Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition

Title Page......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Table of Contents......Page 10
Dedication......Page 6
PREFACE......Page 8
I. The Trace Element Concept......Page 14
II. The Development of Knowledge of the Trace Elements......Page 18
III. Mode of Action of the Trace Elements......Page 21
IV. Trace Element Interactions......Page 23
References......Page 24
I. Historical Background......Page 25
II. The Total Iron Content of the Body and Its Distribution......Page 27
III. Iron in Blood......Page 29
IV. The Forms and Amounts of Iron in Tissues and Secretions......Page 39
V. Absorption......Page 46
VI. Excretion......Page 51
VII. Iron Deficiency......Page 52
VIII. Requirements for Iron......Page 61
IX. Sources of Iron in Foods and Dietaries......Page 63
References......Page 67
I. Historical Background......Page 72
II. Copper in Animal Tissues and Secretions......Page 74
III. Copper in Blood......Page 87
IV. Absorption and Excretion......Page 95
V. Manifestations of Deficiency and Functions of Copper......Page 101
VI. Copper Requirements......Page 119
VII. Copper in the Nutrition of Man......Page 123
VIII. Copper Toxicity......Page 127
References......Page 131
I. Historical Background......Page 136
II. Molybdenum in Animal Tissues and Fluids......Page 138
III. Absorption and Excretion......Page 142
IV. Molybdenum Toxicity......Page 145
V. Molybdenum-Copper Interrelations......Page 151
VI. Molybdenum and Xanthine Oxidase......Page 153
VII. Distribution of Molybdenum in Foods......Page 156
References......Page 157
I. Historical Background......Page 160
II. Cobalt Deficiency in Ruminants......Page 162
III. Cobalt in the Nutrition of Man and other Nonruminants......Page 180
IV. Cobalt Content of Animal Tissues and Fluids......Page 182
V. Cobalt Absorption and Excretion......Page 188
VI. Cobalt Polycythemia and Cobalt Toxicity......Page 189
VII. Vitamin B12......Page 192
References......Page 204
CHAPTER 6. NICKEL......Page 210
I. Nickel in the Body......Page 211
III. Nickel in Foods and Human Dietaries......Page 213
References......Page 215
I. Historical Background......Page 217
II. Zinc in Animal Tissues and Organs......Page 219
III. Zinc in Blood......Page 227
IV. The Zinc Content of Milk......Page 230
V. Zinc Deficiency in Animals......Page 231
VI. Zinc in Human Nutrition......Page 236
VII. Absorption and Excretion......Page 237
VIII. Zinc Toxicity......Page 239
References......Page 242
I. Historical Background......Page 246
II. Manganese in Animal Tissues and Secretions......Page 248
III. Manganese in Mammalian Nutrition......Page 254
IV. Manganese in Avian Nutrition......Page 264
V. Absorption and Excretion......Page 272
VI. Manganese Toxicity......Page 274
References......Page 275
I. Historical Background......Page 278
II. Iodine in Animal Tissues and Fluids......Page 283
III. Physiological Functions of Iodine and the Thyroid Hormone......Page 294
IV. Iodine Metabolism......Page 301
V. Iodine Requirements......Page 305
VI. Sources of Iodine......Page 309
VII. Goitrogenic Substances in Food......Page 316
References......Page 321
II. Fluorine as an Essential Element in Nutrition......Page 325
III. Chronic Fluorosis of Livestock......Page 327
IV. Fluorine in Human Nutrition......Page 338
V. Fluorine and Enzyme Action......Page 351
VI. Fluorine and Thyroid Activity......Page 352
References......Page 353
I. "Alkali Disease" and "Blind Staggers" of Livestock......Page 357
II. Selenium in Plant Materials Used as Foods......Page 370
III. Selenium in Animal Tissues and Products......Page 374
IV. Absorption and Excretion of Selenium......Page 377
V. Selenium in Human Nutrition......Page 379
References......Page 380
I. Aluminum......Page 383
II. Arsenic......Page 385
III. Barium and Strontium......Page 388
IV. Boron......Page 390
V. Bromine......Page 392
VI. Silicon......Page 395
VII. Vanadium......Page 398
References......Page 399
CHAPTER 13. SOIL-PLANT-ANIMAL INTERRELATIONSHIPS......Page 402
I. Soil Relations in Human Nutrition......Page 403
II. Factors Influencing the Trace Element Contents of Plants......Page 405
III. Qualitative and Quantitative DiflFerences in the Trace Element Requirements of Plants and Animals......Page 408
IV. The Complexity of Soil-Plant-Animal Interrelationships......Page 410
References......Page 411
Author Index......Page 412
Subject Index......Page 433