Toxicological Survey of African Medicinal Plants

 Content: Front Cover; Toxicological Survey of African Medicinal Plants; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; List of Contributors; 1 Toxicological Societies in Africa: Roles and Impact in Policy Making and Living Conditions; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Toxicological Societies in Africa; 1.2.1 African Society for Toxicological Sciences; 1.2.1.1 Mission; 1.2.1.2 Goals; 1.2.1.3 History and Achievements of ASTS; 1.2.2 Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry; 1.2.2.1 Goals of SETAC Africa; 1.2.2.2 Organized Workshops and Trainings; 1.2.3 West African Society of Toxicology; 1.2.3.1 Trainings and Workshops 1.2.4 Cameroon Society for Toxicological Sciences1.2.4.1 Objectives; 1.2.5 The ''Association Tunisienne de Toxicologie''; 1.2.5.1 Objectives; 1.2.5.2 Activities, Workshops, and Trainings; 1.2.6 The Egyptian Society of Toxicology; 1.2.7 The Africa Education Initiative (NEF); 1.2.7.1 Goals; 1.2.7.2 NEF Toxicology Internship Program; 1.2.8 Environmental Protection Agency-Program in Africa; 1.2.8.1 Mission; 1.2.8.1.1 Good Environmental Governance; 1.2.8.1.2 Water and Sanitation; 1.2.8.1.3 Ambient Air Quality; 1.2.8.1.4 Clean Cookstoves and Indoor Air Quality; 1.2.8.1.5 Climate Change 1.2.8.1.6 Toxic Substances1.2.8.1.6.1 E-Waste; 1.2.8.1.6.2 Mercury Use in Artisanal Gold Mining; 1.3 Interactions Between African Societies of Toxicological Sciences with European and American Societies; 1.3.1 International Union of Toxicology; 1.3.1.1 Mission; 1.3.1.2 Vision; 1.3.2 General Objectives of IUTOX; 1.3.3 The Society of Toxicology; 1.4 The Role of African Societies of Toxicological Sciences in Government Policy Making; 1.5 Information Resources in Toxicology; 1.5.1 Toxic Remnants of War; 1.6 Conclusions and Recommendations; References 2 Ethical Issues for Animal Use in Toxicological Research in Africa2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Definitions; 2.3 Ethical Aspects of Medicinal Plants in Africa; 2.4 The Importance of Animals in Toxicological Studies; 2.5 Guidelines of Animal Research Ethics; 2.5.1 History: Development of Guidelines and Legal Frameworks; 2.5.2 3 Rs (Reduction, Replacement, and Refinement); 2.5.3 International Guidelines for Use and Care of Animals in Scientific Procedures; 2.5.4 Guidelines for Managing and Supervising Breeding and Holding Facilities; 2.5.5 Hazards for Animal Care Personnel; 2.5.6 Training Guidelines 2.6 Animal Welfare Issues2.6.1 What Is Animal Well-Being or Welfare?; 2.6.2 Strategies to Safeguard Animal Well-being, Australian Code, 2013; 2.6.3 Some Possible Ways of Protecting the Welfare of Animals Used in Research or Teaching; 2.6.4 Protection of Animals During Transport and Related Operations; 2.6.5 Acclimatization and Conditioning; 2.6.6 Food and Water; 2.6.7 Avoiding or Minimizing Discomfort, Anxiety, and Pain; 2.6.8 Anesthesia and Analgesia; 2.6.9 Euthanasia; 2.7 Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees; 2.7.1 Responsibilities of AECs, Australian Code, 2013
 Abstract:             Toxicological Survey of African Medicinal Plants provides a detailed overview of toxicological studies relating to traditionally used medicinal plants in Africa, with special emphasis on the methodologies and tools used for data collection and interpretation. The book considers the physical parameters of these plants and their effect upon various areas of the body and human health, including chapters dedicated to genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and specific organs and systems. Following this discussion of the effects of medicinal p