Treatise on water science, 4-Vol. set

Preface - Management of Water Resources......Page 1
Establishing Water Policy......Page 2
Drivers of Socioeconomic Growth......Page 3
Transboundary Conflicts......Page 4
The Contents of Volume I......Page 5
References......Page 6
IWRM at the Watershed Level: Watershed Management......Page 8
IWRM at the Water-Use Systems Level: Agricultural Water Management......Page 10
IWRM at the Basin Level......Page 12
IWRM at the National Level: Policies and Governance......Page 14
IWRM at the Transnational and Global Level: Information Sharing, Cooperation, and Technical and Financial Assistance......Page 15
IWRM as a Meta-Concept......Page 16
History and Evolution of the Concept of IWRM......Page 17
Assessments and Critiques of the Concept of IWRM......Page 18
References......Page 19
Relevant Websites......Page 20
International Organizations and Water Policy Debate......Page 21
Local Communities, Property Rights, and Water......Page 23
Linking Water Uses and Administration across Multiple Scales and Jurisdictions......Page 25
Courts: Hiding in Plain View......Page 28
Conclusion: Reconceptualizing Water Governance......Page 29
References......Page 30
Introduction......Page 32
Wise Use of Wetlands......Page 33
Ecological Character......Page 36
The Ecosystem Approach......Page 37
Distribution and Classification of Aquatic Ecosystems......Page 39
Classification of Inland Aquatic Ecosystems......Page 40
Extent and Distribution......Page 41
Loss of Species from Inland Aquatic Ecosystems......Page 42
Drainage, Clearing, and Infilling......Page 44
Modification of Water Regimes......Page 46
Invasive Species......Page 49
Water Pollution and Eutrophication......Page 50
Climate Change......Page 52
Supporting Local Community Involvement in Management......Page 53
References......Page 54
Relevant Websites......Page 56
Challenge One: Revisiting the Old Issue of the Indirect Effects of Investments in Major Water Projects......Page 57
Issue Two: How Appropriate Pricing Is Understood by Economists and by Users and the Implications for Practice......Page 58
Issue Three: The Crucial Distinction between Financial Costs and Opportunity Costs, and the Implications for Practice......Page 59
Conclusions......Page 60
References......Page 61
Introduction......Page 62
Health Impacts......Page 63
Maintenance Solutions......Page 64
Health Impacts......Page 65
Valuation......Page 66
Information on Water Contamination Levels......Page 67
Communal versus Individual Persuasion......Page 68
Potentially Scalable Approaches to Improving Water Quality......Page 69
Valuation: Revealed Preference versus Contingent Valuation......Page 70
References......Page 71
The Costs of Providing W&S Services......Page 73
W&S Development Paths......Page 76
Objectives of Tariff Design......Page 78
Fixed charges......Page 79
Uniform volumetric charge......Page 80
Two-Part Tariffs......Page 81
Achieving Economic Efficiency and Recovering Capital Costs: Fundamentals of Dynamic Marginal Cost Pricing in the W&S .........Page 82
Subsidizing Capital Costs: Reaching the Poor......Page 85
Concluding Remarks......Page 88
References......Page 89
Introduction......Page 90
The Role of Groundwater in the Global Water Cycle......Page 92
The complex meaning of sustainability in groundwater use......Page 93
The Social Sustainability of Groundwater Management......Page 96
The Economics of Groundwater Use......Page 97
Productivity of Groundwater Use......Page 98
Optimal Groundwater Pricing......Page 99
Departures from Optimality: Second-Best Solutions......Page 101
Internalizing the Value of Environmental Services Provided by Groundwater......Page 102
Regulatory Frameworks for Groundwater Multilevel Governance......Page 103
Diversity in Groundwater Regulatory Regimes......Page 104
The controversy over private, public, or community groundwater rights......Page 105
Implementation and Enforcement of Groundwater Legislation......Page 106
Institutional Aspects of Groundwater Management......Page 107
Boundary definition......Page 109
An Institutional Audit of Groundwater Institutions......Page 110
Transparency and participatory groundwater management......Page 111
The Complex Concept of Groundwater Sustainability and Future Management Issues......Page 112
Degradation of groundwater quality......Page 113
Interference with surface water and ecological impacts......Page 114
Groundwater and climate change......Page 115
Future management issues......Page 116
Conclusion......Page 117
References......Page 118
Relevant Websites......Page 119
Introduction and Overview......Page 121
Trends in Water Management for Agriculture......Page 122
Water Scarcity: Is It a Demand or a Supply Problem?......Page 123
The economic and financial challenge......Page 124
Neglect of water management for rainfed agriculture......Page 125
Cost-effective irrigation systems......Page 126
Water Productivity in Agriculture......Page 127
Residual method......Page 128
Agricultural Trade Protection......Page 129
Framework......Page 130
Integrated Water Resource Management......Page 132
Participatory Irrigation Management......Page 133
Mexico......Page 134
Institutions and Water Governance......Page 135
Water Management and the Environment......Page 136
Water for Agriculture and Poverty Reduction......Page 138
Water Management of Rainfed Agriculture......Page 139
Policy Actions for the Future......Page 140
References......Page 141
Relevant Website......Page 143
Nonpoint Sources and the CWA......Page 144
Neuse River Nutrient Management Strategy......Page 146
Jordan Lake Stormwater Rules......Page 147
Mississippi River Basin and Hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico......Page 148
Chesapeake Bay Program......Page 150
Summary and Conclusions......Page 151
References......Page 152
Water Supply and Demand......Page 153
Emergence of Water Conservation......Page 154
Definitions and Measurement of Water Use......Page 155
Industrial and commercial sector data......Page 156
Irrigation sector data......Page 157
Derived demand of producers......Page 158
Configuration of data sets......Page 159
Functional forms and model parameters......Page 160
Elasticities with respect to major determinants of water use......Page 162
Cooling water requirements......Page 163
Supplemental irrigation water requirements......Page 164
Forecasting Principles and Criteria......Page 165
Water requirement forecasts......Page 166
Dealing with forecast assumptions error......Page 168
End-use accounting system......Page 169
Model structure and procedures......Page 170
IWR-MAIN conservation forecasts......Page 171
Water-Use Relationships......Page 172
Effects of Key Forecast Assumptions......Page 174
Conclusion......Page 176
References......Page 177
Introduction......Page 179
Background on Risk Assessment and Management......Page 180
Risk Assessment......Page 181
Risk Management......Page 182
Risk Management versus Consequence Management: The Upside of Risk......Page 183
Risk and Nonstationarity: Uncertain Information and Unreliable Probability Estimates......Page 184
Step 1: Vulnerability and uncertainty identification......Page 185
Step 3: Consequence and uncertainty management......Page 187
Conclusion......Page 188
References......Page 189