TORUS 3 -- Toward an open resource using services cloud computing for environmental data

Cover......Page 1
Half-Title Page......Page 3
Title Page......Page 5
Copyright Page......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Preface: Why TORUS? Toward an Open Resource Using Services, or How to Bring Environmental Science Closer to Cloud Computing......Page 13
 Structure of the book......Page 18
 1.1. Introduction......Page 19
 1.2. Environmental components......Page 20
  1.2.2. Atmosphere......Page 21
  1.2.3. Hydrosphere......Page 22
  1.2.4. Biosphere......Page 23
  1.3.1. Air pollution......Page 24
  1.3.2. Water pollution......Page 25
  1.3.4. Biological pollution......Page 26
  1.4.1. Air quality management: technical tools and data management......Page 27
  1.4.2. Water quality management......Page 29
  1.4.3. Biosphere reservation and management......Page 30
 1.5. Data services for the environment......Page 32
 1.6. References......Page 33
PART: Environmental Case Studies......Page 35
 2. Air Quality Monitoring with Focus on Wireless Sensor Application and Data Management......Page 37
  2.2. Development of air pollution monitoring techniques......Page 38
   2.2.1. Conventional air pollution monitoring......Page 39
   2.2.2. Sensing technology for air monitoring......Page 43
  2.3. Wireless sensor network for air monitoring......Page 46
   2.3.1. Case studies of application of wireless sensors for air quality monitoring......Page 47
   2.3.2. AIT case study 1......Page 48
   2.3.3. AIT case study 2......Page 50
   2.3.4. Influencing factors of low-cost sensor performance in air pollution monitoring......Page 53
  2.5. References......Page 54
3. Emission Inventories for Air Pollutants and Greenhouse Gases with Emphasis on Data Management in the Cloud......Page 59
 3.1. Introduction......Page 60
  3.2.1. Framework of EI development......Page 61
  3.2.2. Calculation of EI......Page 62
  3.2.3. Sources of data......Page 63
  3.3.1. Southeast Asia (SEA)......Page 70
  3.3.2. Vietnam inland domain......Page 74
  3.3.3. Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand......Page 77
  3.3.4. Forest fire emissions from Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand......Page 78
  3.3.5. Phnom Penh (PNH), Cambodia......Page 81
 3.5. References......Page 83
4. Atmospheric Modeling with Focus on Management of Input/Output Data and Potential of Cloud Computing Applications......Page 91
  4.1.1. Atmospheric modeling......Page 92
  4.1.2. Roles of modeling in air quality management......Page 93
  4.1.3. Existing modeling systems......Page 94
  4.2.1. Conceptual framework and structure......Page 98
  4.2.2. Data flow and processing......Page 101
  4.3.1. Output data processing......Page 103
  4.3.2. Model performance evaluation......Page 104
  4.4.1. Current status of cloud computing applications in atmospheric modeling......Page 105
  4.4.2. Potential applications of cloud computing in air quality modeling......Page 106
  4.5.1. Modeling air quality in Vietnam......Page 107
  4.5.2. Modeling air quality in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region......Page 111
  4.5.3. Modeling air quality in the Southeast Asia domain......Page 114
 4.6. Summary and conclusion......Page 117
 4.7. References......Page 118
 5.1. Introduction......Page 121
 5.2. Relation of aerosol optical thickness, meteorological variables and particulate matter concentration......Page 122
  5.2.3. Data integration......Page 123
  5.2.4. Correlation analysis......Page 124
  5.2.5. Validation of satellite-derived AOD and ground-measured AOD......Page 125
  5.2.6. Relation of particulate matter concentration and meteorological variables......Page 126
  5.2.7. Relation of particulate matter concentration and satellite-derived AOD......Page 129
  5.3.1. Data collection......Page 132
  5.3.3. Data interpolation......Page 133
  5.3.5. Predictor variables and model selection......Page 134
  5.3.6. Interpolation model......Page 135
  5.3.7. Map validation results......Page 136
  5.4.1. Dataset......Page 137
  5.4.2. Radiometric normalization......Page 138
  5.4.3. Relative Aerosol Optical Depth Extraction......Page 139
  5.4.4. Least square fitting......Page 141
  5.4.5. PM10 estimation from SPOT images......Page 142
 5.6. References......Page 145
 6.1. Introduction......Page 149
  6.2.1. Studying sites......Page 150
  6.2.2. Sampling......Page 151
  6.2.4. Statistical analysis......Page 152
  6.3.1. Results of environmental factors in Ho Chi Minh City......Page 153
  6.3.2. Results of monitoring on culturable microorganism levels in ambient air......Page 154
  6.3.3. Comparison and assessment of environmental factor effects on culturable microorganism levels......Page 157
  6.3.4. Principal component analysis of microorganism groups......Page 164
 6.4. Conclusion......Page 167
 6.5. References......Page 168
 7.1. Introduction......Page 173
  7.2.1. Materials......Page 175
  7.3.2. Research methods......Page 176
  7.3.3. Results and discussion......Page 178
  7.3.4. Environmental protection planning map......Page 179
 7.5. References......Page 182
 8.1. Introduction......Page 183
  8.2.1. Assessing the water quality and partitioning the receiving zone......Page 184
  8.3.1. The water quality of the Dong Nai River......Page 185
  8.3.2. Waste sources to the Dong Nai River......Page 186
  8.3.3. Waste load to Dong Nai river......Page 187
  8.3.4. Forecasting load to the Dong Nai River in 2020......Page 188
  8.3.5. Water quality forecasting......Page 190
 8.4. Conclusion......Page 191
 8.5. Appendix......Page 192
 8.6. References......Page 193
 9.1. Introduction......Page 195
  9.1.1. The hydrological cycle......Page 196
 9.2. Hydrological models for water resource management......Page 197
  9.2.1. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)......Page 198
 9.3. Setting up of a SWAT model for the Blue Nile basin......Page 199
 9.4. Scenario analysis using SWAT......Page 202
  9.4.3. Climate change scenarios......Page 203
 9.6. References......Page 204
 10.1. Introduction......Page 209
  10.1.1. Background of the study/related literature......Page 210
  10.1.2. Description of study area......Page 213
  10.1.3. Land use/land cover......Page 215
  10.2.1. Brief description of the SWAT model......Page 216
  10.2.3. Data collection......Page 218
  10.3.1. The automatic hydro-meteorology......Page 221
  10.3.2. Assessing water discharge in the La Vi catchment using the SWAT model......Page 223
 10.5. Acknowledgments......Page 224
 10.6. References......Page 225
Conclusion and Future Prospects......Page 229
List of Authors......Page 233
Index......Page 237
Summary of Volume 1......Page 239
Summary of Volume 2......Page 247
Other titles from iSTE in Computer Engineering......Page 253
EULA......Page 263