Data Mining: Experimental Phase and Results
		4.1 Business Understanding Phase
		4.2 Data Understanding Phase
		4.3 Data Preparation Phase
		4.4 Modeling Phase
		4.5 Test and Evaluation Phase
	5 Prototype Development and Results
	6 Comparison with Related Works
	7 Conclusions
	References
Chatbots and Its Impact on the Information Support Service for Students of the Faculty of Computer Science of the Technical University of Manabí
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Use of Chatbots in Higher Education Institutions
		2.2 Chatbots and Their Importance in University Communication
		2.3 Conversational Protocol
		2.4 A Session with @MGUTMbot
		2.5 Architecture
		2.6 Implementation
	3 Results
		3.1 Ease of Learning
		3.2 Memorization Capacity
		3.3 Efficiency of Use
		3.4 Error Prevention
		3.5 Satisfaction
	4 Conclusions
	References
Neural Networks on Noninvasive Electrocardiographic Imaging Reconstructions: Preliminary Results
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Experimental Dataset
		2.2 Preprocessing the Data Set
		2.3 Inverse Mapping Methods
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Socio-spatial Segregation Using Computational Algorithms: Case Study in Ambato, Ecuador
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Materials and Methods
		3.1 Materials
		3.2 Methods
		3.3 Algorithm Development
		3.4 Case Study
	4 Results
		4.1 Living Conditions Index
		4.2 Uniformity
		4.3 Centralization
	5 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Expert System with Facial Recognition Implemented in Human-Machine Conversation Services for the Automation of Multi-platform Remote Processes in the Identification of People Reported Missing
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Accessibility
		3.2 Efficiency
		3.3 Speed
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Communications
Radar Probability of Detection in Multipath Environments
	1 Introduction
	2 Pattern Propagation Factor for More Than One Reflected Ray
		2.1 One Way Voltage Multipath Factor Distribution
		2.2 Two Way Power Multipath Factor Distribution
	3 Signal Plus Noise to Noise Ratio Distribution
	4 Probability of Detection
	5 Results and Discussions
		5.1 Analytical Results
		5.2 Probability of Detection Coverage
	6 Conclusions
	References
Low Detection Symbol Algorithm for MIMO Systems with Big Number of Antennas
	1 Introduction
	2 System Model
		2.1 Maximum Likelihood Detector
	3 Proposed Detector
		3.1 Symbol Flipping Procedure
		3.2 Initial Random Solution
	4 Numerical Results
		4.1 BER Performance
	5 Conclusion
	References
Deployable Networks. An Alternative for Communications in Critical Environments
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Characteristic
		2.2 Network Architecture
	3 Functionality Tests and Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Application for the Study of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks: Case Study
	1 Introduction
		1.1 UWSNs Architectures
		1.2 Characteristics and Challenges of a UWSN
		1.3 Applications of UWSN
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Analysis Phase
		2.2 Design Phase
		2.3 Coding Phase
		2.4 Testing Phase
	3 Development
		3.1 Use Case Diagram
		3.2 Interface Coding
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
e-Learning
Learning Performance Indicators a Statistical Analysis on the Subject of Natural Sciences During the COVID-19 Pandemic at the Tulcán District
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Related Work
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Evaluation Statistics Techniques
		2.2 Evaluation Instrument
		2.3 Significative Difference Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Instrument Validation
		3.2 Data Gathering Analysis
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Virtual Physics Learning for Basic Education
	1 Introduction
	2 State of the Art
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Methodology for the Software Development
		3.2 Methodological Proposal for the Integration of the Virtual Laboratory as a Complementary Activity
	4 Preliminary Evaluation
	5 Arguments and Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Bibliometric Mapping of Scientific Literature Located in Scopus on Teaching Digital Competence in Higher Education
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
	3 Results
		3.1 Analysis of the Scientific Productions Extracted According to the Year of Publication
		3.2 Analysis of the Scientific Productions Extracted According to Their Origin
		3.3 Analysis of the Scientific Productions Extracted According to Their Authors
		3.4 Analysis of the Scientific Productions Extracted Based on Their Filiation
		3.5 Analysis of the Scientific Productions Extracted According to the Country Where It Originates
		3.6 Analysis of the Scientific Productions Extracted According to the Type of Document
		3.7 Analysis of the Scientific Productions Extracted According to the Research Area
		3.8 Analysis of the Scientific Productions Extracted According to the Language of the Publication
		3.9 Analysis of the Scientific Productions Extracted Based on the Keywords of the Publication
		3.10 Analysis of the Scientific Productions Extracted Based on the Citations
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Computational Thinking as Instrument to Evaluate Student Difficulties in Higher Education: Before and During Pandemic Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Participants
		2.2 Instruments
	3 Results
		3.1 CT Applied to Problem Solving
		3.2 Intervention Description
		3.3 Quantitative Analysis Between Interventions
		3.4 Qualitative Analysis for Learning Modality
		3.5 Qualitative Analysis Before and After the Pandemic
	4 Discussion
		4.1 Limitations and Future Work
	5 Conclusions
	References
Systematization of Playful Teaching Using Games Aimed at Teachers and Students
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Participants
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Design of a Predictive Model to Evaluate Academic Risk Using Data Mining
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials y Methods
		2.1 Database and Resources
		2.2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Hope Project: Augmented Reality to Teach Dance to Children with ASD
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Method
		2.1 Population
		2.2 Work Plan
		2.3 Phases of the Intervention
		2.4 Resources Used in the Intervention Plan
		2.5 Activities Designed to Reinforce Teaching Learning Processes
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
An Approach to Scientific Research for the Continuous Improvement of Scientific Production in Ecuador
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Pearson Correlation
		3.2 Diagnostico Aplicando el Alfa Cronbach
		3.3 Appropriate Prototype to Improve Scientific Production in a Higher Education Institution (IES)
	4 Discussion
	5 Works Future and Conclusions
	References
Professional Skills for the Administration Career with a Higher Technological Level
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Of the Work with the Teachers of the Institute
	4 Conclusions
	References
Gamification as a Methodological Strategy and Its Impact on the Academic Performance of University Students
	1 Introduction
	2 The Importance of Gamification as a Methodological Competence
	3 Gamification and University Evaluation
		3.1 The Potential of Gamification as an Evaluative Resource
	4 Model of Development by Competencies and Gamification
		4.1 Specific Skills as a Transversal Axis in Gamified Strategies
	5 Materials and Methods
		5.1 Methods
		5.2 Population and Sample
		5.3 Materials
	6 Results
		6.1 Survey of University Teachers About Their Perception of Gamified Tools as Methodological Strategies in Academic Subjects to Improve the Performance of University Students
		6.2 Survey of University Students Regarding the Use of Gamification as a Methodological Strategy by Their Teachers
		6.3 Academic Performance of University Students
	7 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Impact of Blended-Learning on Higher Education and English Language
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Augmented Reality Application with Multimedia Content to Support Primary Education
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods and Materials
		2.1 Hardware
		2.2 Software
		2.3 Interface Design
	3 Experimental Tests and Results
		3.1 Experimental Design
		3.2 Knowledge Test
	4 Discussions and Conclusions
	References
Storytelling as a Motivational Resource in the Therapy of Childhood Cancer
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Use of Graphic Design
		1.2 Storytelling
	2 Methods and Materials
		2.1 First Phase. Empathize
		2.2 Second Phase. Define
		2.3 Third Phase. Creating
		2.4 Fourth Phase. Prototyping
		2.5 Fifth Phase. Testing
	3 Analysis and Results
	4 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Presyllabic Method to Correct Dysorthography in Elementary School Students
	1 Introduction
	2 Development
		2.1 Writing
		2.2 Dysorthography
		2.3 Causes of Dysorthography
	3 Academic Performance
	4 Language and Literature
		4.1 Academic Achievement in the Area of Language and Literature
	5 Methodological Approach
	6 Methodology and Research Techniques
	7 Results
	8 Conclusions
	References
State of ICTs as Support for the Educational Process in the Andean Region
	1 Introduction
	2 Scope
	3 Methodology
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions and Recommendations
	References
AT for Engineering Applications
Computerized Planning of Surface Ratios in a Milk Extraction Plant
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Methodology
		1.2 Results of CORELAP Application
		1.3 Graphical Solution
	2 Discussion
	3 Conclusions
	References
Methodological Proposal for Micro-enterprises Through a Mathematical - Statistical Model Based on Integral Logistics
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Pilot Survey
		2.2 Reliability
	3 Developing
		3.1 Factorial Analysis
		3.2 Bartlett's Sphericity Test
		3.3 Internal Consistency Coefficient Using Two Halves or Split-Half
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Material Selection for a Biomass Heat Exchange Multicriteria Decision Methods: Study Case on Ecuador
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
		2.1 Heat Exchanger Conditions
		2.2 Material Selection
		2.3 Multicriteria Decision Methods
		2.4 Analytical Hierarchy Process
		2.5 VIKOR Method
		2.6 Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution
		2.7 Complex Proportional Assessment
		2.8 SPEARMAN’S Coefficient
		2.9 Validation of Heat Potential
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 AHP Method
		3.2 VIKOR Method
		3.3 Method TOPSIS
		3.4 COPRAS Method
		3.5 Spearman Correlation
		3.6 Simulation Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Design and Simulation of an Aircraft Autopilot Control System: Longitudinal Dynamics
	1 Introduction
	2 Automatic Landing System
		2.1 Instrument Landing System
	3 Mathematical Model of Longitudinal Dynamics
		3.1 Aircraft Model
		3.2 Longitudinal Dynamics Model
	4 Control System for Coupling to the Glide Slope
		4.1 Vertical Attitude Controller
		4.2 Speed Controller
		4.3 Vertical Trajectory Controller
	5 Integration, Validation and Analysis of Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Management Innovation and Competitive Success in Peruvian Companies of the Manufacturing Sector
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Study of Accounting and Management Perceptions of the Usefulness of Financial Information in Small and Medium-Sized Timber Companies in Colombia
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Problem Definition
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Type of Research and Approach
		2.2 Collection Instruments
	3 Background
	4 Theoretical Framework
		4.1 Competitiveness vis-à-vis IFRS
		4.2 Implementation of IFRS in Latin America
		4.3 Causes and Effects of IFRS Implementation in Small and Medium-Sized Timber Companies in Colombia
	5 Results
	6 Conclusions and Discussion
	References
Influence of Aqueous Phase of Hydrothermal Carbonization Feeding on Carbon Fixation by Microalgae
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Characterization Analysis
		2.3 Time Course Growth Studies
		2.4 Productivity Optimization
		2.5 Growth Kinetics and CO2 Biofixation
	3 Results and discussions
		3.1 Characterization of Hydrothermal Process Water
		3.2 Dry Biomass
		3.3 Characterization of Algae
	4 Conclusions
	References
Assessment of the Thermal Behavior in Social Housing in Hot Humid Climate in Ecuador
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Case Study
		2.2 Climate and Study Period
		2.3 Thermal Behavior of the Envelope and Indoor Air
		2.4 Thermal Environment Evaluation
	3 Results
		3.1 Thermal Behavior of the Envelope and Indoor Air
		3.2 Thermal Environment Evaluation
	4 Conclusions
	References
Implications of Spraying Powder Paint
	1 Introduction
	2 Pollution
		2.1 Air Pollution
		2.2 Treatment of Particles
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dimensional Analysis of the Cyclone
	4 Discussion and Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Heat Transfer Adhesion Factor on Metal Surfaces
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials Analysis
		2.1 Metals
		2.2 Non-metals
		2.3 Coating Processes by Heat Transfer
		2.4 Curing Ovens
		2.5 Conventional Curing Room Systems
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Materials
		3.2 Treatments
		3.3 Ovens
		3.4 Furnace Design Parameters
		3.5 Dimensioning and Geometry of the Structure
	4 Discussion and Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Virtual Laboratory of Electronic Instrumentation Based on a Programming Proposal Focused on Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Methods
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions and Discussion
	References
Thermal-Mechanical Properties of Recycled PVC Used in Schrader Valve Caps
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Material
	3 Methods
		3.1 Physical Identification Methods
		3.2 Spectroscopic Methods. According to ASTM Standard
		3.3 Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
		3.4 Glass Transition Temperature (Tg)
		3.5 Thermogravimetric Analysis in Accordance with
		3.6 Tensile - Deformation Test
	4 Analysis and Results
		4.1 Infrared Spectroscopy Identification (FTIR) (ASTM142 Standard)
		4.2 Thermogravimetric Analysis
		4.3 Melting Point by Differential Scanning Calorimetry DSC (ASTM D 3418 Standard)
		4.4 Yield Stress by Tensile Test. Tensile-Deformation Mechanical Tests
		4.5 Thermal Simulation of the Prototype
		4.6 Simulation of Axial Load Inside the Valve Cap Head
		4.7 Simulation of the Application of an External Torque to the Prototype
		4.8 Pressure Exerted on the Tire Valve Cap
	5 Conclusion
	References
Consequence of a Geriatric Psychomotricity Program on the Quality of Life of Older Adults
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Proposal Description
	4 Conclusions
	References
Laboratory-Scale Determination of the Influence of Temperature, Time, and Mordant on the Tensile Strength and Elongation of Abaca Yarn Dyed with Marco Extract (Ambrosia Peruviana) Subjected to Seawater
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Materials and Methods
	2 Results
		2.1 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for Resistance
		2.2 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for Elongation
	3 Conclusions
	References
Cryptocurrencies Towards Financial Innovation in the Microenterprise Sector
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Financial Transaction
		1.2 Cryptocurrencies as a Financial Innovation
	2 Methods
		2.1 Bibliometric Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
3D Modelling of Freedom Summit for Virtual Environments
	1 Introduction
	2 Metodology
		2.1 Concepts and Characteristics of 3D Modeling
		2.2 Development Methodology
	3 Result and Discussion
	References
Model of Technological Competencies as Determinants of Innovation: A Comparative Intersectoral Study in Ecuador
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Framework
		2.1 Technological Competencies
		2.2 The Component Elements of the Technological Competences
		2.3 Mastery of Technological Competences
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Database and Variables
		3.2 Statistical Modelling
	4 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Micro-enterprise Management Towards Scenario Building for Decision Making
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Reference
		2.1 Microenterprise Management
		2.2 Functions of the Microenterprise
		2.3 From Empiricism to Strategy in Micro-enterprise
		2.4 Scenarios for Micro-enterprise Management
		2.5 Decision-Making in Micro-enterprise
	3 Method
		3.1 Bibliometric Analysis
		3.2 Concurrence Analysis
		3.3 Co-occurrence Analysis
		3.4 Co-occurrence Analysis
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusions
	References
Analysis of Business Efficiency Considering the Influence of the Particular Events on Sales Increase Period 2016–2020
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Future Work and Conclusions
	References
Income from Ordinary Activities and Its Tax Impact on Companies in the Automotive Sector in Ecuador
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
		3.1 Practical Demonstration of the Hypothesis
	4 Conclusions
	References
Security
Proof of Concepts of Corda Blockchain Technology Applied on the Supply Chain Area
	1 Introduction
	2 Corda Key Concepts
		2.1 State
		2.2 Transaction
		2.3 Contract
		2.4 Flow
		2.5 Notary
	3 Supply Chain Development with Corda
		3.1 Ledger Layer
		3.2 Orchestration Layer
	4 Materials and Methodology
		4.1 Throughput
		4.2 Latency
		4.3 CPU Utilization
		4.4 Memory Utilization
		4.5 Performance Analysis Tool
		4.6 Custom Web Server for Corda RPC
	5 Simulation Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Spread Virus: Usability Evaluation on a Mobile Augmented Reality Videogame
	1 Introduction
	2 Context
		2.1 Augmented Reality
		2.2 AR Software Development Kit
		2.3 Software Usability
		2.4 System Usability Scale
		2.5 Tower Defense
	3 Main Contribution
	4 Related Works
	5 Experiments
	6 Conclusions and Perspectives
	References
Security Mechanisms and Log Correlation Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 State of the Art
		2.1 Cyber Security World Stage
		2.2 Centralized Security
		2.3 SIEM Systems
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Preparation
		3.2 Planning
		3.3 Design
		3.4 Implementation Phase
		3.5 Operation Phase
		3.6 Optimization
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Results
		4.2 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	Bibliography
Technology Trends
Identification of Corn Leaves Diseases Images Using MobileNet Architecture in SmartPhones
	1 Introduction
	2 Convolutional Neural Network Architecture
	3 MobileNet Architecture
		3.1 The Network Architecture
		3.2 Parameters of MobileNet
	4 Materials and Methodology
		4.1 Dataset
		4.2 Pipeline
		4.3 Experimental Configurations
		4.4 MobileNet Model Deployment in Android Smartphone
	5 Numerical Results and Discussions
		5.1 Experimental Setup
		5.2 SmartPhone Application
	6 Conclusion
	References
Experimental Assessment of Photovoltaic Systems Using One-Axis Tracking and Positioning Strategies in Equatorial Regions
	1 Introduction
	2 System Design and Implementation
		2.1 Solar Radiation Measurement Station
		2.2 Static and One-Axis Tracking Photovoltaic Systems
		2.3 Photovoltaic System with Positioning Strategies
	3 Results
		3.1 Days Considered for Analysis
		3.2 Energy Gain Due to One-Axis Tracking
		3.3 Energy Gain Due to Positioning Strategies
	4 Conclusions
	References
Evaluation of the Reliability of a LiDAR Sensor Through a Geometric Model in Applications to Autonomous Driving
	1 Introduction
	2 Algorithmic Control: Avoid Obstacles and Follow Yellow Line
	3 System Structure
	4 Simulator
		4.1 Vehicle
		4.2 Data Processing: Matlab – Excel
	5 Result Simulation and Discusión
	6 Conclusion
	References
Design of Optimal Controllers Applying Reinforcement Learning on an Inverted Pendulum Using Co-simulation NX/Simulink
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Modeling, Simulation and Co-simulation
		2.2 Design of Optimal Controller Using Reinforcement Learning
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 NX Modeling and Co-simulation
		3.2 Reinforcement Learning
	4 Conclusions
	References
Author Index