Tobacco Smoking and Nicotine: A Neurobiological Approach

Front Matter....Pages i-ix
Tobacco and Health Overview....Pages 1-13
Tobacco Use and Associated Health Risks....Pages 15-23
Nicotine Intake and Its Regulation by Smokers....Pages 25-50
The Functions of Smoking....Pages 51-61
Nicotine Increases Mental Efficiency: But How?....Pages 63-79
Nicotine: Abuse Liability, Dependence Potential and Pharmacologic Treatment of Dependence....Pages 81-99
Nicotine Actions in Models of Learning/Memory and Reward....Pages 101-111
Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Nicotine: Correlation with Binding Studies....Pages 113-124
Noncholinergic Mechanisms Involved in the Behavioral and Stimulus Effects of Nicotine, And Relationships to the Process of Nicotine Dependence....Pages 125-139
Intracranial Self-Stimulation Studies with Nicotine....Pages 141-149
Autoradiographical Evidence of Nicotinic Receptors in Rat Brain....Pages 151-167
Nicotinic Modulation of Dopaminergic Neurotransmission: Functional Implications....Pages 169-189
Current Concepts on the Effects of Nicotine on Neurotransmitter Release in the Central Nervous System....Pages 191-208
Mechanisms of Nicotine Regulation of Dopamine Release in Neostriatum....Pages 209-223
Effects of Nicotine and Exposure to Cigarette Smoke on Discrete Dopamine and Noradrenaline Nerve Terminal Systems of the Telencephalon and Diencephalon of the Rat: Relationship to Reward Mechanisms and Neuroendocrine Functions and Distribution of Nicotinic Binding Sites in Brain....Pages 225-262
Nicotinic Regulation of Sympathoadrenal Catecholamine Secretion: Cross-Tolerance to Stress....Pages 263-276
Central Nicotinic Regulation of Arterial Blood Pressure....Pages 277-286
Control of Blood Pressure by Muscarinic and Nicotinic Receptors in the Ventrolateral Medulla....Pages 287-300
Stereoselectivity of Nicotine’s Central Effects and Its Relationship to Pain and Cardiovascular Function....Pages 301-316
Nicotinic Receptors in the Motor Endplate and in Sympathetic Ganglia....Pages 317-323
Nicotinic and Muscarinic Regulation of Adrenal Catecholamine Secretion....Pages 325-339
Nicotinic Regulation of Adrenomedullary Opioid Peptide Synthesis and Secretion: A Model to Study Monoamine Neuropeptide Cotransmission....Pages 341-356
Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Nicotine in Man....Pages 357-373
Metabolism of Nicotine in Smokers and Nonsmokers....Pages 375-388
Does Smoking Decrease Eating and Eating Increase Smoking?....Pages 389-400
The Biochemical and Functional Nature of the Nicotine Receptor in Rat Brain....Pages 401-411
Brain and Muscle Nicotinic Receptors: Complex Homologous Proteins Carrying Multiple Binding Sites....Pages 413-437
The Effects of Chronic Nicotine Administration on Brain Nicotinic Receptor Numbers....Pages 439-450
Multiple Nicotinic Receptors: Nicotinic Ligands with Different Specificities....Pages 451-465
Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Recognition Sites in Brain....Pages 467-479
Nicotinic Binding Sites in the Brain: Properties, Regulation, and Putative Endogenous Ligands....Pages 481-491
Dose-Related Nicotine Effects on CNS Binding and Behavior....Pages 493-494
[ 3 H]Acetylcholine Binding to Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptors in Brain: Localization and Regulation Visualized by Autoradiography....Pages 494-495
Acute Effects of Tobacco on Human Brain Stem Evoked Potentials....Pages 495-495
Effects of Nicotine on the Development of an Invertebrate Embryonic System....Pages 495-496
Effect of Nicotine on the Turnover Rate of Catecholamine in the Rat Brain....Pages 496-497
Cigarette Smoking and Parkinsonism....Pages 497-497
Stereospecific N-Methylation of Nicotine by Intact Guinea Pig Pulmonary Alveolar Macrophages....Pages 498-498
Biodegradable Microspheres for Sustained Delivery of α-Proteinase Inhibitor....Pages 498-499
 In Vitro and In Vivo Biomethylation of Nicotine Enantiomers....Pages 499-499
Perturbation of S-Adenosylhomocysteine and S-adenosylmethionine Levels, Inhibition of Histamine Metabolism in the Guinea Pig, by Nicotine....Pages 500-500
Cigarette Habituation in Nonhuman Primates....Pages 500-501
Nausea, Cigarette Smoking, Nicotine, and Pituitary Hormone Release....Pages 501-502
The Role of Tobacco Smoking in Cutaneous Circulatory Changes Associated with Atherosclerosis....Pages 502-502
Effect of Cigarette Rod Length on Puff and Post-Puff Respiration Topography, Respiratory Co, and Subjective Ratings in Smokers....Pages 502-503
Effects of Smoking Topography on Nicotine and Carbon Monoxide Exposure....Pages 503-504
Chronic Nicotine Infusion in Rats: Evidence for Some Noncholinergic Actions....Pages 504-504
Heterogeneity of Brain Nicotine Receptors: A Functional Approach....Pages 504-505
Attenuation of Rat Plasma Prolactin Response to Restraint Stress Following Acute and Chronic Dosing with Nicotine....Pages 505-506
Cognitive, Performance, and Electrophysiological Effects of Nicotine Deprivation and Nicotine Gum in Human Volunteers....Pages 506-507
Back Matter....Pages 509-523