Toxicological profiles - Di-n-octylphthalate

TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR DI-n-OCTYLPHTHALATE......Page 1
CONTENTS......Page 11
DISCLAIMER......Page 2
UPDATE STATEMENT......Page 3
FOREWORD......Page 5
CONTRIBUTORS......Page 7
PEER REVIEW......Page 9
LIST OF FIGURES......Page 15
LIST OF TABLES......Page 17
1.1 WHAT IS DI-n-OCTYLPHTHALATE?......Page 19
1.3 HOW MIGHT I BE EXPOSED TO DI-n-OCTYLPHTHALATE?......Page 20
1.5 HOW CAN DI-n-OCTYLPHTHALATE AFFECT MY HEALTH?......Page 21
1.6 IS THERE A MEDICAL TEST TO DETERMINE WHETHER I HAVE BEEN......Page 22
1.8 WHERE CAN I GET MORE INFORMATION?......Page 23
2.2 DISCUSSION OF HEALTH EFFECTS BY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE......Page 24
2.2.2.1 Death......Page 26
2.2.2.2 Systemic Effects......Page 27
2.2.2.3 Immunological and Lymphoreticular Effects......Page 45
2.2.2.5 Reproductive Effects......Page 46
2.2.2.6 Developmental Effects......Page 48
2.2.2.8 Cancer......Page 49
2.2.3.2 Systemic Effects......Page 50
2.3 TOXICOKINETICS......Page 51
2.3.1.2 Oral Exposure......Page 52
2.3.2.3 Dermal Exposure......Page 53
2.3.3 Metabolism......Page 54
2.4 MECHANISMS OF ACTION......Page 56
2.5 RELEVANCE TO PUBLIC HEALTH......Page 57
Minimal Risk Levels for Di-n-octylphthalate......Page 58
Systemic Effects......Page 59
2.6 BIOMARKERS OF EXPOSURE AND EFFECT......Page 67
2.8 POPULATIONS THAT ARE UNUSUALLY SUSCEPTIBLE......Page 68
2.9.2 Reducing Body Burden......Page 69
2.10.1 Existing Information on Health Effects of Di-n-octylphthalate......Page 70
2.10.2 Identification of Data Needs......Page 71
Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect......Page 77
2.10.3 Ongoing Studies......Page 78
3.2 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES......Page 80
4.1 PRODUCTION......Page 84
4.4 DISPOSAL......Page 88
5.1 OVERVIEW......Page 90
5.2.2 Water......Page 91
5.3.1 Transport and Partitioning......Page 96
5.3.2.2 Water......Page 98
5.4.1 Air......Page 99
5.4.3 Sediment and Soil......Page 100
5.5 GENERAL POPULATION AND OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE......Page 101
5.7.1 Identification of Data Needs......Page 102
5.7.2 Ongoing Studies......Page 105
6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES......Page 107
6.3 ADEQUACY OF THE DATABASE......Page 112
6.3.2 Ongoing Studies......Page 113
7. REGULATIONS AND ADVISORIES......Page 114
8. REFERENCES......Page 116
Immunologic Toxicity......Page 127
q1*......Page 128
Uncertainty Factor (UF)......Page 129
MINIMAL RISK LEVEL WORKSHEETS......Page 131
USER'S GUIDE......Page 135
ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND SYMBOLS......Page 143