Toxicological profiles - Chlordan

TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR CHLORDANE......Page 1
CONTENTS......Page 8
DISCLAIMER......Page 2
UPDATE STATEMENT......Page 3
FOREWORD......Page 4
CONTRIBUTORS......Page 6
PEER REVIEW......Page 7
LIST OF FIGURES......Page 11
LIST OF TABLES......Page 12
1.1 WHAT IS CHLORDANE?......Page 13
1.2 WHAT HAPPENS TO CHLORDANE WHEN IT ENTERS THE ENVIRONMENT?......Page 14
1.3 HOW MIGHT I BE EXPOSED TO CHLORDANE?......Page 15
1.5 HOW CAN CHLORDANE AFFECT MY HEALTH?......Page 16
1.7 WHAT RECOMMENDATIONS HAS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT MADE TO PROTECT HUMAN HEALTH?......Page 17
2.2 DISCUSSION OF HEALTH EFFECTS BY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE......Page 18
2.2.1.1 Death......Page 19
2.2.1.2 Systemic Effects......Page 20
2.2.1.4 Neurological Effects......Page 34
2.2.1.8 Cancer......Page 35
2.2.2.1 Death......Page 36
2.2.2.2 Systemic Effects......Page 38
2.2.2.4 Neurological Effects......Page 66
2.2.2.5 Reproductive Effects......Page 67
2.2.2.6 Developmental Effects......Page 68
2.2.2.8 Cancer......Page 69
2.2.3.1 Death......Page 70
2.2.3.2 Systemic Effects......Page 71
2.2.3.6 Developmental Effects......Page 74
2.3 TOXICOKINETICS......Page 75
2.3.1.2 Oral Exposure......Page 76
2.3.1.3 Dermal Exposure......Page 77
2.3.2.1 Inhalation Exposure......Page 78
2.3.2.2 Oral Exposure......Page 79
2.3.3 Metabolism......Page 81
2.3.4.2 Oral Exposure......Page 84
2.3.5 Mechanisms of Action......Page 85
2.4 RELEVANCE TO PUBLIC HEALTH......Page 88
2.5.1 Biomarkers Used to Identify or Quantify Exposure to Chlordane......Page 102
2.6 INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES......Page 104
2.7 POPULATIONS THAT ARE UNUSUALLY SUSCEPTIBLE......Page 105
2.8.1 Reducing Peak Absorption Following Exposure......Page 106
2.9 ADEQUACY OF THE DATABASE......Page 107
2.9.1 Existing Information on Health Effects of Chlordane......Page 108
2.9.2 Identification of Data Needs......Page 110
2.9.3 Ongoing Studies......Page 116
3.2 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES......Page 118
4.3 USE......Page 123
5.1 OVERVIEW......Page 125
5.2.1 Air......Page 128
5.3.1 Transport and Partitioning......Page 129
5.3.2.1 Air......Page 132
5.3.2.3 Sediment and Soil......Page 133
5.4.1 Air......Page 134
5.4.2 Water......Page 142
5.4.3 Sediment and Soil......Page 150
5.5 GENERAL POPULATION AND OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE......Page 155
5.7 ADEQUACY OF THE DATABASE......Page 181
5.7.1 Identification of Data Needs......Page 182
6. ANALYTICAL METHODS......Page 184
6.1 BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS......Page 185
6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES......Page 189
6.3.1 Identification of Data Needs......Page 195
7. REGULATIONS AND ADVISORIES......Page 196
8. REFERENCES......Page 206
Ceiling Value......Page 241
Lowest-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level......Page 242
Short-Term Exposure Limit......Page 243
User s Guide......Page 244
Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols......Page 250