Toxicological profiles - Acrylonitrile

TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR ACRYLONITRILE......Page 1
CONTENTS......Page 5
DISCLAIMER......Page 2
FOREWORD......Page 3
LIST OF FIGURES......Page 8
LIST OF TABLES......Page 9
1.2 HOW MIGHT I BE EXPOSED TO ACRYLONITRILE?......Page 10
1.4 HOW CAN ACRYLONITRILE AFFECT MY HEALTH?......Page 11
1.6 IS THERE A MEDICAL TEST TO DETERMINE WHETHER I HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO ACRYLONITRILE?......Page 12
1.7 WHAT RECOMMENDATIONS HAS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT MADE TO PROTECT HUMAN HEALTH?......Page 13
2.2 DISCUSSION OF HEALTH EFFECTS BY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE......Page 22
2.2.1.1 Death......Page 23
2.2.1.2 Systemic Effects......Page 30
2.2.1.3 Immunological Effects......Page 32
2.2.1.6 Reproductive Effects......Page 33
2.2.1.8 Cancer......Page 34
2.2.2.1 Death......Page 35
2.2.2.2 Systemic Effects......Page 44
2.2.2.6 Reproductive Effects......Page 47
2.2.2.8 Cancer......Page 48
2.2.3.3 Immunological Effects......Page 49
2.3.1.3 Dermal Exposure......Page 51
2.3.3 Metabolism......Page 52
2.3.4.2 Oral Exposure......Page 55
2.4 RELEVANCE TO PUBLIC HEALTH......Page 56
2.5 BIOMARKERS OF EXPOSURE AND EFFECT......Page 65
2.6 INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER CHEMICALS......Page 66
2.8.1 Existing Information on the Health Effects of Acrylonitrile......Page 67
2.8.2 Identification of Data Needs......Page 69
2.8.3 Ongoing Studies......Page 71
3.2 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES......Page 76
4.3 USE......Page 80
5.1 OVERVIEW......Page 81
5.2.1 Air......Page 82
5.3.1 Transport and Partitioning......Page 83
5.3.2.2 Water......Page 84
5.4.2 Water......Page 85
5.5 GENERAL POPULATION AND OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE......Page 86
5.7 ADEQUACY OF THE DATABASE......Page 87
5.7.1 Identification of Data Needs......Page 89
6.1 BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS......Page 90
6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES......Page 91
6.3.1 Identification of Data Needs......Page 93
7. REGULATIONS AND ADVISORIES......Page 96
8. REFERENCES......Page 98
Cancer Effect Level......Page 122
Lethal Time(50)......Page 123
Reproductive Toxicity......Page 124
Peer Review......Page 125
User s Guide......Page 126
Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols......Page 132